Tag: 100-200

Chemotaxonomic potential of exocrine alkyl esters in julid millipedes (Diplopoda: Julidae: Cylindroiulini) was written by Bodner, Michaela;Vagalinski, Boyan;Raspotnig, Guenther. And the article was included in Biochemical Systematics and Ecology in 2018.Synthetic Route of C9H10O4 This article mentions the following:

There are numerous chemotaxonomic studies on arthropods, but such are largely missing for millipedes. This appears curious since particularly in millipedes, the major taxa are clearly distinctive by different exocrine products, such as alkaloids (Glomerida), terpenoids (Polyzoniida), phenolics and cyanogens (Polydesmida), and benzoquinones (Juliformia). However, there is low within-taxon variation of the chems. mentioned which – in almost invariable blends – characterize the particular taxa. The Julida, for instance, one of the three orders of Juliformia, typically produce uniformly composed benzoquinonic secretion profiles across most species, not showing enough heterogeneity for chemotaxonomy. Recently, however, a new class of julid exocrine products, namely complex bends of alkyl esters has been reported. We here tested the chemotaxonomic potential of these compounds by performing a comprehensive study on alkyl esters across the julid tribe Cylindroiulini. Exocrine secretions of 20 species from all five cylindroiuline genera (Allajulus, Cylindroiulus, Enantiulus, Kryphioiulus, Styrioiulus) were analyzed by gas chromatog. – mass spectrometry. Apart from typical benzoquinones, 33 alkyl esters and 1 alkenyl ester belonging to hexyl-, octyl-, octenyl- and nonyl-esters with saturated and mono-unsaturated acid moieties ranging from C₁₃ – C₁₈ were detected. Only two species (Cylindroiulus caeruleocinctus and C. luridus) exhibited no esters at all. Ester profiles appeared to be specific, indicating five major chem. groups in cylindroiulines, characterized by specific ester arrangements. We here provide evidence for (i) the widespread occurrence of alkyl esters in the Julidae, (ii) their high specificity, (iii) their intra-species stability, (iv) along with sufficient inter-species variability, rendering them promising novel tools for millipede chemotaxonomy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7Synthetic Route of C9H10O4).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Synthetic Route of C9H10O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Bismuth(III)-mandelate/DMSO: a new oxidizing system for the catalyzed carbon-carbon cleavage of epoxides was written by Zevaco, Thomas;Dunach, Elisabet;Postel, Michele. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 1993.Recommanded Product: 1877-75-4 This article mentions the following:

Bi(III)-mandelate was found to be an effective catalyst for the oxidative C-C bond cleavage of epoxides and their transformation into carboxylic acids in anhydrous DMSO medium. Thus, 1,7-octadiene 1,2-oxide (I) was treated with the title catalyst in Me₂SO at 90° for 24 h to give 50% CH₂:CH(CH₂)₄CO₂H. Similar treatment of styrene oxide at 75° for 22 h gave 60% PhCO₂H. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4Recommanded Product: 1877-75-4).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Recommanded Product: 1877-75-4

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Straightforward synthesis of nonconjugated cyclohex-3-enone and conjugated 4-methylenecyclohex-2-enone derivatives was written by Kuttner, Julian R.;Warratz, Svenja;Hilt, Gerhard. And the article was included in Synthesis in 2012.Application of 16356-02-8 This article mentions the following:

The synthesis of nonconjugated cyclohex-3-enones via the regiodivergent cobalt-catalyzed Diels-Alder reactions of 2-(trimethylsilyloxy)buta-1,3-diene with alkynes and hydrolysis of the dihydroarom. intermediates is described. The application of bidentate phosphine ligands vs. pyridine-imine ligands led to the regioselective formation of one out of the two possible regioisomeric products when terminal or unsym. substituted alkynes were applied. The cyclohex-3-enone products were isolated mostly in good yields without isomerization of the carbon-carbon double bond into conjugation based on the mild reaction conditions. The use of acetoxymethyl-substituted alkynes led to the conjugated 4-methylenecyclohex-2-enones after deprotection of the silyl enol ether. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8Application of 16356-02-8).

1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Application of 16356-02-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Construction of substituted pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolines via [5+1] cyclization of pyrazole-arylamines with alcohols/amines in one pot was written by Tang, Dong;Mu, Yangxiu;Iqbal, Zafar;He, Lili;Jiang, Rui;Hou, Jing;Yang, Zhixiang;Yang, Minghua. And the article was included in Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry in 2022.Safety of (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

An efficient protocol had been developed for the synthesis of pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinoline derivatives I [R¹ = Me, Ph, 3-pyridyl, etc.; R² = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-ClC₆H₄, 4-BrC₆H₄, 4-NCC₆H₄; R³ = Ph, 1-naphthyl, 2-thienyl, etc.], by reacting (1H-pyrazol-5-yl)anilines and readily available alcs./amines. A wide range of substrates with diverse functional groups were smoothly converted to the corresponding products in moderate to good yields, under optimal reaction conditions. Furthermore, the strategy also proceeded well with thiol and amino acid to access pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinoline derivatives In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Safety of (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Safety of (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

A Natural Product Inspired Tetrahydropyran Collection Yields Mitosis Modulators that Synergistically Target CSE1L and Tubulin was written by Voigt, Tobias;Gerding-Reimers, Claas;Ngoc Tran, Tuyen Thi;Bergmann, Sabrina;Lachance, Hugo;Schoelermann, Beate;Brockmeyer, Andreas;Janning, Petra;Ziegler, Slava;Waldmann, Herbert. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2013.HPLC of Formula: 3929-47-3 This article mentions the following:

A collection of 150 tetrahydropyran derivatives are prepared via Prins cyclization. Of theses compounds, tubulexins A (I), B and C are identified which are modulators of mitosis and inhibit tubulin polymerization In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3HPLC of Formula: 3929-47-3).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.HPLC of Formula: 3929-47-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Mono-N-Alkylation of Sulfonamides with Alcohols Catalyzed by Iridium N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Phosphine Complexes was written by Li, Xingzhen;Peters, Bram B. C.;Tan, Min;He, Lei;Yang, Jianping;Andersson, Pher G.;Zhou, Taigang. And the article was included in Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2022.Application of 105-13-5 This article mentions the following:

A N-heterocyclic carbene-phosphine iridium complex was presented for the efficient and selective mono-N-alkylation of sulfonamides with alcs. based on a borrowing hydrogenation strategy. Herein, water was the only byproduct and this methodol. thus offered a more environmentally benign and interesting alternative to the use of traditional alkylating reagents. This facile protocol tolerated a large number of (hetero) aromatic and aliphatic sulfonamides as well as (hetero) aromatic and aliphatic alcs. to obtain the desired product is high isolated yield (up to 98%). The alkylation completely retarded after the formation of the secondary sulfonamide and no over-alkylation was observed in all cases. The option to run the reaction under solvent-free conditions as well as the scalability of this borrowing hydrogenation were key features of this protocol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Application of 105-13-5).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Application of 105-13-5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Insights into the polymerization kinetics of thermoresponsive polytrimethylene carbonate bearing a methoxyethoxy side group was written by Brissenden, Amanda J.;Amsden, Brian G.. And the article was included in Journal of Polymer Science (Hoboken, NJ, United States) in 2020.Product Details of 111-77-3 This article mentions the following:

The ring-opening polymerization kinetics of 5-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)-ethoxymethyl]-5-methyl-1,3-dioxa-2-one (TMOE-2) and 5-[2-{2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyoxy}-ethoxymethyl]-5-methyl-1,3-dioxa-2-one (TMOE-3) was investigated using different catalysts with the aim to improve control over mol. weight The possibility of monomer impurities driving the variability in mol. weight that has been seen in different reports, was assessed and evidence of catalysis via an imidazole impurity was found. The catalysts 1,5,7-triazobicyclo(4.4.0)dec-5-ene (TBD), hydrogen chloride in di-Et ether (HCl.Et₂O), stannous 2-ethylhexanoate (SnOct₂), and catalyst free thermal polymerizations were conducted to understand the mechanisms influencing the mol. weight TBD and HCl.Et₂O consistently achieved high conversion of the monomer; however, mol. weights greater than 7,000 Da could not be achieved due to competing side reactions. SnOct₂ catalyzed and catalyst free thermal polymerizations were highly influenced by monomer purity and achieved lower conversion than TBD and HCl.Et₂O. Understanding these mechanisms will guide future synthesis of poly(TMOE-2) and poly(TMOE-3) for biomedical applications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Product Details of 111-77-3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Product Details of 111-77-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Chemical Constituents from the Fungus Antrodia cinnamomea was written by Wu, Ming-Der;Cheng, Ming-Jen;Chen, Yen-Lin;Hsun-Hsuo-Chang;Kuo, Yueh-Hsiung;Lin, Chih-Chuan;Wu, Ho-Cheng. And the article was included in Natural Product Communications in 2019.Related Products of 605-94-7 This article mentions the following:

A new benzenoid, 4-methoxy-7-methylbenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ol (1) and three known secondary metabolites 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl[1,4]benzoquinone (2), 2-methoxy-6-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone (3) and 5-methyl-benzo[1,3]dioxole-4,7-diol (4) were isolated from the mycelia of A. cinnamomea BCRC 36799 by solid state fermentation with adlay. Their chem. structures were elucidated on the basis of HRESIMS, NMR spectroscopic data and comparison with reported values. All isolated compounds 1-4 were tested for their cytotoxicity against the six cancer cell lines using the MTT assay. Among them, compound 3 displayed significant cytotoxic effects toward all six tested cancer cell lines, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 2.8-8.7 μM in vitro. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7Related Products of 605-94-7).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Related Products of 605-94-7

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Comprehensive transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of antroquinonol biosynthetic genes and enzymes in Antrodia camphorata was written by Liu, Xiaofeng;Xia, Yongjun;Zhang, Yao;Yang, Caiyun;Xiong, Zhiqiang;Song, Xin;Ai, Lianzhong. And the article was included in AMB Express in 2020.COA of Formula: C9H10O4 This article mentions the following:

Abstract: Antroquinonol (AQ) has several remarkable bioactivities in acute myeloid leukemia and pancreatic cancer, but difficulties in the mass production of AQ hamper its applications. Currently, mol. biotechnol. methods, such as gene overexpression, have been widely used to increase the production of metabolites. However, AQ biosynthetic genes and enzymes are poorly understood. In this study, an integrated study coupling RNA-Seq and isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) were used to identify AQ synthesis-related genes and enzymes in Antrodia camphorata during coenzyme Q₀-induced fermentation (FM). The upregulated genes related to acetyl-CoA synthesis indicated that acetyl-CoA enters the mevalonate pathway to form the farnesyl tail precursor of AQ. The metE gene for an enzyme with Me transfer activity provided sufficient Me groups for AQ structure formation. The CoQ2 and ubiA genes encode p-hydroxybenzoate polyprenyl transferase, linking coenzyme Q₀ and the polyisoprene side chain to form coenzyme Q₃. NADH is transformed into NAD+ and releases two electrons, which may be beneficial for the conversion of coenzyme Q₃ to AQ. Understanding the biosynthetic genes and enzymes of AQ is important for improving its production by genetic means in the future. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7COA of Formula: C9H10O4).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.COA of Formula: C9H10O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

New highly soluble triarylamine-based materials as promising catholytes for redox flow batteries was written by Romadina, Elena I.;Volodin, Ivan A.;Stevenson, Keith J.;Troshin, Pavel A.. And the article was included in Journal of Materials Chemistry A: Materials for Energy and Sustainability in 2021.Computed Properties of C5H12O3 This article mentions the following:

A series of arylamines bearing oligoethylene glycol ether solubilizing moieties were designed and comprehensively evaluated as promising catholyte materials for non-aqueous redox flow batteries (RFBs). The triphenylamine core maintains the chem. stability of the radical cation, the ethylene glycol chains enhance the solubility up to complete miscibility with organic solvents, and the electron-withdrawing bromine substituents increase the redox potential of the compounds up to 0.61 V vs. Ag/AgNO₃. The best material showed 99% coulombic efficiency in combination with good stability in over 50 charge-discharge cycles in laboratory RFB cells. The designed triarylamine-based catholyte materials appear promising for the development of next-generation high-voltage and high-capacity RFBs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Computed Properties of C5H12O3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Computed Properties of C5H12O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem