Tag: 100-200

Dehydrative Cross-Coupling for C-N Bond Construction under Transition-Metal-Free Conditions was written by Xing, Huicong;Chen, Meijuan;Zhang, Dong;Geng, Zhishuai;Xie, Peizhong;Loh, Teck-Peng. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2022.SDS of cas: 105-13-5 This article mentions the following:

A transition-metal-free catalytic system was designed to address the dehydrative cross-coupling of unactivated primary/secondary alcs. with amines/amides under environmentally benign conditions. Mg²⁺ and counteranion (PF₆^–) worked synergistically to realize C-OH bond cleavage and concomitant C-N bond formation. A wide range of allylic alcs. and amines/amides were tolerated well in this transformation, which allowed C-N bond construction with high efficiency. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5SDS of cas: 105-13-5).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).SDS of cas: 105-13-5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Photogenerated Azido Radical Mediated Oxidation: Access to Carbonyl Functionality from Alcohols, Alkylarenes, and Olefins via Organophotoredox was written by Shee, Maniklal;Singh, N. D. Pradeep. And the article was included in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2022.Recommanded Product: 105-13-5 This article mentions the following:

Azido radical mediated photocatalytic oxidation method for the selective oxidation of various well-known feedstocks, such as (hetero)aromatic, or aliphatic alcs., e.g., 1H-indole-3-methanol alkylarenes, e.g., 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene and terminal alkenes, e.g., 1-methylidene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene, is successfully accomplished. Herein, the catalytic HAT and reversible addition/elimination strategies of azido radical have been explored to convert the commonly oxidizable functionalities into invaluable carbonyls, e.g., 1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde or tertiary alcs. using an organic photocatalyst 4CzIPN with tetra-Bu ammonium azide (TBAN₃) and air/O₂ as an oxidant. Indeed, this mild, operationally simple, and productive method offers good to excellent product yields with a wide range of structurally diverse substrates, including pharmaceutical derivatives with good functional group tolerance. Several control experiments have been carried out to investigate the detailed reaction mechanism. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Recommanded Product: 105-13-5).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Recommanded Product: 105-13-5

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

mCPBA-Mediated Intramolecular Oxidative Annulation of ortho-Crotyl or Cinnamyl Arylaldehydes: Synthesis of Benzofused Five-, Six-, and Seven-Membered Oxacycles was written by Chang, Meng-Yang;Hsiao, Yu-Ting;Lai, Kai-Hsiang. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2018.Related Products of 57179-35-8 This article mentions the following:

MCPBA-mediated intramol. oxidative annulation of ortho-crotyl or cinnamyl arylaldehydes provides chroman, coumaran, isochroman, and tetrahydrobenzo[c]oxepine under different reaction conditions. This research investigates the reaction conditions for facile and efficient transformation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 57179-35-8Related Products of 57179-35-8).

3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 57179-35-8) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Related Products of 57179-35-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Nickel-Catalyzed Formation of 1,3-Dienes via a Highly Selective Cross-Tetramerization of Tetrafluoroethylene, Styrenes, Alkynes, and Ethylene was written by Kawashima, Takuya;Ohashi, Masato;Ogoshi, Sensuke. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2017.COA of Formula: C6H10O2 This article mentions the following:

In the presence of a catalytic amount of Ni(cod)₂ (cod = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) and PCy₃ (Cy = cyclohexyl), the cross-tetramerization of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), alkynes, and ethylene occurred in a highly selective manner to afford a variety of 1,3-dienes with a 3,3,4,4-tetrafluorobutyl chain. In addition, a Ni(0)-catalyzed cross-tetramerization of TFE, alkynes, ethylene, and styrenes was developed. These catalytic reactions might proceed via partially fluorinated five- and seven-membered nickelacycle key intermediates. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8COA of Formula: C6H10O2).

1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.COA of Formula: C6H10O2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Structure and Oxidation Effects on Conformation and Thermoresponsiveness of the OEGylated Poly(glutamic acid)-Bearing Side-Chain Thioether Linkers was written by Chen, Xueyuan;Zhong, Junyang;Jiang, Xinlin;He, Ziqing;Quan, Yusi;Zhong, Songjing;Li, Guangji;Huang, Yugang. And the article was included in Langmuir in 2021.Product Details of 111-77-3 This article mentions the following:

A series of side-chain thioether-linked OEGylated poly(glutamic acid) (PGAs) have been synthesized by “thiol-ene” synthetic methodol., where both the oligo-ethylene glycol (OEG) length and the hydrophobic linkers at the side chains are varied to learn how these structural features affect the secondary structure and thermoresponsive behaviors in water. Before side-chain oxidation, the structural factors affecting the α-helicity include the backbone length, the OEG length, and the hydrophobic linkers’ length at the side chains; however, the OEG length plays the most crucial role among these factors because longer OEG around the peripheral side chains can stop water penetration into the backbone to disturb the intramol. H bonds, which finally allows stabilizing the α-helix; after the oxidation, the polypeptides show increased α-helicity because of the enhanced hydrophilicity. More interestingly, a rare oxidation-induced conformation transition from the ordered β-sheet to the ordered α-helix can be achieved. In addition, only the OEGylated poly(glutamic acids) (PGAs) with shorter hydrophobic linkers and longer OEG can display the thermoresponsive properties before the oxidation but the subsequent oxidation can cause the polypeptides bearing longer hydrophobic linkers to exhibit the thermosensitivity since sulfone formation at the side chain can lead to final hydrophilicity-hydrophobicity balance. This work is meaningful to understand the secondary structure-associated solution behaviors of the synthetic polypeptides. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Product Details of 111-77-3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Product Details of 111-77-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Chemoselective esterification and amidation of carboxylic acids with imidazole carbamates and ureas was written by Heller, Stephen T.;Sarpong, Richmond. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2010.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Imidazole carbamates and ureas were found to be chemoselective esterification and amidation reagents. A wide variety of carboxylic acids were converted to their ester or amide analogs by a simple synthetic procedure in high yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Highly Efficient Preparation of Lipophilic Hydroxycinnamates by Solvent-free Lipase-Catalyzed Transesterification was written by Weitkamp, Petra;Vosmann, Klaus;Weber, Nikolaus. And the article was included in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 2006.Name: 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

Various medium- or long-chain alkyl cinnamates and hydroxycinnamates, including oleyl p-coumarate as well as palmityl and oleyl ferulates, were prepared in high yield by lipase-catalyzed transesterification of an equimolar mixture of a short-chain alkyl cinnamate and a fatty alc. such as lauryl, palmityl, and oleyl alc. under partial vacuum at moderate temperature in the absence of solvents and drying agents in direct contact with the reaction mixture Immobilized lipase B from Candida antarctica was the most effective biocatalyst for the various transesterification reactions. Transesterification activity of this enzyme was up to 56-fold higher than esterification activity for the preparation of medium- and long-chain alkyl ferulates. The relative transesterification activities found for C. antarctica lipase were of the following order: hydrocinnamate > cinnamate > 4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate > 3-methoxycinnamate > 2-methoxycinnamate �4-methoxycinnamate �3-hydroxycinnamate > hydrocaffeate �4-hydroxycinnamate > ferulate > 2-hydroxycinnamate > caffeate �sinapate. With respect to the position of the hydroxy substituents at the Ph moiety, the transesterification activity of C. antarctica lipase B increased in the order meta > para > ortho. The immobilized lipases from Rhizomucor miehei and Thermomyces lanuginosus demonstrated moderate and low transesterification activity, resp. Compounds with inverse chem. structure, i.e., 3-phenylpropyl alkanoates such as 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propyl oleate and 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propyl oleate, were obtained by C. antarctica lipase-catalyzed transesterification of fatty acid Me esters with the corresponding 3-phenylpropan-1-ols in high yield, as well. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3Name: 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Name: 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Rhodium-catalyzed intramolecular alkynylsilylation of alkynes was written by Shintani, Ryo;Kurata, Hiroki;Nozaki, Kyoko. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2015.Application of 16356-02-8 This article mentions the following:

Rhodium-catalyzed intramol. alkynylsilylation of alkynes is described. The reaction proceeds through syn-insertion by a cationic rhodium/triarylphosphine catalyst, representing the first alkynylsilylation of alkynes via the cleavage of a C(sp)-Si bond by transition-metal catalysis. A highly enantioselective variant is also described for the creation of a silicon stereogenic center. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8Application of 16356-02-8).

1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Application of 16356-02-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Probing Electrolyte Influence on CO₂ Reduction in Aprotic Solvents was written by Gomes, Reginaldo J.;Birch, Chris;Cencer, Morgan M.;Li, Chenyang;Son, Seoung-Bum;Bloom, Ira D.;Assary, Rajeev S.;Amanchukwu, Chibueze V.. And the article was included in Journal of Physical Chemistry C in 2022.Application of 112-49-2 This article mentions the following:

Selective CO₂ capture and electrochem. conversion are important tools in the fight against climate change. Industrially, CO₂ is captured using a variety of aprotic solvents due to their high CO₂ solubility However, most research efforts on electrochem. CO₂ conversion use aqueous media and are plagued by competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) from water breakdown. Fortunately, aprotic solvents can circumvent HER, making it important to develop strategies that enable integrated CO₂ capture and conversion. However, the influence of ion solvation and solvent selection within nonaqueous electrolytes for efficient and selective CO₂ reduction is unclear. In this work, we show that the bulk solvation behavior within the nonaqueous electrolyte can control the CO₂ reduction reaction and product distribution occurring at the catalyst-electrolyte interface. We study different tetrabutylammonium (TBA) salts in two electrolyte systems with glyme ethers (e.g., 1,2 dimethoxyethane or DME) and DMSO (DMSO) as a low and high dielec. constant medium, resp. Using spectroscopic tools, we quantify the fraction of ion pairs that forms within the electrolyte. Also, we show how ion pair formation is prevalent in DME and is dependent on the anion type. More importantly, we show that as ion pair formation decreases within the electrolyte, CO₂ current densities increase, and a higher CO Faradaic efficiency is observed at low overpotentials. Meanwhile, in an electrolyte medium where the ion pair fraction does not change with the anion type (such as in DMSO), a smaller influence of solvation is observed on CO₂ current densities and product distribution. By directly coupling bulk solvation to interfacial reactions and product distribution, we showcase the importance and utility of controlling the reaction microenvironment in tuning the electrocatalytic reaction pathways. Insights gained from this work will enable novel electrolyte designs for efficient and selective CO₂ conversion to desired fuels and chems. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Application of 112-49-2).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Application of 112-49-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

A regioselective synthesis of 1-haloisoquinolines via ruthenium-catalyzed cyclization of O-methylbenzohydroximoyl halides with alkynes was written by Chinnagolla, Ravi Kiran;Pimparkar, Sandeep;Jeganmohan, Masilamani. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2013.HPLC of Formula: 16356-02-8 This article mentions the following:

A ruthenium-catalyzed highly regioselective cyclization of substituted N-methoxy benzimidoyl halides with alkynes in the presence of CsOAc (25 mol%) to give substituted 1-halo and 1-alkoxy substituted isoquinolines in good to excellent yields is described. E.g., in presence of [(RuCl₂(p-cymene))₂] and CsOAc, reaction of 4-MeC₆H₄CCl:NOMe and PhCCMe gave 77% isoquinoline derivative (I). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8HPLC of Formula: 16356-02-8).

1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.HPLC of Formula: 16356-02-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem