Category: 143-24-8

Sadd, Matthew published the artcilePolysulfide Speciation and Migration in Catholyte Lithium-Sulfur Cells, Name: 2,5,8,11,14-Pentaoxapentadecane, the main research area is polysulfide speciation migration lithium sulfur battery catholyte; catholyte; lithium−sulfur (Li−S) battery; operando Raman spectroscopy; polysulfides; radical species.

Semi-liquid catholyte Lithium-Sulfur (Li-S) cells have shown to be a promising path to realize high energy d. energy storage devices. In general, Li-S cells rely on the conversion of elemental sulfur to soluble polysulfide species. In the case of catholyte cells, the active material is added through polysulfide species dissolved in the electrolyte. Herein, we use operando Raman spectroscopy to track the speciation and migration of polysulfides in the catholyte to shed light on the processes taking place. Combined with ex-situ surface and electrochem. anal. we show that the migration of polysulfides is central in order to maximize the performance in terms of capacity (active material utilization) as well as interphase stability on the Li-metal anode during cycling. More specifically we show that using a catholyte where the polysulfides have the dual roles of active material and conducting species, e. g. no traditional Li-salt (such as LiTFSI) is present, results in a higher mobility and faster migration of polysulfides. We also reveal how the formation of long chain polysulfides in the catholyte is delayed during charge as a result of rapid formation and migration of shorter chain species, beneficial for reaching higher capacities. However, the depletion of ionic species during the last stage of charge, due to the conversion to and precipitation of elemental sulfur on the cathode support, results in polarization of the cell before full conversion can be achieved.

ChemPhysChem published new progress about Battery anodes. 143-24-8 belongs to class ethers-buliding-blocks, name is 2,5,8,11,14-Pentaoxapentadecane, and the molecular formula is C10H22O5, Name: 2,5,8,11,14-Pentaoxapentadecane.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Jonsson, Erlendur published the artcileOn the solvation of redox mediators and implications for their reactivity in Li-air batteries, Related Products of ethers-buliding-blocks, the main research area is triethylphosphine oxide tetraglyme solvation lithium air battery.

Lithium-air batteries are a promising energy storage technol. for transport applications, given their exceptionally high energy d. However, their development is significantly hampered by high overpotentials, which lead to poor efficiency and short lifetimes. Redox mediators provide a solution to this problem by shuttling electrons from the electrode to the active species at just above the redox potential of the mediator. Thus, knowing the redox potential and having the ability to tune it are critical to electrochem. performance. We focus on LiI as a model mediator-given its addnl. role in controlling LiOH vs Li2O2 chem.-and use cyclic voltammetry (CV), NMR, UV/Vis spectrometry, and mol. dynamics (MD) simulations to monitor the effects of electrolyte composition on solvation. Li+ and I- solvation in common Li-air solvents, the electrochem. implications, and the applicability of each technique to probe the nature of the solvation shell and its effect on the electrochem. properties are explored. Starting with a simple thermodn. model, we then used UV/Vis spectrometry to probe I- solvation, 1H NMR spectroscopy to study water solvation and 31P of the probe mol. triethylphosphine oxide (TEPO) to explore Li+ solvation; we find that no single descriptor can provide an accurate description of the solvation environment. Instead, we use all these methods in combination with the MD results to help rationalize the CV data. We find that the I- solvation improves significantly in tetraglyme (G4), with increasing salt and water concentration, but minimal effects on changing salt/water concentrations are seen in DMSO. In contrast, increasing salt concentration increases the Li+ activity in DMSO but not in G4. Furthermore, a simple model considering the equilibrium between the different species was used to explain the 1H NMR data.

Journal of the Electrochemical Society published new progress about Battery anodes. 143-24-8 belongs to class ethers-buliding-blocks, name is 2,5,8,11,14-Pentaoxapentadecane, and the molecular formula is C10H22O5, Related Products of ethers-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Huang, Zhimei published the artcileA 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone: an ideal electrolyte solvent for high-performance Li-O2 battery with pretreated Li anode, Safety of 2,5,8,11,14-Pentaoxapentadecane, the main research area is dimethylimidazolidinone battery anode electrolyte ionic conductivity.

Electrolytes are widely considered as a key component in Li-O2 batteries (LOBs) because they greatly affect the discharge-charge reaction kinetics and reversibility. Herein, we report that 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI) is an excellent electrolyte solvent for LOBs. Comparing with conventional ether and sulfone based electrolytes, it has higher Li2O2 and Li2CO3 solubility, which on the one hand depresses cathode passivation during discharge, and on the other hand promotes the liquid-phase redox shuttling during charge, and consequently lowers the overpotential and improves the cyclability of the battery. However, despite the many advantages at the cathode side, DMI is not stable with bare Li anode. Thus, we have developed a pretreatment method to grow a protective artificial solid-state electrolyte interface (SEI) to prevent the unfavorable side-reactions on Li. The SEI film was formed via the reaction between fluorine-rich organic reagents and Li metal. It is composed of highly Li+-conducting LixBOy, LiF, LixNOy, Li3N particles and some organic compounds, in which LixBOy serves as a binder to enhance its mech. strength. With the protective SEI, the coulombic efficiency of Li plating/stripping in DMI electrolyte increased from 20% to 98.5% and the fixed capacity cycle life of the assembled LOB was elongated to 205 rounds, which was almost fivefold of the cycle life in DMSO (DMSO) or tetraglyme (TEGDME) based electrolytes. Our work demonstrates that mol. polarity and ionic solvation structure are the primary issues to be considered when designing high performance Li-O2 battery electrolytes, and cross-linked artificial SEI is effective in improving the anodic stability.

Science Bulletin published new progress about Battery anodes. 143-24-8 belongs to class ethers-buliding-blocks, name is 2,5,8,11,14-Pentaoxapentadecane, and the molecular formula is C10H22O5, Safety of 2,5,8,11,14-Pentaoxapentadecane.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Tonoya, Takeshi published the artcileMicroporous activated carbon derived from azulmic acid precursor with high sulfur loading and its application to lithium-sulfur battery cathode, Computed Properties of 143-24-8, the main research area is azulmic acid activated carbon lithium sulfur battery.

We have previously reported that an effective activation method for azulmic acid carbon (AZC: AZC is a carbide of azulmic acid, a nitrogen-containing organic material) as a precursor can produce microporous activated carbon. By improving the activation method of AZC, we succeeded in producing an AZC-based activated carbon that can support a larger amount of sulfur than that of previously reported one while keeping its microporous property. We have found that the present AZC activated carbon has a BET sp. surface area of 2633 m2 g-1 and a pore volume of 1.286 cc g-1 and can contain up to 70 weight% sulfur when an optimum alk. activator and activation temperature are used. The cathode of this activated carbon can be stably charged and discharged in a lithium-sulfur battery with a glyme-based electrolyte. The present highly sulfur-filled microporous AZC is a promising sulfur host material for lithium sulfur batteries.

Electrochemistry Communications published new progress about Battery anodes. 143-24-8 belongs to class ethers-buliding-blocks, name is 2,5,8,11,14-Pentaoxapentadecane, and the molecular formula is C10H22O5, Computed Properties of 143-24-8.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Wu, Xiaohong published the artcileStabilizing Li-O2 Batteries with Multifunctional Fluorinated Graphene, Safety of 2,5,8,11,14-Pentaoxapentadecane, the main research area is lithium oxygen battery electrolyte fluorinated graphene lithium metal anode; Li-metal anode; Li−O2 batteries; ORR; fluorinated graphene; superoxide.

As a full cell system with attractive theor. energy d., challenges faced by Li-O2 batteries (LOBs) are not only the deficient actual capacity and superoxide-derived parasitic reactions on the cathode side but also the stability of Li-metal anode. To solve simultaneously intrinsic issues, multifunctional fluorinated graphene (CFx, x = 1, F-Gr) was introduced into the ether-based electrolyte of LOBs. F-Gr can accelerate O2- transformation and O2–participated oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) process, resulting in enhanced discharge capacity and restrained O2–derived side reactions of LOBs, resp. Moreover, F-Gr induced the F-rich and O-depleted solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film formation, which have improved Li-metal stability. Therefore, energy storage capacity, efficiency, and cyclability of LOBs have been markedly enhanced. More importantly, the method developed in this work to disperse F-Gr into an ether-based electrolyte for improving LOBs’ performances is convenient and significant from both scientific and engineering aspects.

Nano Letters published new progress about Battery anodes. 143-24-8 belongs to class ethers-buliding-blocks, name is 2,5,8,11,14-Pentaoxapentadecane, and the molecular formula is C10H22O5, Safety of 2,5,8,11,14-Pentaoxapentadecane.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Safanama, Dorsasadat published the artcileRound-Trip Efficiency Enhancement of Hybrid Li-Air Battery Enables Efficient Power Generation from Low-Grade Waste Heat, Application of 2,5,8,11,14-Pentaoxapentadecane, the main research area is hybrid lithium air battery waste heat solid electrolyte.

The superior energy d. renders hybrid Li-air batteries (HLABs) promising candidate energy storage systems to enhance the sustainability of power grids. Nevertheless, HLABs operated at ambient temperature struggle to meet power and cycle life performance requirements for com. application. At the same time, low-grade heat is abundantly available from industrial processes as well as from solar-thermal or geothermal sources, but there is a blatant lack of technologies to efficiently convert low-grade waste heat into valuable elec. energy. We find that cells operated with an anolyte of tetraethylene glycol di-Me ether and 1 M aqueous lithium hydroxide as the catholyte achieve a marked decrease in cell polarization with an increasing operation temperature of up to 80°C. Therefore, the energy efficiency, η, can be increased significantly. While the increase from ηRT = 90% at room temperature to η353K = 98% efficiency at a reference c.d. 0.03 mA cm-2 may appear gradual, the increase in efficiency becomes rapidly more prominent with increasing c.d. (e.g., from ηRT = 59% to η353K = 84% at 0.5 mA cm-2). The addnl. elec. energy that can be drawn from a HLAB heated by low-grade waste heat leads to a highly attractive heat-to-power conversion efficiency. Enhancing the round-trip efficiency of grid-scale Li-air batteries opens a path to convert low-grade waste heat into valuable elec. energy.

ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering published new progress about Battery anodes. 143-24-8 belongs to class ethers-buliding-blocks, name is 2,5,8,11,14-Pentaoxapentadecane, and the molecular formula is C10H22O5, Application of 2,5,8,11,14-Pentaoxapentadecane.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Carter, Rachel published the artcileOptical Microscopy Reveals the Ambient Sodium-Sulfur Discharge Mechanism, Product Details of C10H22O5, the main research area is sodium sulfur battery discharge mechanism cathode anode electrolyte.

With growing demand for energy storage, there is renewed interest in ambient sodium-sulfur batteries, which boast raw material costs below $1/kWh owing to the natural abundance and high theor. energy d. of the pairing. As with lithium, sodium electrochem. reacts with sulfur in ether-based electrolytes, and the intermediate discharge products (polysulfides) dissolve in the battery electrolyte. These polysulfide intermediates have distinct colors, from red-brown to yellow. Addnl., when the solvent permits chem. reordering, the S3•- radical is detected with a blue hue. Radicalization hinders the electrochem. reaction by altering charge balance. Since the reaction intermediates exist with distinct colors, their evolution can be identified during electrochem. discharge with an in-situ optical cell. Optical anal. facilitates detection and characterization of intermediate products across a broader concentration range that is not accessed by more complex in-situ UV-vis spectroscopy. We demonstrate the utility of in-situ optical microscopy for comparing the ambient discharge mechanism in electrolytes from the glyme family. These chain-like solvents, from monoglyme (G1) to tetraglyme (G4), have a greater stabilizing effect on sodium electroplating than for lithium, warranting their investigation at the sulfur cathode. Both the in-situ experiment and stoichiometric solutions reveal that G1 results in the lowest polysulfide solubility and the least sulfur radicalization, while G4 has the greatest. G2 falls between them. Image anal. of the electrolyte between the sulfur working electrode and sodium counter allow for the red, green, and blue image pixilation (RGB) and image brightness to be assessed. With this anal., we can assign the evolution of particular polysulfides to discharge voltage features. In-situ optical microscopy diagnoses electrolyte color changes during room temperature discharge of a sodium-sulfur cell.

ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering published new progress about Battery anodes. 143-24-8 belongs to class ethers-buliding-blocks, name is 2,5,8,11,14-Pentaoxapentadecane, and the molecular formula is C10H22O5, Product Details of C10H22O5.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Jaumaux, Pauline published the artcileLocalized Water-In-Salt Electrolyte for Aqueous Lithium-Ion Batteries, Safety of 2,5,8,11,14-Pentaoxapentadecane, the main research area is water lithium nitrate manganese oxide ion battery electrolyte stability; 1,5-pentanediol; aqueous lithium ion battery; lithium nitrate; localized water-in-salt electrolyte; solid electrolyte interphase.

Water-in-salt (WIS) electrolytes using super-concentrated organic lithium (Li) salts are of interest for aqueous Li-ion batteries. However, the high salt cost, high viscosity, poor wettability, and environmental hazards remain a great challenge. Herein, we present a localized water-in-salt (LWIS) electrolyte based on low-cost lithium nitrate (LiNO3) salt and 1,5-pentanediol (PD) as inert diluent. The addition of PD maintains the solvation structure of the WIS electrolyte, improves the electrolyte stability via hydrogen-bonding interactions with water and NO3- mols., and reduces the total salt concentration By in situ gelling the LWIS electrolyte with tetraethylene glycol diacrylate (TEGDA) monomer, the electrolyte stability window can be further expanded to 3.0 V. The as-developed Mo6S8|LWIS gel electrolyte|LiMn2O4 (LMO) batteries delivered outstanding cycling performance with an average Coulombic efficiency of 98.53% after 250 cycles at 1 C.

Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published new progress about Battery anodes. 143-24-8 belongs to class ethers-buliding-blocks, name is 2,5,8,11,14-Pentaoxapentadecane, and the molecular formula is C10H22O5, Safety of 2,5,8,11,14-Pentaoxapentadecane.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Bieker, Georg published the artcileThe Power of Stoichiometry: Conditioning and Speciation of MgCl2/AlCl3 in Tetraethylene Glycol Dimethyl Ether-Based Electrolytes, Product Details of C10H22O5, the main research area is magnesium battery electrolyte magnesium anode conditioning corrosion; conditioning; corrosion; electrolyte; magnesium anode; magnesium battery.

In many Mg-based battery systems, the reversibility of Mg deposition and dissolution is lowered by parasitic formation processes of the electrolyte. Therefore, high Coulombic efficiencies of Mg deposition and dissolution are only achieved after several “”conditioning”” cycles. As this phenomenon is especially reported for AlCl3-containing solutions, this study focuses on the “”conditioning”” mechanisms of MgCl2/AlCl3 and MgHMDS2/AlCl3 (HMDS = hexamethyldisilazide) in tetraethylene glycol di-Me ether (TEGDME)-based electrolytes. Electrochem. (cyclic voltammetry) and spectroscopic investigations (27Al NMR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, SEM, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) reveal that cationic AlCl2+ species in TEGDME-based electrolytes with an AlCl3/MgCl2 ratio higher than 1:1 corrode the Mg metal. According to a cementation reaction mechanism, the corrosion of Mg is accompanied with Al deposition. In effect, the consumption of Mg results in low Coulombic efficiencies of Mg deposition and dissolution during the electrolyte “”conditioning””. After understanding the mechanism of this process, we demonstrate that a careful adjustment of the stoichiometry in MgCl2/AlCl3 and MgHMDS2/AlCl3 in TEGDME formulations prevents Mg corrosion and results in “”conditioning””-free, highly efficient Mg deposition and dissolution

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces published new progress about Battery anodes. 143-24-8 belongs to class ethers-buliding-blocks, name is 2,5,8,11,14-Pentaoxapentadecane, and the molecular formula is C10H22O5, Product Details of C10H22O5.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Wu, Mihye published the artcileUnderstanding Reaction Pathways in High Dielectric Electrolytes Using β-Mo2C as a Catalyst for Li-CO2 Batteries, Product Details of C10H22O5, the main research area is lithium carbon dioxide battery molybdenum carbide discharge product electrolyte; Li−CO2 batteries; discharge products; electrolyte effect; molybdenum carbides; reaction pathway.

The rechargeable Li-CO2 battery has attracted considerable attention in recent years because of its carbon dioxide (CO2) utilization and because it represents a practical Li-air battery. As with other battery systems such as the Li-ion, Li-O2, and Li-S battery systems, understanding the reaction pathway is the first step to achieving high battery performance because the performance is strongly affected by reaction intermediates. Despite intensive efforts in this area, the effect of material parameters (e.g., the electrolyte, the cathode, and the catalyst) on the reaction pathway in Li-CO2 batteries is not yet fully understood. Here, we show for the first time that the discharge reaction pathway of a Li-CO2 battery composed of graphene nanoplatelets/beta phase of molybdenum carbide (GNPs/β-Mo2C) is strongly influenced by the dielec. constant of its electrolyte. Calculations using the continuum solvents model show that the energy of adsorption of oxalate (C2O42-) onto Mo2C under the low-dielec. electrolyte tetraethylene glycol di-Me ether is lower than that under the high-dielec. electrolyte N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA), indicating that the electrolyte plays a critical role in determining the reaction pathway. The exptl. results show that under the high-dielec. DMA electrolyte, the formation of lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) as a discharge product is favorable because of the instability of the oxalate species, confirming that the dielec. properties of the electrolyte play an important role in the formation of the discharge product. The resulting Li-CO2 battery exhibits improved battery performance, including a reduced overpotential and a remarkable discharge capacity as high as 14,000 mA h g-1 because of its lower internal resistance. We believe that this work provides insights for the design of Li-CO2 batteries with enhanced performance for practical Li-air battery applications.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces published new progress about Battery anodes. 143-24-8 belongs to class ethers-buliding-blocks, name is 2,5,8,11,14-Pentaoxapentadecane, and the molecular formula is C10H22O5, Product Details of C10H22O5.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem