Tag: 100-200

Transition-Metal-Free Alkylative Aromatization of Tetralones using Alcohols/Amino Alcohols Toward the Synthesis of Bioactive Naphthol and Benzo[e/g]indole Derivatives was written by Ubale, Akash S.;Londhe, Gokul S.;Shaikh, Moseen A.;Gnanaprakasam, Boopathy. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2022.Name: (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

Herein, the synthesis of bioactive naphthols I (R¹ = H, 6-Br, 6-MeO, 7-MeO; R² = Ph, 3-MeC₆H₄, 2-thienyl, etc.) and II or benzindoles III (R³ = Me, Et, PhCH₂, etc.) and IV by alkylative aromatization of the corresponding 1- and 2-tetralones with alcs. R²CH₂OH or amino alcs. H₂NCHR³CH₂OH in the presence of NaOH using aerobic oxidative cross-coupling protocol is reported. This is a general and transition-metal-free method, which uses an inexpensive base, does not require inert conditions, and furnishes water and hydrogen peroxide as byproducts. Moreover, this method is compatible with a wide substrate scope and showed exclusive regioselectivity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Name: (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Name: (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Microwave-assisted O-alkylation of carboxylic acids in dry media: Expeditious synthesis of 2-Oxo-2-arylethyl carboxylates was written by Li, Z.;Quan, Z. J.;Wang, X. C.. And the article was included in Chemical Papers in 2004.Reference of 1877-75-4 This article mentions the following:

Microwave-assisted O-alkylation reactions of carboxylic acids, such as aryloxyacetic acids, 4-chlorobenzoic acid, (un)substituted furoic acids, and benzofuroic acid, with (un)substituted ω-haloacetophenones in dry media under phase-transfer catalysis are described. 2-Oxo-2-arylethyl carboxylates are expeditiously synthesized by this method in high yield using Bu₄NBr as catalyst. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4Reference of 1877-75-4).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Reference of 1877-75-4

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Neotropical ant gardens: I. Chemical constituents was written by Seidel, J. L.;Epstein, W. W.;Davidson, D. W.. And the article was included in Journal of Chemical Ecology in 1990.Computed Properties of C8H8O3 This article mentions the following:

In ant gardens of lowland Amazonia, parabiotic ant species Camponotus femoratus and Crematogaster cf. limata parabiotica cultivate a taxonomically diverse group of epiphtic plants, whose establishment is restricted to arboreal carton ant nests. Epiphyte seeds are collected by workers of C. femoratus, the larger of the 2 ants, and stored unharmed in brood chambers where they subsequently germinate. Although seeds of some ant-garden epiphytes bear nutritional rewards, previous studies have shown that these rewards are not sufficient to explain the pattern of ant attraction to seeds. Five aromatic compounds occur frequently in and on the seeds of most ant garden epiphytes and may be chem. cues by which ants recognize propagules of their symbiotic plants. The most widely distributed of these is Me 6-methylsalicylate (6-MMS), previously reported as a major mandibular gland product in related Camponotus species and present in trace quantities in C. femoratus males. (-)-Citronellol (previously unreported in Camponotus) was the principal volatile constituent in extracts of male heads, and (-)-mellein was present in small quantities. Discovery of 6-MMS inside the mandibular glands of male C. femoratus (and its presence in analogous glands of related ants) offers preliminary support for Ule’s (1906) hypothesis that seeds attract ants by mimicking ant brood. In addition, the likely fungistatic activity of seed compounds suggests that they could retard microbial pathogens of ants and plants in the organic detritus of nest gardens. While the presence of identical seed compounds in so many unrelated plant lineages might represent a remarkable case of convergent evolution, other interpretations are possible. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 57179-35-8Computed Properties of C8H8O3).

3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 57179-35-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Computed Properties of C8H8O3

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Photodynamic Therapy Directed by Three-Photon Active Rigid Plane Organic Photosensitizer was written by Cao, Hongzhi;Fang, Bin;Liu, Jiejie;Shen, Yu;Shen, Jie;Xiang, Pan;Zhou, Qin;De Souza, Senio Campos;Li, Dandan;Tian, Yupeng;Luo, Lei;Zhang, Zhongping;Tian, Xiaohe. And the article was included in Advanced Healthcare Materials in 2021.Recommanded Product: 111-77-3 This article mentions the following:

Multi-photon photosensitizers (PSs) could significantly improve the efficacy of photodynamic therapy due to the long-wavelength favorability for deeper tissue penetration and lower biol. damage. However, most studies are limited to single-photon or two-photon PSs at a relatively short-wave excitation window. To overcome this barrier, we rationally design a series of rigid plane compounds with efficient reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in vitro under laser irradiation Furthermore, the studies show that one of the compounds (U-TsO) could induce rapid multi-types of cell death under three-photon exposure, suggesting a promising clin. outcome in ex vivo 3D multicellular tumor spheroid. This work offers a novel strategy to construct functional materials with competitive multi-photon photodynamic therapy (PDT) outcome. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Recommanded Product: 111-77-3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Recommanded Product: 111-77-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Microwave irradiation of lignocellulosic materials V. Effects of microwave irradiation on enzymic susceptibility of crystalline cellulose was written by Azuma, Junichi;Asai, Toshihiro;Isaka, Masao;Koshijima, Tetsuo. And the article was included in Journal of Fermentation Technology in 1985.Application In Synthesis of 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

The usefulness of various treatments was compared in the enzymic saccharification of microwave-irradiated crystalline cellulose (Whatman CF11). The variations include the extent of enzymic saccharification, the treatment temperature suitable for enzymic saccharification, and the effects of AcOH, lignin, and monomeric lignin model compounds on the extent of enzymic saccharification. The effects of microwave irradiation alone were evaluated. When cellulose suspended in water was heated above 180°, partial acid hydrolysis occurred. The extent of hydrolysis increased with an increase in temperature but did not exceed 3% even at 235°, where 0.03 mequiv of acid and cellooligosaccharides having a d.p. of 2-6 as well as glucose were produced. Although the presence of AcOH increased reducing sugar production by a factor of 2.2-3.8, lignin did not induce degradation of cellulose. The extent of enzymic saccharification of cellulose was greatly enhanced by microwave irradiation pretreatment in the presence of water above 220° and reached 43.2% at 240° at cellulose and enzyme concentrations of 2.0 and 0.2%, resp. The presence of AcOH facilitated the enzymic susceptibility and the extent of saccharification reached 69.2% at 240°. Lignin also facilitated the enzymic susceptibility but its action was limited to temperatures below 200°, above which lignin inhibited enzymic attack. The enhancement of the enzymic susceptibility by lignin was further promoted by the addition of AcOH. In this case, the maximal extent of saccharification was 41.5% at 200°, indicating that the temperature needed to reach 42-43% saccharification could be lowered for 40° by a synergistic effect between lignin and AcOH. Combinations of AcOH and monomeric lignin model compounds also show synergistic effects. However, lignin model compounds did not inhibit the enzyme reaction above 200° in contrast to the case of lignin. An unsaturated C-C double bond in the substituent of benzene ring seems to be important in the synergistic effect, whereas phenolic OH groups are of minor importance. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3Application In Synthesis of 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Application In Synthesis of 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Effects of zwitterionic molecules on ionic association in ethylene oxide-based electrolytes was written by Nguyen, Manh Tien;Shao, Qing. And the article was included in Fluid Phase Equilibria in 2020.Reference of 112-49-2 This article mentions the following:

This work investigates the effect of zwitterionic mols. on ionic association in ethylene oxide (EO)-based electrolytes using mol. dynamics simulations. Zwitterionic mols. can associate with cations and anions because they possess both pos. and neg. charged groups. This unique feature can be leveraged to develop electrolytes with high ionic conductivity if we understand how zwitterionic mols. influence ionic associations We investigate the ionic associations in the electrolytes composed of oligo(ethylene oxide) (EO) (EO_x, x = 2, 3, 4, and 5), LiTFSI and zwitterionic mols. containing cationic imidazole group and anionic sulfonate group using mol. dynamics simulations. The analyzed properties include the radial distribution functions between Li⁺, [TFSI]^–, EO_x and zwitterionic mols., the structures and dynamics of Li⁺-[TFSI]^–, Li⁺– EO_x and Li⁺-zwitterion associations, and the diffusion coefficients of Li⁺, [TFSI]^–, EO_x and zwitterionic mols. The simulation results show two distinct effects of zwitterionic mols. on ionic associations in the electrolytes. First, they could release Li⁺ from the trapping effect of EO_x chains and accelerate Li⁺ transport. Second, they can associate with Li⁺ themselves and slow down the Li⁺ transport. The competition between these two effects relates to the length of the EO_x chains. Our simulations suggest that zwitterionic mols. could help manipulate the ionic conductivity of polyethylene oxide electrolytes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Reference of 112-49-2).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Reference of 112-49-2

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Coenzyme Q₀ Enhances Ultraviolet B-Induced Apoptosis in Human Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast (MCF-7) Cancer Cells was written by Wang, Hui-Min;Yang, Hsin-Ling;Thiyagarajan, Varadharajan;Huang, Tzu-Hsiang;Huang, Pei-Jane;Chen, Ssu-Ching;Liu, Jer-Yuh;Hsu, Li-Sung;Chang, Hsueh-Wei;Hseu, You-Cheng. And the article was included in Integrative Cancer Therapies in 2017.Related Products of 605-94-7 This article mentions the following:

Coenzyme Q₀ (CoQ₀; 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone), a major active constituent of Antrodia camphorata, has been shown to inhibit human triple-neg. breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cells through induction of apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest. Ecol. studies have suggested a possible association between UV B (UVB) radiation and reduction in the risk of breast cancer. However, the underlying mechanism of the combination of CoQ₀ and UVB in human estrogen receptor-pos. breast cancer (MCF-7) remains unclear. In this study, the possible effect of CoQ₀ on inducing apoptosis in MCF-7 cells under exposure to low-dose UVB (0.05 J/cm²) has been investigated. CoQ₀ treatment (0-35μM, for 24-72 h) inhibits moderately the growth of breast cancer MCF-7 cells, and the cell viability was significantly decreased when the cells were pretreated with UVB irradiation It was noted that there was a remarkable accumulation of subploid cells, the so-called sub-G1 peak, in CoQ₀-treated cells by using flow cytometric anal., which suggests that the viability reduction observed after treatment may result from apoptosis induction in MCF-7 cells. CoQ₀ caused an elevation of reactive oxygen species, as indicated by dichlorofluorescein fluorescence, and UVB pretreatment significantly increased CoQ₀-induced reactive oxygen species generation in MCF-7 cells. In addition, cells were exposed to CoQ₀, and the induction of DNA damage was evaluated by single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). CoQ₀-induced DNA damage was remarkably enhanced by UVB pretreatment. Furthermore, CoQ₀ induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, which was associated with PARP degradation, Bcl-2/Bax dysregulation, and p53 expression as shown by western blot. Collectively, these findings suggest that CoQ₀ might be an important supplemental agent for treating patients with breast cancer. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7Related Products of 605-94-7).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Related Products of 605-94-7

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Preparation and properties of waterborne epoxy acrylate emulsion was written by Peng, Jun;Zhang, Xi-wen;Du, Zhu-kang;Ren, Bi-ye. And the article was included in Xiandai Tuliao Yu Tuzhuang in 2021.Quality Control of 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol This article mentions the following:

A water-based epoxy acrylate emulsifier was synthesized. The feeding ratio of n (mole of epoxy group): n (mole of carboxyl group)=1.0:1.1 should be used to obtain a good emulsifier. The structure was characterized by NMR and the reactivity of the emulsifier was proved. When the added amount is 40% during emulsification, a stable emulsion can be obtained, and the amount of emulsifier used is small. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Quality Control of 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Quality Control of 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Bimetallic CoMoO₄@C nanorod catalyzes one-pot synthesis of benzimidazoles from benzyl alcohol and o-phenylendiamine without alkali was written by Xiong, Yucong;Wang, Kaizhi;Ma, Lei;Zhu, Jiukang;Miao, Yujia;Gong, Li;Mu, Xiao;Wan, Jiang;Li, Rong. And the article was included in Applied Organometallic Chemistry in 2022.Safety of (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

Benzimidazoles possess a series of applications for industrial chem. and biomedicine. However, the complicated synthetic steps and harsh reaction conditions limit its further development. Herein, authors reported an efficient, environmentally friendly, and stable bimetallic CoMoO4@C catalyst, which used low-cost cobalt and molybdenum as the basic raw material. In base-free conditions, it has been proved that the yield could achieve to 99.9% for the synthesis of benzimidazoles with liberating water as the sole byproduct, and the catalyst remains stable and efficient even after five successive cycle tests. Addnl., experiments and characterizations confirm the good oxidation activity of the catalyst benefits from the numerous oxygen vacancies provided by the high concentration of low-valent cobalt (Co²⁺) and the doping of carbon improves the intermol. transport of electrons. Furthermore, this strategy could potentially be applied in the industrial production of benzimidazoles. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Safety of (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Safety of (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis of Platinum-Containing Conjugated Polymers Having QuinoxP* and Bipyridine Ligands. Chirality Transfer from the Phosphine Ligand to the Polymer Backbone was written by Marumoto, Manabu;Sotani, Taichi;Miyagi, Yu;Yajima, Tatsuo;Sano, Natsuhiro;Sanda, Fumio. And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2020.Recommanded Product: 111-77-3 This article mentions the following:

Platinum (Pt)-containing novel conjugated polymers, poly(1-2a)-poly(1-2d) having bipyridine ligands were synthesized by the Sonogashira-Hagihara coupling polymerization of [Pt(4,4′-dibromo-2,2′-bipyridine)((R,R)-2,3-bis(tert-butylmethylphosphino)quinoxaline)(trifluoromethanesulfonate)₂] (1) coordinated with 4,4′-dibromo-2,2′-bipyridine/(R,R)-2,3-bis(tert-butylmethylphosphino)quinoxaline [(R,R)-QuinoxP*] and 1,4-diethynylbenzene (2a), 1,4-diethynyl-2,5-bis(heptyloxy)benzene (2b), 1,4-diethynyl-2,5-bis(2-ethylhexyloxy)benzene (2c), and 1,4-diethynyl-2,5-bis(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)benzene (2d). Poly(1-2d) exhibited CD signals derived from (R,R)-QuinoxP* and the conjugated main chain around 290 and 440 nm in DMF, resp. The simulated CD spectroscopic pattern of a low mol. model compound, M1-Pt, agreed well with the observed spectra. The TEM images of poly(1-2d) in the solid state exhibited dispersed patterns with sizes around 10 nm. Concentrated solutions of polymer 1-2d in DMF and CHCl₃ partly exhibited patterns assignable to the formation of lyotropic liquid crystals. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Recommanded Product: 111-77-3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Recommanded Product: 111-77-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem