Tag: 100-200

Liquid-liquid phase-change absorption of hydrogen sulfide by superbase 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene and its chemical regeneration was written by Xu, Zhiyong;Zhao, Wenbo;Xie, Xuhao;Xu, Shengchao;Chen, Yuan. And the article was included in Separation and Purification Technology in 2020.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Here, we developed a novel absorbent for the sustainable capture of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), which is the blend of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU)-triethylene glycol di-Me ether (TEGDME)-H₂O. The gravimetric absorption capacity was 0.174 g H₂S/g lower phase at 101.3 kPa and 15°, which was 1.3 times higher than that of widely used aqueous methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) solution under the similar condition. In addition, TEGDME was mainly remained in the upper phase, while H₂S, H₂O, and DBU were mainly concentrated in the lower phase. Moreover, only around 44% of the total absorbent needed to be delivered to the stripper for desorption, and other portion of absorbent was directly sent to the absorption tower. Most importantly, this absorption system was demonstrated to be a benign medium for absorbent regeneration through the liquid-phase Claus process. Our results suggested that this DBU-TEGDME-H₂O blend was promising for the sustainable H₂S capture and conversion in industrial applications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Collisionally induced dissociation in the study of A-ring hydroxylated vitamin D type compounds was written by Young, David C.;Vouros, Paul;Holick, Michael F.;Higuchi, Tetsuo. And the article was included in Analytical Chemistry in 1992.Name: 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole This article mentions the following:

Collisionally induced dissociation (CID) is often used to determine the structure of ions based on comparison with the CID spectra of known ions. The latter are generated from judiciously selected compounds taking into account basic principles of ion chem. Here the use of this approach toward determination of the site of A-ring hydroxylation of vitamin D is reported. Although not intrinsically an aromatic compound, vitamin D gives rise in its mass spectrum to an aromatic methylstyryl cation at m/z 118. A-ring hydroxylated metabolites of vitamin D would thus incorporate the extra OH group on the ion at m/z 118, shifting it to m/z 134. The position of substitution of the extra OH group on a metabolite could then be ascertained by comparing the CID spectrum of its m/z 134 fragment to those of the 4 possible (hydroxymethyl)styryl cations generated from synthesized authentic compounds Because of their propensity to polymerize, these cations were generated in situ via the McLafferty rearrangement of the corresponding (hydroxyphenyl)ethanols. For optimum differentiation of isomeric ions, preparation of permethylated derivatives of vitamin D was necessary. The validity of the hypothesis was verified by using 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ as a test compound This method provides a viable approach for the characterization of A-ring hydroxylated metabolites of vitamin D as well as for related aromatic compounds In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8Name: 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole).

3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Name: 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Phase Equilibria in Binary Mixtures of Water with Triglyme and Tetraglyme: Experimental Determination and Thermodynamic Modeling was written by Kolin, Ondrej;Dohnal, Vladimir. And the article was included in Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data in 2020.Formula: C8H18O4 This article mentions the following:

Because of their many favorable properties and specifically balanced amphiphilic nature, glymes (oligomeric ethylene glycol diethers) are of great technol. and theor. interest. This study focuses on the phase equilibrium and energetics of aqueous solutions of two important members of the glyme series, triglyme (triethylene glycol di-Me ether) and tetraglyme (tetraethylene glycol di-Me ether). For these systems, we carried out accurate measurements of water activity at two temperatures (298.15 and 313.15 or 318.15 K) in the whole composition range, boiling temperatures at three pressures (50, 70, and 90 kPa), and freezing temperatures in the water-rich region. The melting temperature and melting enthalpy of the neat glymes were also determined We correlated our water activity data simultaneously with some related thermal data from the literature using an extended SSF-type excess Gibbs energy (G^E) model. The established model descriptions provided not only particularly good fit of the underlying data but, as proven by due comparisons to other results from both the literature and this work, showed a superior performance, extrapolating very well to both higher and lower temperatures The high-fidelity global modeling also enabled us to present a clear picture of the energetics of the two aqueous glymes. At near-ambient temperatures, both systems exhibit non-monotonous activity coefficient courses with composition, large exothermic effects, and remarkably deep drops of the entropy accompanying the mixing, their pos. G^E being entropy-driven. On increasing the temperature, the former features gradually decline while G^E keeps about the same magnitude and becomes enthalpy-driven. Although both systems show a great tendency to phase splitting above the normal boiling temperature of water, our model calculations predicted the lower critical solution temperature behavior only for the aqueous solution of triglyme. The observed pattern of the energetic behavior has been well elucidated in terms of competitive water-water and water-ether H-bonding. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Formula: C8H18O4).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Formula: C8H18O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Design, synthesis and biological screening of N₁-arylsulfonyl (1H-indole-2-yl)-1-(piperazinyl) methanone derivatives as 5-HT₆ receptor ligands: part I was written by Nirogi, Ramakrishna V. S.;Deshpande, Amol D.;Kambhampati, Ramasastri;Bandyala, Thrinath Reddy;Konda, Jagadishu Babu;Rao, B. Venugopala;Gudla, Parandhama;Shinde, Anil K.;Dubey, P. K.. And the article was included in Pharma Chemica in 2012.Synthetic Route of C8H9NO3 This article mentions the following:

The usefulness of 5-HT₆ antagonists in the treatment of cognitive disorders and more recently in obesity and feeding disorders is well documented. Keeping in mind the min. pharmacophoric requirements needed for the 5-HT₆ receptor binding, a new series of N₁-arylsulfonyl(1H-indol-2-yl) piperazinyl methanone derivatives were designed, synthesized, and tested for their in-vitro affinity towards the 5-HT₆ receptor. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8Synthetic Route of C8H9NO3).

3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Synthetic Route of C8H9NO3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

On the Solute-Induced Structure-Making/Breaking Effect: Rigorous Links among Microscopic Behavior, Solvation Properties, and Solution Non-Ideality was written by Chialvo, Ariel A.. And the article was included in Journal of Physical Chemistry B in 2019.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

We studied the solute-induced perturbation of the solvent environment around a solute species from a microscopic viewpoint and propose a novel approach to the understanding of the structure-making/breaking process, regardless of the type and nature of the solute-solvent interactions. Based on the Kirkwood-Buff fluctuation formalism, we present a rigorous statistical mechanics description of the evolution of the solvent structure around the solute, analyze its response to small perturbations of the (TP) state conditions and composition of the system, and make direct connections between a few equivalent micro- and macroscopic manifestations as probes for, and targets of, exptl. measurements. We illustrate the anal. with theor. results from integral equation calculations of model fluids and exptl. evidence from available data for a variety of aqueous electrolyte and nonelectrolyte real fluid solutions Finally, we provide a critical discussion about the inadequacy underlying a widely used de facto criterion for the classification of structure-making/breaking solutes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Preparation and electrochemical characterization of magnesium gel electrolytes based on crosslinked Poly(tetrahydrofuran) was written by Tominaga, Yoichi;Kato, Sawako;Nishimura, Naomi. And the article was included in Polymer in 2021.Reference of 112-49-2 This article mentions the following:

A crosslinked poly(tetrahydrofuran) (c-PTHF) was synthesized as a novel polymer matrix for gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) swelled with Mg(TFSI)₂/triglyme solution to develop Mg-ion battery. Two GPE based on c-PTHF with different crosslinking structure and crosslinker ratio were obtained as free-standing membranes with excellent heat resistance. From the CV measurement, the Pt/GPE/AZ31 cell clearly showed Mg redox reaction, and the values of current densities in reduction/oxidation peaks and the Coulombic efficiency were larger than those of the triglyme electrolyte solution This may be due to the changes in the solvation structure of Mg²⁺ ions by the presence of crosslinking structures in the network framework. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Reference of 112-49-2).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Reference of 112-49-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Cobalt/Salox-Catalyzed Enantioselective Dehydrogenative C-H Alkoxylation and Amination was written by Chen, Jia-Hao;Teng, Ming-Ya;Huang, Fan-Rui;Song, Hong;Wang, Zhen-Kai;Zhuang, He-Lin;Wu, Yong-Jie;Wu, Xu;Yao, Qi-Jun;Shi, Bing-Feng. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2022.Name: (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

Desymmetrization of diarylphosphinamides Ar₂P(O)NHQ (Q = 8-quinolinyl) catalyzed by cobalt chiral Salox complexes (Salox = 2-(4-R-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4-phenyl-5-R¹-oxazole) proceeds as dehydrogenative aromatic C-H alkoxylation and amination in one or both o-positions of one of the Ar rings. The past decade has witnessed a rapid progress in asym. C-H activation. However, the enantioselective C-H alkoxylation and amination with alcs. and free amines remains elusive. Herein, we disclose the first enantioselective dehydrogenative C-H alkoxylation and amination enabled by a simple cobalt/salicyloxazoline (Salox) catalysis. The use of cheap and readily available cobalt(II) salts as catalysts and Saloxs as chiral ligands provides an efficient method to access P-stereogenic compounds in excellent enantioselectivities (up to >99% ee). The practicality of this protocol is demonstrated by gram-scale preparation and further derivatizations of the resulting P-stereogenic phosphinamides, which offering a flexible asym. alternative to access P-stereogenic mono- and diphosphine chiral ligands. Preliminary mechanistic studies on the enantioselective C-H alkoxylation reaction suggest that a cobalt(III/IV/II) catalytic cycle might be involved. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Name: (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Name: (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial/antifungal evaluation of novel 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)quinoline-3-carboxylic acid derivatives was written by Yu, Zhiyi;Shi, Guanying;Sun, Qiu;Jin, Hong;Teng, Yun;Tao, Ke;Zhou, Guoping;Liu, Wei;Wen, Fang;Hou, Taiping. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2009.Recommanded Product: 1877-75-4 This article mentions the following:

A series of 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (norfloxacin) derivatives I (R = 2-furanyl, 3-pyridinyl, 2-ClC₆H₄OCH₂, etc.) were prepared according to the principle of combining bioactive substructures, and tested for activity against five plant pathogenic bacteria and three fungi in vitro. The preliminary bioassays indicated that almost all the synthesized target compounds retained the antibacterial activities of norfloxacin and had some antifungal activities as seen with carboxamide compounds The activities of compounds I (R = 2-furanyl, Ph) against Xanthomonas oryzae were better than norfloxacin and all tested compounds had better antibacterial activities as compared to the agricultural streptomycin sulfate (a com. bactericide) against X. oryzae, Xanthomonas axonopodis and Erwinia aroideae. Addnl., compounds I [R = (E)-2-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)ethenyl, (E)-4-MeOC₆H₄CH:CH] displayed good antifungal activities against Rhizoctonia solani and their inhibition of growth reached 83% and 94% resp. at the concentration of 200 mg/L. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4Recommanded Product: 1877-75-4).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Recommanded Product: 1877-75-4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Palladium-Catalyzed Annulation of 2,2′-Diiodobiphenyls with Alkynes: Synthesis and Applications of Phenanthrenes was written by Lin, Yu-De;Cho, Chun-Lung;Ko, Chih-Wei;Pulte, Anna;Wu, Yao-Ting. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2012.Recommanded Product: 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne This article mentions the following:

A range of phenanthrene derivatives was efficiently synthesized by the palladium-catalyzed annulation of 2,2′-diiodobiphenyls with alkynes. The scope, limitations and regioselectivity of the reaction were investigated. The described method was adopted to synthesize 9,10-dialkylphenanthrenes, sterically overcrowded 4,5-disubstituted phenanthrenes and phenanthrene-based alkaloids. Reactions of highly methoxy-substituted biphenyls with 2-(2-propynyl)pyrrolidine and 2-(2-propynyl)piperidine gave 2-(9-phenanthrylmethyl)pyrrolidines and 2-(9-phenanthrylmethyl)piperidines, resp. The products were transformed to phenanthroindolizidine and phenanthroquinolizidine alkaloids by the Pictet-Spengler reaction. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8Recommanded Product: 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne).

1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Recommanded Product: 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Regeneration of carbonyl compounds by oxidative cleavage of oximes with NBS in the presence of β-cyclodextrin in water was written by Somi Reddy, M.;Narender, M.;Rama Rao, K.. And the article was included in Synthetic Communications in 2004.Application of 57179-35-8 This article mentions the following:

The conversion of different oximes to the corresponding carbonyl compounds was carried out at room temperature in good to high yields with N-bromosuccinimide in water in the presence of β-cyclodextrin. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 57179-35-8Application of 57179-35-8).

3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 57179-35-8) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Application of 57179-35-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem