Tag: 100-200

Structure-activity relationships of a novel series of melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) receptor antagonists was written by Arienzo, Rosa;Clark, David E.;Cramp, Sue;Daly, Stephen;Dyke, Hazel J.;Lockey, Peter;Norman, Dennis;Roach, Alan G.;Stuttle, Keith;Tomlinson, Maxine;Wong, Melanie;Wren, Stephen P.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2004.Computed Properties of C9H10O4 This article mentions the following:

A new series of 2-aminoquinolines, e.g. I [R¹R²N = N-methylpiperazino, morpholino, piperidino, etc.; R¹ = Me₂CH, cyclopentyl, R² = H; R¹ = Me, PhCH₂, R² = Me; R³ = Ph, 4-ClC₆H₄, 4-F₃CC₆H₄, 2,4-Cl₂C₆H₃, etc.] has been identified as antagonists of the melanin concentrating hormone receptor (MCH-1R). Syntheses and structure-activity relationships are described leading to a compound having low nanomolar activity against the receptor and demonstrating functional antagonism. Studies also showed that some of the compounds were selective against a range of other G protein-coupled receptors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4Computed Properties of C9H10O4).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Computed Properties of C9H10O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Novel thioether Schiff base transition metal complexes: Design, synthesis, characterization, molecular docking, computational, biological and catalytic studies was written by Singh, Anmol;Gogoi, Himadri Priya;Barman, Pranjit;Guha, Ankur Kanti. And the article was included in Applied Organometallic Chemistry in 2022.Quality Control of (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

A series of novel copper(II), nickel(II), zinc(II) and cobalt(II) Schiff base metal complexes were synthesized by the reaction of 2-(benzylthio)aniline with pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde and characterized by FT-IR, UV-visible, elemental analyses, ¹H-NMR, magnetic susceptibility and ESI-MS. The Schiff base ligand posed as an NS-bidentate ligand, confirming the synthesis of metal complexes with the suggested structure, according to the spectrum anal. data. All the complexes acquire square planar geometry. Furthermore, the DFT method was utilized to conduct computational analyses of metal complexes. The spectroscopic (UV-Vis and fluorescence) techniques were employed to probe the binding nature of calf thymus-DNA binding to metal complexes. The metal complexes interact with DNA through intercalative mode, according to the spectroscopic titration data. The antioxidant properties of metal complexes were evaluated using their reducing ability and free radical scavenging activity of DPPH. The antioxidant property is high in isolated complexes. The in vitro anti-inflammatory efficacy of all complexes has also been studied. All the metal complexes exhibited effective anti-inflammatory activity and can be used as synthetic drugs. The synthesized copper(II) complex exhibits excellent catalytic activities for the transformation reaction of alc. to aldehyde in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The interaction of metal complexes with active sites of the B-DNA (1-BNA) and 6-COX (COX 2) was studied using docking studies. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Quality Control of (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Quality Control of (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

A multi-photon fluorescence ′′on-off-on′′ probe based on organotin (IV) complex for high-sensitive detection of Cu²⁺ was written by Fang, Zhiyun;Chen, Dandan;Xu, Jing;Liu, Shanqing;Xu, Guoyong;Tian, Xiaohe;Xuan, Jun;Tian, Yupeng;Zhang, Qiong. And the article was included in Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical in 2022.Synthetic Route of C5H12O3 This article mentions the following:

Multi-photon materials were concerned widely in current research. Developing more probes with multi-photon properties were urgently exploded. In this work, two organotin (IV) complexes based on 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde and Et vanillin (G1PH3 and G2PH3) which possessed multi-photon property were designed and synthesized. G1PH3 which possessed three-photon absorption properties could detect Cu²⁺. Three-photon absorption cross section was 6.76 × 10^-82 cm⁶s²/mol^-2 when Cu²⁺ was added to G1PH3, the three-photon fluorescence cross section attained 23.80 × 10^-82 cm⁶s²/mol^-2 in the presence of 10 μM glucose. The Job′s plot anal. indicated that the combination ratio of G1PH3 and Cu²⁺ was 2:1. ¹H NMR titration and DFT calculation revealed that G1PH3 and Cu²⁺ had tight combination at the benzene position. G1PH3 had respond to glucose through ′′on′′ fluorescence in presence of Cu²⁺, which indicated that G1PH3 possessed dual function of detecting Cu²⁺ and glucose in vitro and in vivo. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Synthetic Route of C5H12O3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Synthetic Route of C5H12O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Thiourea-Mediated Halogenation of Alcohols was written by Mohite, Amar R.;Phatake, Ravindra S.;Dubey, Pooja;Agbaria, Mohamed;Shames, Alexander I.;Lemcoff, N. Gabriel;Reany, Ofer. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2020.Name: 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol This article mentions the following:

The halogenation of alcs. under mild conditions expedited by the presence of substoichiometric amounts of thiourea additives is presented. The amount of thiourea added dictates the pathway of the reaction, which may diverge from the desired halogenation reaction toward oxidation of the alc., in the absence of thiourea, or toward starting material recovery when excess thiourea is used. Both bromination and chlorination were highly efficient for primary, secondary, tertiary, and benzyl alcs. and tolerate a broad range of functional groups. Detailed ESR (EPR) studies, isotopic labeling, and other control experiments suggest a radical-based mechanism. The fact that the reaction is carried out at ambient conditions, uses ubiquitous and inexpensive reagents, boasts a wide scope, and can be made highly atom economic, makes this new methodol. a very appealing option for this archetypical organic reaction. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Name: 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Name: 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

A formal intermolecular [4+2] cycloaddition reaction of 1,3-disubstituted indoles and alkylquinones was written by Lin, Chao;Du, Hong-Jin;Zhao, Hui;Yan, Ding-Fei;Liu, Nai-Xin;Sun, Hongbin;Wen, Xiaoan;Xu, Qing-Long. And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2017.Application In Synthesis of 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione This article mentions the following:

A formal [4+2] cycloaddition reaction of 1,3-disubstituted indoles and alkylquinones was realized to furnish polycyclic indolines in good yields. This protocol proceeded smoothly under basic conditions, with high atom-economy and broad substrate scope. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7Application In Synthesis of 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Application In Synthesis of 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

CO₂ Fixation by Dual-Function Cu(triNHC) Catalysts as a Route to Carbonates and Carbamates via α-Alkylidene Carbonates was written by Seo, Changhyeon;Kim, Seong Eon;Kim, Hyunjin;Jang, Hye-Young. And the article was included in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering in 2022.Recommanded Product: (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

This study employed dual-functional Cu(triNHC) (triNHC = tri-N-heterocyclic carbene) catalysts for the efficient coupling of CO₂ with alcs. and amines to form various carbonates and carbamates with good yields. The direct synthesis of carbonates and carbamates from CO₂ was realized by the Cu(triNHC)-catalyzed carboxylative cyclization of CO₂ and propargyl alc. and subsequent reactions with an addnl. nucleophile (alcs. or amines). The free carbene dangled from the Cu(triNHC) catalysts deprotonated the propargyl alc. to increase the nucleophilicity toward CO₂ and the subsequent cyclization was accelerated by the coordination of the copper ion of Cu(triNHC). This dual function of Cu(triNHC) is critical to the reaction of α-alkylidene carbonates with nucleophiles, forming carbonates or carbamates. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Recommanded Product: (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Recommanded Product: (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

H₂-Free Selective Dehydroxymethylation of Primary Alcohols over Palladium Nanoparticle Catalysts was written by Yamaguchi, Sho;Kondo, Hiroki;Uesugi, Kohei;Sakoda, Katsumasa;Jitsukawa, Koichiro;Mitsudome, Takato;Mizugaki, Tomoo. And the article was included in ChemCatChem in 2021.Related Products of 111-77-3 This article mentions the following:

In this study, a novel, highly efficient, and reusable heterogeneous catalyst system was established for the H₂-free dehydroxymethylation of primary alcs. RCH₂OH (R = nonyl, Ph, pyridin-2-yl, oxolan-2-yl, etc.) using cerium oxide-supported palladium nanoparticles (Pd/CeO₂). A wide range of aliphatic and aromatic alcs. including biomass-derived alcs. was converted into the corresponding one-carbon shorter hydrocarbons RH in high yields in the absence of any additives, accompanied by the production of H₂ and CO. Pd/CeO₂ was easily recovered from the reaction mixture and reused, retaining its high activity, thus providing a simple and sustainable methodol. to produce hydrocarbon fuels from biomass-derived oxygenates. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Related Products of 111-77-3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Related Products of 111-77-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Small-Molecule Inhibitors of Cyclophilins Block Opening of the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore and Protect Mice From Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury was written by Panel, Mathieu;Ruiz, Isaac;Brillet, Rozenn;Lafdil, Fouad;Teixeira-Clerc, Fatima;Nguyen, Cong Trung;Calderaro, Julien;Gelin, Muriel;Allemand, Fred;Guichou, Jean-Francois;Ghaleh, Bijan;Ahmed-Belkacem, Abdelhakim;Morin, Didier;Pawlotsky, Jean-Michel. And the article was included in Gastroenterology in 2019.Application In Synthesis of 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione This article mentions the following:

Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury is a complication of liver surgery that involves mitochondrial dysfunction resulting from mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening. Cyclophilin D (PPIF or CypD) is a peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase that regulates mPTP opening in the inner mitochondrial membrane. We investigated whether and how recently created small-mol. inhibitors of CypD prevent opening of the mPTP in hepatocytes and the resulting effects in cell models and livers of mice undergoing ischemia/reperfusion injury. We measured the activity of 9 small-mol. inhibitors of cyclophilins in an assay of CypD activity. The effects of the small-mol. CypD inhibitors or vehicle on mPTP opening were assessed by measuring mitochondrial swelling and calcium retention in isolated liver mitochondria from C57BL/6J (wild-type) and Ppif-/- (CypD knockout) mice and in primary mouse and human hepatocytes by fluorescence microscopy. We induced ischemia/reperfusion injury in livers of mice given a small-mol. CypD inhibitor or vehicle before and during reperfusion and collected samples of blood and liver for histol. anal. The compounds inhibited peptidyl-prolyl isomerase activity (half maximal inhibitory concentration values, 0.2-16.2 μmol/L) and, as a result, calcium-induced mitochondrial swelling, by preventing mPTP opening (half maximal inhibitory concentration values, 1.4-132 μmol/L) in a concentration-dependent manner. The most potent inhibitor (C31) bound CypD with high affinity and inhibited swelling in mitochondria from livers of wild-type and Ppif-/- mice (indicating an addnl., CypD-independent effect on mPTP opening) and in primary human and mouse hepatocytes. Administration of C31 in mice with ischemia/reperfusion injury before and during reperfusion restored hepatic calcium retention capacity and oxidative phosphorylation parameters and reduced liver damage compared with vehicle. Recently created small-mol. inhibitors of CypD reduced calcium-induced swelling in mitochondria from mouse and human liver tissues. Administration of these compounds to mice during ischemia/reperfusion restored hepatic calcium retention capacity and oxidative phosphorylation parameters and reduced liver damage. These compounds might be developed to protect patients from ischemia/reperfusion injury after liver surgery or for other hepatic or nonhepatic disorders related to abnormal mPTP opening. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7Application In Synthesis of 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Application In Synthesis of 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Transfer hydrogenation of aldehydes and ketones catalyzed using an aminophosphinite POCN^H pincer complex of Ni(II) was written by Segizbayev, Medet;Oztopcu, Ozgur;Hayrapetyan, Davit;Shakhman, Dinmukhamed;Lyssenko, Konstantin A.;Khalimon, Andrey Y.. And the article was included in Dalton Transactions in 2020.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

The aminophosphinite pincer complex (POCNH)NiBr was found to effectively catalyze the transfer hydrogenation of aldehydes RCHO (R = Ph, thiophen-2-yl, 3-methoxyphenyl, etc.) and ketones R¹C(O)R² (R¹ = Et, Ph, 2-methoxypyridin-6-yl, etc.; R² = Me, Ph, 2-phenylethyl, Et; R¹R² = -(CH₂)₅-) with 2-propanol and KOtBu as a base, presenting a rare example of bifunctional nickel transfer hydrogenation catalysts. The transfer hydrogenation of aldehydes and ketones was found to be selective, tolerating a wide range of other functional groups, including those prone to reduction such as esters, amides, alkenes, pyridines, and nitriles. The reactions were suggested to proceed via the metal-ligand cooperative mechanism with an intermediacy of an amido (POCN)NiII species. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (6-Methoxypyridin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 63071-12-5Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

(6-Methoxypyridin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 63071-12-5) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Rhodium Nanoflowers Stabilized by a Nitrogen-Rich PEG-Tagged Substrate as Recyclable Catalyst for the Stereoselective Hydrosilylation of Internal Alkynes was written by Guo, Wusheng;Pleixats, Roser;Shafir, Alexandr;Parella, Teodor. And the article was included in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2015.SDS of cas: 16356-02-8 This article mentions the following:

Morphol. and size controllable Rh nanoparticles stabilized by a N-rich polyoxyethylenated derivative were prepared by reduction of RhCl₃ with NaBH₄ in H₂O at room temperature and fully characterized. The flower-like Rh NPs are effective and recyclable catalysts for the stereoselective hydrosilylation of challenging internal alkynes and diynes, affording the (E)-vinylsilanes in quant. yields for a wide range of substrates. The insolubility of the nanocatalyst in Et₂O allows its easy separation and recycling. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8SDS of cas: 16356-02-8).

1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.SDS of cas: 16356-02-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem