Tag: 100-200

Indoline Catalyzed Acylhydrazone/Oxime Condensation under Neutral Aqueous Conditions was written by Zhou, Yuntao;Piergentili, Irene;Hong, Jennifer;van der Helm, Michelle P.;Macchione, Mariano;Li, Yao;Eelkema, Rienk;Luo, Sanzhong. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2020.Reference of 111-77-3 This article mentions the following:

Acylhydrazone formation has been widely applied in materials science and biolabeling. However, their sluggish condensation rate under neutral conditions limits its application. Herein, indolines with electron-donating groups are reported as a new catalyst scaffold, which can catalyze acylhydrazone, hydrazone, and oxime formation via an iminium ion intermediate. This new type of catalyst showed up to 15-fold rate enhancement over the traditional aniline-catalyzed reaction at neutral conditions. The identified indoline catalyst was successfully applied in hydrogel formation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Reference of 111-77-3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Reference of 111-77-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Mitoquinone Inactivates Mitochondrial Chaperone TRAP1 by Blocking the Client Binding Site was written by Yoon, Nam Gu;Lee, Hakbong;Kim, So-Yeon;Hu, Sung;Kim, Darong;Yang, Sujae;Hong, Ki Bum;Lee, Ji Hoon;Kang, Soosung;Kim, Byung-Gyu;Myung, Kyungjae;Lee, Changwook;Kang, Byoung Heon. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2021.Related Products of 605-94-7 This article mentions the following:

Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) family proteins are mol. chaperones that modulate the functions of various substrate proteins (clients) implicated in pro-tumorigenic pathways. In this study, the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant mitoquinone (MitoQ) was identified as a potent inhibitor of mitochondrial Hsp90, known as a tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1). Structural analyses revealed an asym. bipartite interaction between MitoQ and the previously unrecognized drug binding sites located in the middle domain of TRAP1, believed to be a client binding region. MitoQ effectively competed with TRAP1 clients, and MitoQ treatment facilitated the identification of 103 TRAP1-interacting mitochondrial proteins in cancer cells. MitoQ and its redox-crippled SB-U014/SB-U015 exhibited more potent anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo than previously reported mitochondria-targeted TRAP1 inhibitors. The findings indicate that targeting the client binding site of Hsp90 family proteins offers a novel strategy for the development of potent anticancer drugs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7Related Products of 605-94-7).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Related Products of 605-94-7

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Large screening of DNA-compatible reaction conditions for Suzuki and Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions and for reverse amide bond formation was written by Favalli, Nicholas;Bassi, Gabriele;Bianchi, Davide;Scheuermann, Jorg;Neri, Dario. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry in 2021.Product Details of 480424-49-5 This article mentions the following:

Progress in DNA-encoded chem. library synthesis and screening crucially relies on the availability of DNA-compatible reactions, which proceed with high yields and excellent purity for a large number of possible building blocks. In the past, exptl. conditions have been presented for the execution of Suzuki and Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions on-DNA. In this article, our aim was to optimize Suzuki and Sonogashira reactions, comparing our results to previously published procedures. We have tested the performance of improved conditions using 606 building blocks (including boronic acids, pinacol boranes and terminal alkynes), achieving >70% conversion for 84% of the tested mols. Moreover, we describe efficient exptl. conditions for the on-DNA synthesis of amide bonds, starting from DNA derivatives carrying a carboxylic acid moiety and 300 primary, secondary and aromatic amines, as amide bonds are frequently found in DNA-encoded chem. libraries thanks to their excellent DNA compatibility. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Formyl-2-methoxyphenylboronic acid (cas: 480424-49-5Product Details of 480424-49-5).

3-Formyl-2-methoxyphenylboronic acid (cas: 480424-49-5) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Product Details of 480424-49-5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis, characterization and UV-visible study of schiff base-acetylene functionalized organosilatrane receptor for the dual detection of Zn²⁺ and Co²⁺ ions was written by Singh, Gurjaspreet;Sushma;Priyanka;Suman;Diksha;Kaur, Jashan Deep;Saini, Anamika;Devi, Anita;Satija, Pinky. And the article was included in Inorganica Chimica Acta in 2021.Application In Synthesis of 3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde This article mentions the following:

The present article describes the synthesis of Schiff base-acetylene functionalized organosilatranes and their characterization by ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy and ESI-QTOF mass spectrometry. The UV-visible study of the organosilatrane 6a unveiled their high selectivity towards the recognition of Zn²⁺ and Co²⁺ ions without exhibiting any significant interference from other competitive metal ions. The calculated value of association constant with 6a for Zn²⁺ and Co²⁺ ions was 0.11 x 10⁶ M^-1 and 0.24 x 10⁶ M^-1 and the limit of detection was 0.28 x 10^-6 M and 0.82 x 10^-6 M resp. Furthermore, DFT calculations were performed to get an insight into the interacting behavior of sensor 6a towards Zn²⁺ and Co²⁺ ions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 57179-35-8Application In Synthesis of 3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde).

3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 57179-35-8) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Application In Synthesis of 3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Rhodium-Catalyzed Cross-Cyclotrimerization and Dimerization of Allenes with Alkynes was written by Sakashita, Kazuki;Shibata, Yu;Tanaka, Ken. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2016.Synthetic Route of C6H10O2 This article mentions the following:

It has been established that a cationic rhodium(I)/binap complex catalyzed the cross-cyclotrimerization of two mols. of a monosubstituted allene with one mol. of a functionalized alkyne gave 3,6-dialkylidenecyclohex-1-enes. In contrast, the reactions involving di- or trisubstituted allenes and/or unfunctionalized alkynes afforded cross-dimerization products, substituted dendralenes, through β-hydrogen elimination from the corresponding rhodacycles. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8Synthetic Route of C6H10O2).

1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Synthetic Route of C6H10O2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Identification and optimization of novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole EP₁ receptor antagonists was written by Hall, Adrian;Brown, Susan H.;Chowdhury, Anita;Giblin, Gerard M. P.;Gibson, Mairi;Healy, Mark P.;Livermore, David G.;McArthur Wilson, Richard J.;Naylor, Alan;Rawlings, D. Anthony;Roman, Shilina;Ward, Emma;Willay, Caroline. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2007.Formula: C9H10O4 This article mentions the following:

A novel series of oxadiazole EP₁ receptor antagonists was identified by replacing the amide of a known glycine sulfonamide derivative with a 1,3,4-oxadiazole. Optimization of the substitution patterns on the three aromatic rings led to the identification of high affinity EP₁ receptor antagonists. The derivative with highest affinity displayed a binding IC₅₀ of 2.5 nM (pIC₅₀ 8.6). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4Formula: C9H10O4).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Formula: C9H10O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Bismuth-catalyzed methylation and alkylation of quinone derivatives with tert-butyl peroxybenzoate as an oxidant was written by Yang, Jian;Dong, Yu;He, Shuai;Shi, Zhi-Chuan;Wang, Yu;Wang, Ji-Yu. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2019.Formula: C9H10O4 This article mentions the following:

A bismuth-catalyzed methylation of quinones I (R = Me, Bn, H, etc.; R¹ = H, Me; R² = H, Me, Br; R³ = H, Me, Br; R⁴ = H, Me; R⁵ = H), II (R = Me; R⁵ = H; R⁶ = R⁷ = Me, OMe) in the presence of tert-Bu peroxybenzoate (TBPB) was developed via a radical reaction mechanism. Particularly, TBPB was used not only as an efficient oxidant, but also as a green Me source in such transformation. Moreover, this method could also be efficiently extended to the alkylation of quinones I (R = Me, Br, OH; R¹ = R² = R³ = R⁴ = R⁵ = H), II. This reaction tolerated a series of functional groups and prepared a series of vitamin K3 derivatives I (R⁵ = cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclooctyl, hexan-2-yl, hexan-3-yl) and benzoquinones II (R⁵ = cyclohexyl). Notably, antimalarial parvaquone I (R = OH; R¹ = R² = R³ = R⁴ = H; R⁵ = cyclohexyl) was synthesized by the reaction. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7Formula: C9H10O4).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Formula: C9H10O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Utilization of the Intramolecular Cycloaddition-Cationic π-Cyclization of an Isomuenchnone Derivative for the Synthesis of (±)-Lycopodine was written by Padwa, Albert;Brodney, Michael A.;Marino, Joseph P. Jr.;Sheehan, Scott M.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 1997.Application In Synthesis of 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

A new annulation sequence leading to the tetracyclic skeleton of the Lycopodium family of alkaloids is effected by using the tandem cycloaddition-cationic π-cyclization reaction of an isomuenchnone dipole as the key strategic element. Synthesis of the required α-diazo imide precursor involved treating 5-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one with the organocopper reagent derived from 3-methoxybenzyl chloride in the presence of chlorotrimethylsilane. Ozonolysis of the resulting silyl enol ether followed by a Wittig reaction and conversion to the desired α-diazo imide was carried out using standard malonylacylation and diazotization procedures. Treatment of the α-diazo imide with rhodium(II) perfluorobutyrate afforded a transient 1,3-dipole which subsequently cycloadded across the tethered π-bond. The resulting cycloadduct I was treated with BF₃·2AcOH to give a rearranged tetracyclic compound derived from a Pictet-Spengler-type cyclization of an N-acyliminium ion. The rearranged product was subsequently converted into a key intermediate II previously used for the synthesis of (±)-lycopodine. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3Application In Synthesis of 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Application In Synthesis of 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Solvate Structures and Computational/Spectroscopic Characterization of LiClO₄ Electrolytes was written by Daubert, James S.;Afroz, Taliman;Borodin, Oleg;Seo, Daniel M.;Boyle, Paul D.;Henderson, Wesley A.. And the article was included in Journal of Physical Chemistry C in 2022.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

A Raman spectral evaluation of numerous crystalline solvates with lithium perchlorate (LiClO₄) has been conducted over a wide temperature range. Two new solvate crystal structures-(PMDETA)₁:LiClO₄ and (THF)₁:LiClO₄ with N,N,N’,N”,N”-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine and tetrahydrofuran-have been determined to aid in this study. With a help of d. functional theory (DFT) and mol. dynamics (MD) simulations, the spectroscopic data have been correlated with varying modes of ClO₄^–···Li⁺ cation coordination within the solvate structures to create a characterization tool to facilitate the Raman band assignments for the determination of ionic association interactions within solid and liquid electrolytes containing LiClO₄. This study demonstrates that many of the spectroscopic evaluation conclusions reported in the scientific literature for LiClO₄-based electrolytes are inaccurate. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

New insights into the chemistry of Coenzyme Q-0: A voltammetric and spectroscopic study was written by Gulaboski, Rubin;Bogeski, Ivan;Kokoskarova, Pavlinka;Haeri, Haleh H.;Mitrev, Sasa;Stefova, Marina;Stanoeva, Jasmina Petreska;Markovski, Velo;Mirceski, Valentin;Hoth, Markus;Kappl, Reinhard. And the article was included in Bioelectrochemistry in 2016.Computed Properties of C9H10O4 This article mentions the following:

Coenzyme Q-0 (CoQ-0) is the only Coenzyme Q lacking an isoprenoid group on the quinoid ring, a feature important for its physico-chem. properties. Here, the redox behavior of CoQ-0 in buffered and non-buffered aqueous media was examined In buffered aqueous media CoQ-0 redox chem. can be described by a 2-electron-2-proton redox scheme, characteristic for all benzoquinones. In non-buffered media the number of electrons involved in the electrode reaction of CoQ-0 is still 2; however, the number of protons involved varies between 0 and 2. This results in two addnl. voltammetric signals, attributed to 2-electrons-1H⁺ and 2-electrons-0H⁺ redox processes, in which mono- and di-anionic compounds of CoQ-0 are formed. In addition, CoQ-0 exhibits a complex chem. in strong alk. environment. The reaction of CoQ-0 and OH^– anions generates several hydroxyl derivatives as products. Their structures were identified with HPLC/MS. The prevailing radical reaction mechanism was analyzed by ESR spectroscopy. The hydroxyl derivatives of CoQ-0 have a strong antioxidative potential and form stable complexes with Ca^2 + ions. In summary, our results allow mechanistic insights into the redox properties of CoQ-0 and its hydroxylated derivatives and provide hints on possible applications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7Computed Properties of C9H10O4).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Computed Properties of C9H10O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem