Tag: 100-200

High-Performance n-Type Organic Electrochemical Transistors Enabled by Aqueous Solution Processing of Amphiphilicity-Driven Polymer Assembly was written by Jeong, Dahyun;Jo, Il-Young;Lee, Seungjin;Kim, Ji Hwan;Kim, Youngseok;Kim, Donguk;Reynolds, John R.;Yoon, Myung-Han;Kim, Bumjoon J.. And the article was included in Advanced Functional Materials in 2022.Electric Literature of C5H12O3 This article mentions the following:

Despite the growing attention on organic electrochem. transistors (OECTs), most research has focused on the design of p-type active materials, and the number of high-performance n-type materials is limited. Herein, a series of naphthalene diimide-based polymers incorporated with asym. branched oligo(ethylene glycol) (OEG) side chains are developed to enable green-solvent-processed, high-performance n-type OECTs. The branched OEG side chains afford sufficient solubility in eco-friendly ethanol/water solvent mixtures Importantly, taking advantage of the amphiphilic nature of OEG-based polymers, ethanol/water solvents selectively solvate hydrophilic OEG side chains, while producing assembled π-π stacks of hydrophobic backbones. This enables highly ordered polymer packing with a preferential edge-on orientation, and thus excellent lateral charge transport. In particular, the fine-tuned OEG side chains of P(NDIMTEG-T) provide compact backbone packing, effective polaron generation, and superior electrochem. stability with optimized swelling capability. The resultant n-type OECT shows the best elec./electrochem. performance in the family, represented by a high transconductance (g_m) of 0.38 S cm^-1 and a large figure-of-merit (μC*) of 0.56 F V^-1 cm^-1 s^-1. This study demonstrates the use of aqueous processing in OECTs, for the first time, and suggests important guidelines for the design of n-type organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors with excellent OECT characteristics. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Electric Literature of C5H12O3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Electric Literature of C5H12O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Palladium-catalyzed desymmetric [2+2+2] cycloaddition of 1,6-enyne and alkyne was written by Zhao, Wei-Cheng;Wang, Xin;Feng, Juhua;Tian, Ping;He, Zhi-Tao. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2021.Electric Literature of C6H10O2 This article mentions the following:

A novel and straightforward palladium-catalyzed desym. [2+2+2] cycloaddition reaction of alkyne-tethered cyclohexadienone and internal alkyne is established. Widely existing fused tricyclic hydronaphthofuran and hydronaphthopyrrole frameworks are prepared diastereoselectively in moderate to excellent yields. One-step aromatization process provides a new and facile access to important benzene-containing tricycles from above cycloaddition products. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8Electric Literature of C6H10O2).

1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Electric Literature of C6H10O2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Rh^III-catalyzed dual directing group assisted sterically hindered C-H bond activation: a unique route to meta and ortho substituted benzofurans was written by Yeh, Chien-Hung;Chen, Wei-Chen;Gandeepan, Parthasarathy;Hong, Ya-Chun;Shih, Cheng-Hung;Cheng, Chien-Hong. And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2014.Safety of 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne This article mentions the following:

A new strategy for the synthesis of highly substituted benzofurans, e.g., I (X-rays single crystal structure shown), from meta-substituted hydroxybenzenes and alkynes via a rhodium(III)-catalyzed activation of a sterically hindered C-H bond is demonstrated. A possible mechanism involving dual directing group assisted ortho C-H bond activation is proposed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8Safety of 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne).

1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Safety of 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Water as a hydrogen source in palladium-catalyzed reduction and reductive amination of nitroarenes mediated by diboronic acid was written by Zhou, Yanmei;Zhou, Haifeng;Liu, Sensheng;Pi, Danwei;Shen, Guanshuo. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2017.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

An unprecedented palladium-catalyzed chemoselective reduction and reductive amination of nitroarenes with water as a hydrogen source mediated by diboronic acid is discovered. A series of aryl amines containing various reducible functional groups were obtained in good to excellent yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis of Fused Indoline-Cyclobutanone Derivatives via an Intramolecular [2+2] Cycloaddition was written by Neyyappadath, Rifahath M.;Greenhalgh, Mark D.;Cordes, David B.;Slawin, Alexandra M. Z.;Smith, Andrew D.. And the article was included in European Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2019.HPLC of Formula: 5367-32-8 This article mentions the following:

Enamines such as I, generated in situ from (allylamino)phenylacetic acids by ozonolysis followed by Wittig reactions with α-(triphenylphosphoranylidene)ketones, underwent diastereoselective intramol. [2+2]-cycloaddition reactions mediated by pivaloyl chloride and i-Pr₂NEt in CHCl₃ to give cyclobutaindolinones (fused indoline-cyclobutanones) such as II. An allylphenylacetic acid underwent an analogous cycloaddition to form a cyclobutaindanone, providing evidence for the presence of ketene intermediates in the observed [2+2]-cycloadditions The formation of a ketene intermediate in this process is significant as the reaction conditions employed are analogous to those commonly used in tertiary amine Lewis base catalysis, where the potential intermediacy of ketenes is an important consideration that is often overlooked. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8HPLC of Formula: 5367-32-8).

3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.HPLC of Formula: 5367-32-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Ru Doped Hydrotalcite Catalyzed Borrowing Hydrogen-Mediated N-Alkylation of Benzamides, Sulfonamides, and Dehydrogenative Synthesis of Quinazolinones was written by Sardar, Bitan;Jamatia, Ramen;Samanta, Arup;Srimani, Dipankar. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2022.SDS of cas: 105-13-5 This article mentions the following:

An efficient Ru doped hydrotalcite catalyzed N-alkylation of benzamides and sulfonamides with alcs. via borrowing hydrogen catalysis is illustrated. Various primary alcs., including benzyl, heteroaryl, and aliphatic alcs., were alkylated in good to excellent yields. To shed light on the mechanistic details, several control studies and deuterium labeling experiments were performed. Mechanistic studies underpin that the reaction is going via a borrowing hydrogen pathway rather than an S_N1 type mechanism. The reaction can be easily scaled up without any detrimental effect on the yield. The catalyst is also capable of synthesizing quinazolinone directly from 2-aminobenzamide and alcs. Successful recyclability and high reactivity highlight the practical applicability of the catalyst. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5SDS of cas: 105-13-5).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.SDS of cas: 105-13-5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Exploitation of distillation for energy-efficient and cost-effective environmentally benign process of waste solvents recovery from semiconductor industry was written by Lee, Aejin;Naquash, Ahmad;Lee, Moonyong;Chaniago, Yus Donald;Lim, Hankwon. And the article was included in Science of the Total Environment in 2022.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

The waste solvent is unavoidably generated from the high solvent dependable processes. One of them is the semiconductor industry. The waste solvent is frequently incinerated to eliminate hazardous waste and this practice raises the issue of environmental and treatment costs. Thus, recovery of waste solvent is a substantial environmental mitigation option. This study explores the recovery of multicomponent waste solvents from the semiconductor industry. To achieve a greener and energy-efficient process, the recovery process is proposed through investigation of mixture thermodn. behavior, process design, optimization, economics, and integration of renewable energy for environmental advantages. Herein, Distillation, a practical technol. option for solvent recovery, with green solvent for extractive distillation and a new approach using renewable energy in waste solvent recovery are explored. As the result, waste solvent recovery by distillation with conventional energy exhibits bold advantages to cost and lower carbon process compared to waste disposal. The integration of renewable energy with about 37% share of conventional energy as the backup indicates the highest annual cost-saving and reduces about 89.4% of annual carbon emission compared to carbon emission from waste disposal. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Eosin Y photocatalyzed access to Biginelli reaction using primary alcohols via domino multicomponent cascade: an approach towards sustainable synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones was written by Kumar, Gobind;Bhargava, Gaurav;Kumar, Yogesh;Kumar, Rupesh. And the article was included in Journal of Chemical Sciences (Berlin, Germany) in 2022.SDS of cas: 105-13-5 This article mentions the following:

The Eosin Y photocatalyzed Biginelli protocol has been established by a cascade one-pot three-component reaction of primary alcs., α-ketoester, and urea to provide pharmacol. promising 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones in high yields. The key benefits of the present scheme are the capability to allow operational simplicity, readily available substrates, straightforward workup and high yields. This Eosin Y based photocatalytic approach can permit conquering traditional metal-catalyzed reactions in a sustainable manner, thus delivering economic and environmental rewards. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5SDS of cas: 105-13-5).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.SDS of cas: 105-13-5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Hydroboration of substituted alkynes using a solid polymeric carboxylic acid catalyst was written by Hoyt, Caroline B.;Sarazen, Michele L.;Jones, Christopher W.. And the article was included in Journal of Catalysis in 2019.Safety of 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne This article mentions the following:

A polymer-supported benzoic acid catalyst for the hydroboration of substituted alkynes with pinacolborane is reported. The robustness of the heterogenous catalyst is demonstrated through catalyst recycle, with comparable reactivity to the homogeneous catalyst. A mechanistic investigation that includes determination of a reaction rate law, ¹H and ¹¹B NMR studies, as well elucidation of the H/D kinetic isotope effect is used to identify the pathway through which product formation occurs. The polymer support provided a recoverable handle, with the active sites in close proximity to promote a two-site reaction pathway with the identification of key boryl species through ¹¹B NMR. The activated alkynyl species is converted through a concerted hydroboration mechanism, supported by inverse KIE values, releasing product and regenerating the active site. Kinetic studies, where initial rates are proportional to the concentration of both the pinacolborane and the catalyst, but become inhibited by the alkyne at higher concentrations, suggest that the catalytic cycle can be described by a two-site rate expression with alkyne-derived surface species present during catalysis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8Safety of 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne).

1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Safety of 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

The use of coenzyme Q0 as a template in the development of a molecularly imprinted polymer for the selective recognition of coenzyme Q10 was written by Contin, Mario;Flor, Sabrina;Martinefski, Manuela;Lucangioli, Silvia;Tripodi, Valeria. And the article was included in Analytica Chimica Acta in 2014.SDS of cas: 605-94-7 This article mentions the following:

In this work, a novel molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for use as a solid phase extraction sorbent was developed for the determination of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in liver extract CoQ10 is an essential cofactor in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and a powerful antioxidant agent found in low concentrations in biol. samples. This fact and its high hydrophobicity make the anal. of CoQ10 tech. challenging. Accordingly, a MIP was synthesized using coenzyme Q0 as the template, methacrylic acid as the functional monomer, acetonitrile as the porogen, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the crosslinker and benzoyl peroxide as the initiator. Various parameters affecting the polymer preparation and extraction efficiency were evaluated. Morphol. characterization of the MIP and its proper comparison with C18 as a sorbent in solid phase extraction were performed. The optimal conditions for the molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction (MISPE) consisted of 400 μL of sample mixed with 30 mg of MIP and 600 μL of water to reach the optimum solution loading. The loading was followed by a washing step consisting of 1 mL of a 1-propanol solution (1-propanol:water, 30:70,volume/volume) and elution with 1 mL of 1-propanol. After clean-up, the CoQ10 in the samples was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatog. The extraction recoveries were higher than 73.7% with good precision (3.6-8.3%). The limits of detection and quantification were 2.4 and 7.5 μg g^-1, resp., and a linear range between 7.5 and 150 μg g^-1 of tissue was achieved. The new MISPE procedure provided a successful clean-up for the determination of CoQ10 in a complex matrix. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7SDS of cas: 605-94-7).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.SDS of cas: 605-94-7

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem