Tag: 100-200

Hydrothermal processing of waste pine wood into industrially useful products was written by Gokhale, Jyoti S.;Hude, Moreshwar P.;Yadav, Ganapati D.;Thomas, Morgan;Kozinski, Janusz;Dalai, Ajay K.. And the article was included in Journal of the Indian Chemical Society in 2022.Related Products of 2380-78-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

An ongoing major outbreak of mountain pine beetle in Western Canada has provided a clear opportunity to utilize waste pinewood as a source of renewable energy. Therefore hydrothermal processing of waste pinewood as a feedstock for bio-oil and biochar production using subcritical and supercritical water technol. was carried out in semi-batch mode to investigate the effect of pressure (200-400 bar) and temperature (300-400°C) on the yield and composition of bio-oil. The pinewood samples have very high cellulose and hemicellulose content but low ash content and are thus a formidable feedstock for bioenergy production The optimum conditions for the hydrothermal processing of the pinewood in a tubular reactor were found to be 400°C and 250 bars with respect to biochar and bio-oil yield based on the highest calorific value anal. Detailed characterization of bio-oil and biochar was performed using GCMS, NMR, SEM, calorific value and elemental anal., resp. The critical components of bio-oil were found to be phenols, methoxyphenols, hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) and vanillin, whereas as compared to the raw pine wood, the biochar was considerably lower H:C and O:C ratios than those of the unprocessed pinewood. The analyzes of bio-oil by means of GCMS and ¹H NMR showed that it was mainly composed of heterocyclic compounds, phenols, aldehydes and acids. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Related Products of 2380-78-1).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Related Products of 2380-78-1

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Kinetics of the M-intermediate in the photocycle of bacteriorhodopsin upon chemical modification with surfactants was written by Chu, Li-Kang;El-Sayed, Mostafa A.. And the article was included in Photochemistry and Photobiology in 2010.Application In Synthesis of 2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The spectroscopic and kinetic studies of the interaction between bacteriorhodopsin in the M-intermediate and several surfactants (cetyl tri-Me ammonium bromide, dodecyl tri-Me ammonium bromide, diethylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether, sodium 1-decanesulfonate and sodium 1-heptanesulfonate) have been investigated using steady-state UV-VIS spectrometry and time-resolved absorption techniques. The steady-state spectral results show that bR retains its trimeric state. Time-resolved observations indicate that the rate of deprotonation of the protonated Schiff base increases in the presence of the cationic surfactants, whereas insignificant changes are observed in the neutral or anionic surfactants. The rate of the reprotonation of the Schiff base in the transition M → N is accelerated in anionic and neutral surfactants, but is decelerated in the presence of the cationic surfactants. Surfactants with a longer hydrocarbon tail have a greater effect on the kinetics when compared with surfactants having shorter hydrocarbon tails. The opposite effect is observed when the hydrophilic head of the surfactants contains opposite charges. These distinct kinetics are discussed in terms of the difference in the modified surface hydrophilicity of the bR and the possible protein configurational changes upon surfactant treatments. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4Application In Synthesis of 2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol).

2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4) belongs to ethers. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Application In Synthesis of 2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Chemical structure of semiochemicals and key binding sites together determine the olfactory functional modes of odorant-binding protein 2 in Eastern honey bee, Apis cerana was written by Li, Hong-Liang;Song, Xin-Mi;Wu, Fan;Qiu, Yi-Lei;Fu, Xiao-Bin;Zhang, Lin-Ya;Tan, Jing. And the article was included in International Journal of Biological Macromolecules in 2020.Quality Control of 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Insects can exhibit flexible olfaction that is sensitive to complex natural chem. environments. Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) in insects’ antennal chemosensilla can act as transporters of plant volatiles and pheromones across the sensillar lymph. Although the physiol. functions of OBPs have been widely reported, it is still unclear how OBP binds to ligands with various structures in detail. Here, we further investigated the ligand-binding modes and characteristics of AcerOBP2 from the Eastern honey bee (Apis cerana). The results showed that, as a specific protein distributed below the base of chemosensilla on the antennal surface, AcerOBP2 was strongly bound with the candidate floral volatiles and bee pheromones. By docking anal. and site-directed mutagenesis, four different binding modes were found in the five AcerOBP2 mutants between six ligands. Two key amino acids, Ser123 and Lys51, play a key role in AcerOBP2 binding to odors, depending on the presence or absence of hydrogen bonds. In addition, the binding modes depend on their chem. structures and the binding poses of the diverse ligands. These results not only further prompted the functional basis of the relationship between the chem. structures of odorants and bee OBPs, but also revealed the complexity of the flexible behavioral modes of odor binding in insect olfactory systems. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Quality Control of 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Quality Control of 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Extrapolation of hydroxytyrosol and its analogues as potential anti-inflammatory agents was written by Kumar, Naresh;Gorai, Biswajit;Gupta, Saurabh;Shiva;Goel, Nidhi. And the article was included in Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics in 2021.Related Products of 2380-78-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Discovery of potential lead mol. is a challenging, and complex process which require lots of money, patience, and manpower. Human beings are using natural products, predominantly secondary metabolites, for this purpose since ancient time and they are still working on them as a potent source for drug discovery due to their wide structural diversity. Phenolic phytochems. such as hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol are natural antioxidant and involved in many biol. disease cure. Herein, we have carried out the quantum chem. calculations for conformational anal., geometry optimization and computation of electronic as well as optical properties of hydroxytyrosol and its analogs (1a-1k) in terms of d. functional theory by using Gaussian 09 program suite. The eventual charge transfer within the mols. has been confirmed by the anal. of frontier MOs. The mol. docking studies of 1a-1k with cyclooxygenase-2 showed the noticeable binding affinity as compared to other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs viz. aspirin, naproxen and celecoxib. Computation of pharmacokinetics and pharmacol. properties confirmed the lead/drug like potential of these screened mols. Furthermore, the mol. dynamics simulation of best three docked ligands (1f, 1h and 1k)-receptor complex and their binding free energy calculations reveals that these mols. bind in the catalytic cavity of cyclooxygenase-2 and found stable during the 100 ns of simulation. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Related Products of 2380-78-1).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Related Products of 2380-78-1

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Glycerol acetals and ketals as bio-based solvents: positioning in Hansen and COSMO-RS spaces, volatility and stability towards hydrolysis and autoxidation was written by Moity, Laurianne;Benazzouz, Adrien;Molinier, Valerie;Nardello-Rataj, Veronique;Elmkaddem, Mohammed Kamal;de Caro, Pascale;Thiebaud-Roux, Sophie;Gerbaud, Vincent;Marion, Philippe;Aubry, Jean-Marie. And the article was included in Green Chemistry in 2015.Product Details of 112-59-4 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Four recently launched cyclic glycerol acetals or ketals are evaluated as bio-based solvents. Three of them are industrially available and result from the condensation of glycerol with formaldehyde, acetone and iso-Bu Me ketone. The fourth is under development and is prepared by the reaction of glycerol with benzaldehyde under heterogeneous acidic catalysis. Their solvent properties are evaluated through Hansen and COSMO-RS (COnductor-like Screening MOdel for Real Solvents) approaches, in comparison with traditional petrochem. solvents. Dioxolane- and dioxane-type isomers have close solubility parameters; however the nature of the starting aldehyde/ketone significantly impacts the solvency properties. The stability to hydrolysis depends heavily on both the aldehyde/ketone part and on the size of the ring. In acidic medium, acetals are found to be more stable than ketals and glycerol-based ketals are more stable than ethylene glycol-based ketals. In the case of benzaldehyde glycerol acetal, it is shown that the 6-membered ring isomer (dioxane-type) is approx. 8 times more stable than the 5-membered ring counterpart (dioxolane-type) at low pH. Stability towards autoxidation by O₂ is high for formaldehyde and acetone-derived acetals and drops for the other two compounds Glycerol acetals and ketals are promising potential alternatives to some harmful solvents such as glycol ethers and aniline. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4Product Details of 112-59-4).

2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4) belongs to ethers. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Product Details of 112-59-4

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Multi-dimensional in vitro bioactivity profiling for grouping of glycol ethers was written by Grimm, Fabian A.;House, John S.;Wilson, Melinda R.;Sirenko, Oksana;Iwata, Yasuhiro;Wright, Fred A.;Ball, Nicholas;Rusyn, Ivan. And the article was included in Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology in 2019.Formula: C10H22O3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In this study, we apply a suite of organotypic and population-based in vitro models for comprehensive bioactivity profiling of twenty E-Series and P-Series glycol ethers, solvents with a broad variation in toxicity ranging from relatively non-toxic to reproductive and hematopoetic system toxicants. Both E-Series and P-Series glycol ethers elicited cytotoxicity only at high concentrations (mM range) in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocytes and cardiomyocytes. Population-variability assessment comprised a study of cytotoxicity in 94 human lymphoblast cell lines from 9 populations and revealed differences in inter-individual variability across glycol ethers, but did not indicate population-specific effects. Data derived from various phenotypic and transcriptomic assays revealed consistent bioactivity trends between both cardiomyocytes and hepatocytes, indicating a more universal, rather than cell-type specific mode-of-action for the tested glycol ethers in vitro. In vitro bioactivity-based similarity assessment using Toxicol. Priority Index (ToxPi) showed that glycol ethers group according to their alc. chain length, longer chains were associated with increased bioactivity. While overall in vitro bioactivity profiles did not correlate with in vivo toxicity data on glycol ethers, in vitro bioactivity of E-series glycol ethers were indicative of and correlated with in vivo irritation scores. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4Formula: C10H22O3).

2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4) belongs to ethers. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Formula: C10H22O3

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Catalytic upgrading of Kraft lignin derived bio-oil in supercritical ethanol over different crystal size hierarchical nano-HZSM5 was written by Agarwal, Ashutosh;Park, Seong-Jae;Park, Jeong-Hun. And the article was included in Fuel in 2020.Application In Synthesis of 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In this study, different crystal size hierarchical nano-HZSM5 single crystals were hydrothermally synthesized by using a mixture with the molar composition of 3TPAOH:0.5Na₂O:0.5Al₂O₃:25SiO₂:xH₂O. Based upon the value of x, the synthesized nano-HZSM5 were designated as HZSM5-375, HZSM5-450 and HZSM5-750. These were characterized by XRD, TEM, EDS, NH₃-TPD, and N₂ adsorption/desorption isotherms. The synthesized zeolites exhibited large total surface area and mesopore volume than com. HZSM5-P38. These zeolites were employed for upgrading of Kraft lignin derived liquefaction bio-oil in a batch reactor at 300°C in supercritical ethanol. The chem. compositions of the upgraded bio-oil samples were determined by GC-MS and CHNS elemental anal. Among all the zeolites used in this research, HZSM5-375 was found to be the best catalyst for bio-oil upgrading due to its small crystal size and significantly large very-strong acid site content. Upon bio-oil upgrading, the HHV value of the stock bio-oil increased from 27.03 MJ/Kg to 30.85 MJ/Kg over HZSM5-375 zeolite. Lastly, the spent catalysts were rejuvenated and characterized by solid-state ²⁷Al/²⁹Si MAS-NMR and XRD techniques. The catalytic performance of rejuvenated HZSM5-375 zeolite was found to decrease due to the loss of Al atoms from the zeolite framework. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Application In Synthesis of 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Application In Synthesis of 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Particulate and gaseous emissions from charcoal combustion in barbecue grills was written by Vicente, E. D.;Vicente, A.;Evtyugina, M.;Carvalho, R.;Tarelho, L. A. C.;Oduber, F. I.;Alves, C.. And the article was included in Fuel Processing Technology in 2018.Product Details of 2380-78-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The use of charcoal for cooking and heating can be a major source of air pollution and lead to a wide range of health outcomes. The aim of this study was to exptl. quantify and characterize the gaseous and particulate matter (PM_2.5) emissions from charcoal combustion in a typical brick barbecue grill. The gaseous emission factors were 219±44.8gkg^-1 for carbon monoxide (CO), 3.01±0.698gkg^-1 for nitrogen oxides (NO_x expressed as NO₂), and 4.33±1.53gCkg^-1 for total organic carbon (TOC). Particle emissions (7.38±0.353gkg^-1 of dry charcoal burned) were of the same order of magnitude as those from traditional residential wood burning appliances. About 50% of the PM_2.5 emitted had a carbonaceous nature while water soluble ions accounted, on average, for 17% of the particulate mass. Alkanes (C₁₁-C₁₆ and C₂₃), hopanes, steranes and alkyl-PAHs accounted for small mass fractions of PM_2.5. Phenolic compounds and saccharides represented the major particle-bond organic constituents. The high proportion of either resin acids or syringyl and vanillyl compounds is consistent with emissions from charred coniferous wood. The ratios between anhydrosugars for charcoal are much lower than the values reported for lignite combustion, but overlap those from other biomass burning sources. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Product Details of 2380-78-1).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Product Details of 2380-78-1

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Fish-shaped diagram of liquid-liquid equilibria for the mixtures water + n-alkane + n-alkyl polyglycol ether was written by Matsuda, Hiroyuki;Nakazato, Yuki;Tsuchiya, Rei;Inoue, Yoshihiro;Kurihara, Kiyofumi;Tsuji, Tomoya;Tochigi, Katsumi;Ochi, Kenji. And the article was included in Fluid Phase Equilibria in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 112-59-4 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The aim of this work is to determine the fish-shaped diagram of liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE) of ternary mixtures of water + n-alkane + n-alkyl polyglycol ether (C_iE_j) using a cloud point method with laser scattering technique. n-Octane and n-dodecane were selected as the n-alkanes, and 2-butoxyethanol (C₄E₁) and 2-(2-hexyloxyethoxy)ethanol (C₆E₂) were selected as the n-alkyl polyglycol ethers. In the measurements of the ternary mixtures, the C_iE_j free basis mass fraction “α” of n-alkane was changed from 0.1 to 0.9. The exptl. fish-shaped diagrams were evaluated by comparing the exptl. cloud point data with the fish-shaped diagrams as well as the phase boundaries of tie-line and tie-triangle data in the mixtures of water + n-octane + C₄E₁ and water + n-dodecane + C₆E₂ reported in the literature. X-points where the fish body and fish tail intersect were determined from the exptl. cloud points, as well as the upper and lower critical point temperature of the fish-body. Changes in the phase diagram and X-points with different n-alkanes, C_iE_j, and the value of α were analyzed using the exptl. data. The LLE data of the mixture of water + C₆E₂, as one of the binary components of the ternary mixture, was also measured. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4HPLC of Formula: 112-59-4).

2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4) belongs to ethers. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.HPLC of Formula: 112-59-4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Cleaning properties of single-phase hydrocarbon-based microemulsion systems was written by Klier, J.;Suarez, R. S.;Green, D. P.;Kumar, A. M.;Hoffman, M.;Tucker, C. J.;Landes, B.;Redwine, D.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society in 1997.Computed Properties of C10H22O3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Single-phase hydrocarbon-based microemulsions with low volatile organic carbon levels were evaluated in terms of solvent-like cleaning properties, and can help meet regulatory requirements. The rheol. and petroleum jelly solubilization properties of model microemulsion systems that contained linear alkylbenzenesulfonate surfactant, diethylene glycol monohexyl ether co-surfactant, and equal volumes of hydrocarbon solvent and water were evaluated as a function of microemulsion structure and composition The hydrocarbons were linear alkanes C₅ to ₁₂. Single-phase microemulsions with low surfactant contents and broad formulation flexibility were obtained through the use of efficient anionic surfactants and low NaCl electrolyte levels. The microemulsion structure was advanced from solvent-continuous to water-continuous by varying the solvent alkane carbon number or the electrolyte content, whereas the liquid crystal content was controlled via cosurfactant concentration Both microemulsion structure and viscosity influenced solubilization rates. Low-viscosity, solvent-continuous microemulsions showed solubilization rates comparable to those found with solvent-based systems, while water-continuous microemulsions showed relatively poor solubilization rates. Microemulsions containing dispersed liquid crystals exhibited high viscosity and low solubilization rates. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4Computed Properties of C10H22O3).

2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4) belongs to ethers. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Computed Properties of C10H22O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem