Tag: 100-200

High-performance lithium-sulfur batteries enabled by regulating Li₂S deposition was written by Lin, Qiaowei;Huang, Ling;Liu, Wenhua;Li, Zejian;Fang, Ruopian;Wang, Da-Wei;Yang, Quan-Hong;Lv, Wei. And the article was included in Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics in 2021.Product Details of 112-49-2 This article mentions the following:

Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) have received intensive attention in recent years due to their high theor. energy d. derived from the lithiation of sulfur. In the discharge process, sulfur transforms into lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) that dissolve in liquid electrolytes and then into insoluble Li₂S precipitated on the electrode surface. The electronically and ionically insulating Li₂S leads to two critical issues, including the sluggish reaction kinetics from LiPSs to Li₂S and the passivation of the electrode. In this regard, controlling the Li₂S deposition is significant for improving the performance of LSBs. In this perspective, we have summarized the recent achievements in regulating the Li2S deposition to enhance the performance of LSBs, including the solution-mediated growth of Li2S, sulfur host enhanced nucleation and catalysis induced kinetic improvement. Moreover, the challenges and possibilities for future research studies are discussed, highlighting the significance of regulating the Li₂S deposition to realize the high electrochem. performance and promote the practical uses of LSBs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Product Details of 112-49-2).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Product Details of 112-49-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

1-[(Ethoxyamino)methyl]-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-7,8-dimethoxy-2-benzoxepins: a new class of antianaphylactic agents was written by TenBrink, Ruth E.;McCall, John M.;Johnson, Herbert G.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 1980.Reference of 3929-47-3 This article mentions the following:

Benzoxepinylethanolamines I [RR¹ = (CH₂CH₂)₂NR², R² = 2-MeOC₆H₄, 2-pyridyl, 4-FC₆H₄, Me; R = H, R¹ = CH₂CH₂OH] were prepared in 62-92% yields. Reduction of 3,4-(MeO)₂C₆H₃CH₂CH₂CO₂H followed by cyclocondensation with BrCH₂CH(OEt)₂ gave II (R³ = CH₂Br, III). Treating III with HOCH₂CH₂OH in the presence of Et₃N gave II (R³ = CH₂OCH₂CH₂OH) which was esterified by 4-O₂NC₆H₄SO₂Cl and stirred with IV (R² = 2-MeOC₆H₄) in the presence of Et₃N at 25° for 24 h to give I [RR¹= (CH₂CH₂)₂NC₆H₄OMe-2]. Heating III with ClCH₂CH₂OH in the presence of BaCO₃ at 90° for 46 h gave II (R³ = CH₂OCH₂CH₂Cl) which was treated with IV (R² = 2-pyridyl, 4-FC₆H₄, Me) or HOCH₂CH₂NH₂ to give the corresponding I. The arylpiperazine compounds I [RR¹ = (CH₂CH₂)₂NR², R² = 2-MeOC₆H₄, 2-pyridyl 4-FC₆H₄] had good activity, i.e., 100%, 94% and 52% inhibition resp., in the rat passive cutaneous anaphylaxis test at 50 mg/kg, p.o. I [RR¹ = (CH₂CH₂)₂NMe, R¹ = H, R¹ = CH₂CH₂OH] were both inactive. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3Reference of 3929-47-3).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Reference of 3929-47-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Derivatives of xanthates and aromatic nitro and amino compounds was written by Csuros, Zoltan;Rusznak, Istvan. And the article was included in Magyar Chemiai Folyoirat in 1944.Electric Literature of C8H9NO3 This article mentions the following:

Cellulose xanthate, dry or in solution, can be stabilized by salts of aromatic nitro sulfonic acids, e.g. m-O₂NC₆H₄SO₈H (I). The structure of the products was proved by model experiments with simple xanthates which gave crystalline derivatives Alkali salts (except K) of I, m-O₂NC₆H₄NH₂, PhNO₂, and m-O₂NC₆H₄NHAc, seem to be effective as stabilizers. The products are esters of PhNHCSOH formed according to the equation 4RNO₂ + 6R’OCS₂Na + 3H₂O = 4RNHCSOR’ (II) + 3Na₂S₂O₃ + CO₂ + CS₂ + 2R’OH. The following II were prepared Thiocarbanilates, PhNHCSOR (R’ given): Me (32.5% from MeOCS₂Na in 90% MeOH with PhNO₂), m. 97.5° (S 18.93, N 8.27, PhNH₂ 46.35-7.92%); Et (27.2% from EtOCS₂Na in 90% EtOH), m. 70° (S 18.1, N 7.68, PhNH₂ 45.55-7.00%); iso-Bu (35.7% from iso-BuOCS₂Na in 90% EtOH), m. 75° (S 15.0, N 6.6%). m-Sulfothiocarbanilates: Me (67.6% from MeOCS₂Na and m-O₂NC₆H₄SO₂Na (III) in MeOH), contained S 24.0, N 5.18%; Et (88.1%), m. 270-5° (S 22.10, N 4.85, PhNH₂ 27.2-8.9%); iso-Bu (58.8%), m. 243-5° (S 19.9, N 4.39%); glyceryl (34.5% from glycerol xanthate and III in aqueous EtOH 4 h. at 35° and 20 mm.), amorphous, m. 153-5° (S 19.31, N 4.31%). Cellulose xanthate (7%) diluted with water and treated with 5-10% AcOH, the liberated H₂S removed, and the solution treated with III 10 h. as above, gives a product (S 12.02, N 2.13, PhNH₂ 12.3-13.9%), identical with that obtained by Lilienfeld; the same compound was obtained by treating 7% cellulose xanthate with NaOH, centrifuging, mixing with III, treating with CS₂, again dissolving in NaOH, and precipitating with saturated NaCl solution Me m-acetamidothiocarbanilate, m. 168° (N 12.39, S 14.37%), was obtained in 69.3% yield from MeOCS₂Na and m-O₂NC₆H₄NHAc in 60% MeOH and AcOH heated 15 h. at 60°; Et ester (64.6%), m. 154° (N 11.61, S 13.64%). Me m-nitrothiocarbanilate (45% from MeOCS₂Na and m-O₂NC₆H₄NH₂ in 60% MeOH and a bit of solid KOH heated 50 h. on a water bath), m. 119° (S 15.0, N 13.16%); Et ester, m. 115° (S 14.24, N 12.22%). The methods proposed by Orndorff and Richmond [Am. Chem. J. 22, 458(1899)] and Hofmann [Ber. 2, 120 (1889)] were also tested. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8Electric Literature of C8H9NO3).

3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Electric Literature of C8H9NO3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis of symmetrical secondary oligoethylene glycolated amines from diethanolamine was written by Yang, Hao;Li, Yu;Lin, Ruoyun;Ouyang, Zhen;Han, Mingli;Zhu, Lijun;Chen, Shizhen;Zhou, Xin;Jiang, Zhong-Xing. And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2022.Formula: C5H12O3 This article mentions the following:

Monodisperse oligoethylene glycols (M-OEGs)-containing sym. secondary amines are highly valuable synthetic intermediates in drug development and materials sciences. Scalable three-step synthesis of M-OEGs secondary amines with flexible M-OEGs and/or alkyl chains is described herein. Through reduction amination of diethanolamine, Williamson ether synthesis, and subsequent deprotection, a series of M-OEGs secondary amines with diverse and fine-tunable chem. structures were conveniently prepared The presented strategy is attractive with readily available starting materials, simple catalytic systems, scalable synthesis, and avoids the use of explosive sodium azide. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Formula: C5H12O3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Formula: C5H12O3

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Isothermal Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium of the Absorption Working Pairs (HFC-32 + DMETrEG, HFC-32 + NMP) at Temperatures from 293.15 to 343.15 K was written by Fang, Yibo;Gao, Zanjun;Bao, Kangli;Huang, Jiongliang;Ji, Xiaosheng;Han, Xiaohong;Chen, Guangming. And the article was included in Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data in 2019.Application In Synthesis of 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane This article mentions the following:

The working pairs of HFCs + organic absorption solvents are commonly used in absorption systems. In this work, the vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data of HFC-32 + DMETrEG at (293.15-343.15) K and HFC-32 + NMP at (323.15-343.15) K were measured in a dual cycle apparatus The VLE data were correlated by Antione-type equation, NRTL, and PR + MHV1 + NRTL model, resp. The predicted VLE data showed a good agreement with the exptl. VLE data. NRTL model was recommended to predict the VLE data and characteristic of solution for HFC-32 + DMETrEG and HFC-32 + NMP, compared to PR + MHV1 + NRTL model. The comparison of VLE characteristics for five binary mixtures (HFC-32 + DMETrEG, HFC-32 + NMP, HFC-32 + DMF, HFC-32 + DMAC, and HFC-32 + DMEDEG) was carried out. The system pressures of HFC-32 + DMETrEG and HFC-32 + NMP were lower than other three mixtures, and the neg. deviations from Raoult’s law of HFC-32 + DMETrEG and HFC-32 + NMP were larger than the others, which indicated that the two mixtures were more suitable as the working fluids for absorption system. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Application In Synthesis of 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Application In Synthesis of 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Rational design, synthesis and biological evaluation of ubiquinone derivatives as IDO1 inhibitors was written by Ding, Yuyang;Tang, Fei;Xue, Xiaoqian;Luo, Jinfeng;Hussain, Muzammal;Huang, Yanhui;Wang, Zhen;Jiang, Hao;Tu, Zhengchao;Zhang, Jiancun. And the article was included in Bioorganic Chemistry in 2019.Related Products of 605-94-7 This article mentions the following:

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer, chronic viral infections and neurol. disorders characterized by pathol. immune stimulation. Herein, a series of known metal-chelating ubiquinone derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for the IDO1 inhibiting activities. The docking studies showed that the compounds I (R = Me or H, R¹ = Ph, 3-MeC₆H₅, 3-OMeC₆H₅, etc.) and coenzyme-Q1 exhibited different binding modes to IDO1 protein. Among these compounds, the most active compound is I (R = H, R¹ = 3-BrC₆H₅) with an IC₅₀ of 0.13 μM in enzymic assay. The results reveal that a possible halogen bonding interaction between the bromine atom (3-Br) and Cys129 significantly enhances the inhibition activity against IDO1. This study provides structural insights of the interactions between ubiquinone analogs and IDO1 protein for the further modification and optimization. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7Related Products of 605-94-7).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Related Products of 605-94-7

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Experimental and theoretical studies on the pyrolysis mechanism of β-1-type lignin dimer model compound was written by Jiang, Xiao-Yan;Lu, Qiang;Ye, Xiao-Ning;Hu, Bin;Dong, Chang-Qing. And the article was included in BioResources in 2016.Recommanded Product: 3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde This article mentions the following:

A β-1-type lignin dimer, 1,2-bis(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propane-1,3-diol was employed as a model compound in this study. The pyrolysis mechanisms and formation pathways of the pyrolytic products were investigated by using d. functional theory (DFT) calculations and anal. pyrolysis-gas chromatog./mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). Four possible initial pyrolysis mechanisms were proposed, including the C_α-C_β homolysis mechanism and three concerted decomposition mechanisms (1, 2, and 3). Results indicated that the lignin dimer decomposed via two concerted decomposition mechanisms, forming 3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde, 1,3-dimethoxy-5-vinylbenzene, 3-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde, and 3-methoxybenzaldehyde. 3,5-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde was the major product, accounting for greater than 50% of all pyrolytic products. In addition to the two concerted decomposition mechanisms, C_α-C_β homolysis was a secondary pyrolysis mechanism during the lignin dimer pyrolysis process, and the pyrolytic products included 3,5-dimethoxybenzyl alc., 3,5-dimethoxyphenethyl alc., 1,3-dimethoxybenzene, and 1,3-dimethoxy-5-methylbenzene. A third concerted decomposition mechanism was judged to be the least likely pathway to occur because of the high activation energy requirement. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 57179-35-8Recommanded Product: 3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde).

3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 57179-35-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Recommanded Product: 3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Toward practical issues: Identification and mitigation of the impurity effect in glyme solvents on the reversibility of Mg plating/stripping in Mg batteries was written by Yang, Zhenzhen;Yang, Mengxi;Hahn, Nathan T.;Connell, Justin;Bloom, Ira;Liao, Chen;Ingram, Brian J.;Trahey, Lynn. And the article was included in Frontiers in Chemistry (Lausanne, Switzerland) in 2022.Quality Control of 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane This article mentions the following:

Reversible electrochem. magnesium plating/stripping processes are important for the development of high-energy-d. Mg batteries based on Mg anodes. Ether glyme solutions such as monoglyme (G1), diglyme (G2), and triglyme (G3) with the MgTFSI2 salt are one of the conventional and commonly used electrolytes that can obtain the reversible behavior of Mg electrodes. However, the electrolyte cathodic efficiency is argued to be limited due to the enormous parasitic reductive decomposition and passivation, which is governed by impurities. In this work, a systematic identification of the impurities in these systems and their effect on the Mg deposition-dissolution processes is reported. The mitigation methods generally used for eliminating impurities are evaluated, and their beneficial effects on the improved reactivity are also discussed. By comparing the performances, we proposed a necessary conditioning protocol that can be easy to handle and much safer toward the practical application of MgTFSI2/glyme electrolytes containing impurities. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Quality Control of 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Quality Control of 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

1,2,3-Benzotrianzin-4-ones and related systems. II. Thermolytic decomposition of substituted 1,2,3-benzotriazin-4-ones and isatoic anhydrides was written by Archer, John G.;Barker, Alan J.;Smalley, Robert K.. And the article was included in Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1: Organic and Bio-Organic Chemistry (1972-1999) in 1973.HPLC of Formula: 5367-32-8 This article mentions the following:

Thermolysis of substituted 1,2,3-benzotriazin-4-ones gave 2-(2-amino- phenyl)-3,1-benzoxazin-4-ones. Thus, 7-chloro-1,2,3-benzotriazin-4-one (I) gave 2-(2-amino-4-chloro- phenyl)-7-chloro-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one (II). Substituted isatoic anhydrides behaved similarly. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8HPLC of Formula: 5367-32-8).

3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.HPLC of Formula: 5367-32-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Tandem catalytic oxidative deacetylation of acetoacetic esters and heteroaromatic cyclizations was written by Ju, Yeming;Miao, Di;Yu, Ruiyang;Koo, Sangho. And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2015.Computed Properties of C8H9NO3 This article mentions the following:

One pot syntheses of furan, thiophene, and pyrrole were accomplished by oxidative deacetylation using Mn(III)/Co(II) catalysts and the Paal-Knorr reaction from 1,5-dicarbonyl compounds, which are prepared from the conjugate addition of Et acetoacetate to α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds The oxidative deacetylation and reductive cyclization of β-ketoesters derived from Et acetoacetate and o-nitrobenzyl bromides efficiently produced diversely substituted indoles. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8Computed Properties of C8H9NO3).

3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Computed Properties of C8H9NO3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem