Tag: 100-200

Site-selective [2 + 2 + n] cycloadditions for rapid, scalable access to alkynylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was written by Kiel, Gavin R.;Bergman, Harrison M.;Tilley, T. Don. And the article was included in Chemical Science in 2020.Quality Control of 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne This article mentions the following:

Here, a general and scalable [2 + 2 + n] (n = 1 or 2) cycloaddition strategy to access polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that were decorated with synthetically versatile alkynyl groups and its application to seven structurally diverse PAH ring systems (thirteen new alkynylated PAHs in total) was presented. The critical discovery was the site-selectivity of an Ir-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition, which preferentially cyclized tethered diyne units with preservation of other (peripheral) alkynyl groups. The potential for generalization of the site-selectivity to other [2 + 2 + n] reactions was demonstrated by identification of a Cp₂Zr-mediated [2 + 2 + 1]/metallacycle transfer sequence for synthesis of an alkynylated, selenophene-annulated PAH. The new PAHs were excellent synthons for macrocyclic conjugated nanocarbons. As a proof of concept, four were subjected to alkyne metathesis catalysis to afford large, PAH-containing arylene ethylene macrocycles, which possess a range of cavity sizes reaching well into the nanometer regime. Notably, these high-yielding macrocyclizations establish that synthetically convenient pentynyl groups could be effective for metathesis since the 4-octyne byproduct was sequestered by 5 Å MS. Most importantly, this work was a demonstration of how site-selective reactions could be harnessed to rapidly build up structural complexity in a practical, scalable fashion. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8Quality Control of 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne).

1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Quality Control of 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Polymer-supported dichlorophosphate. A recoverable new reagent for synthesis of 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazoles was written by Li, Zheng;Yu, Jin-Lan;Yang, Jing-Ya;Shi, Sheng-Yi;Wang, Xi-Cun. And the article was included in Journal of Chemical Research in 2005.Formula: C9H10O4 This article mentions the following:

Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-supported dichlorophosphate was efficiently used as a recoverable new dehydration reagent for rapid synthesis of 2-amino-5-substituted-1,3,4-thiadiazoles under microwave irradiation and solvent-free condition by reactions of thiosemicarbazide with aliphatic acids, benzoic acid, aryloxy-acetic acids or furan-2-carboxylic acids. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4Formula: C9H10O4).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Formula: C9H10O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Natural-product-inspired design and synthesis of thiolated coenzyme Q analogs as promising agents against Gram-positive bacterial strains: insights into structure-activity relationship, activity profile, mode of action, and molecular docking was written by Yildirim, Hatice;Yildiz, Mahmut;Bayrak, Nilufer;Mataraci-Kara, Emel;Ozbek-Celik, Berna;Otsuka, Masami;Fujita, Mikako;Radwan, Mohamed O.;TuYuN, Amac Fatih. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 605-94-7 This article mentions the following:

In an attempt to develop effective and potentially active antibacterial and/or antifungal agents, we designed, synthesized, and characterized thiolated CoQ analogs (CoQ1-8) with an extensive antimicrobial study. The antimicrobial profile of these analogs was determined using four Gram-neg. bacteria, three Gram-pos. bacteria, and three fungi. Because of the fact that the thiolated CoQ analogs were quite effective on all tested Gram-pos. bacterial strains, including Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213) and Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), the first two thiolated CoQ analogs emerged as potentially the most desirable ones in this series. Importantly, after the evaluation of the antibacterial and antifungal activity, we presented an initial structure-activity relationship for these CoQ analogs. In addition, the most promising thiolated CoQ analogs (CoQ1 and CoQ2) having the lowest MIC values on all tested Gram-pos. bacterial strains, were further evaluated for their inhibition capacities of biofilm formation after evaluating their in vitro potential antimicrobial activity against each of 20 clin. obtained resistant strains of Gram-pos. bacteria. CoQ1 and CoQ2 exhibited potential mol. interactions with S. aureus DNA gyrase in addition to excellent pharmacokinetics and lead-likeness profiles. Our findings offer important implications for a potential antimicrobial drug candidate, in particular for the treatment of infections caused by clin. resistant MRSA isolates. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7HPLC of Formula: 605-94-7).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.HPLC of Formula: 605-94-7

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of 2,3-Disubstituted 5-Azaindoles via Heteroannulation Reaction and of 2-Substituted 5-Azaindoles through Domino Sila-Sonogashira/5-Endo Cyclization was written by Livecchi, Marion;Calvet, Geraldine;Schmidt, Frederic. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2012.Formula: C6H10O2 This article mentions the following:

A general and efficient procedure for the synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted 5-azaindoles, e.g. I, through the palladium-catalyzed heteroannulation of 4-acetamido-3-iodopyridines and diaryl-, dialkyl-, or arylalkylalkynes is described along with a study of the reaction regioselectivity. The preparation of 2-monosubstituted 5-azaindoles via sila-Sonogashira/5-endo cyclization is also reported. These methods allowed us to prepare 36 diversely substituted 5-azaindoles in good yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8Formula: C6H10O2).

1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Formula: C6H10O2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Photocatalyzed decarboxylation of oxamic acids under near-infrared conditions was written by Ogbu, Ikechukwu Martin;Bassani, Dario M.;Robert, Frederic;Landais, Yannick. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2022.Computed Properties of C5H12O3 This article mentions the following:

Photocatalyzed oxidative decarboxylation of oxamic acids under near-IR irradiation using Os(bptpy)₂(PF₆)₂ as catalyst was reported. The reaction was applied to the synthesis of urethanes RNHC(O)OR¹ [R = (CH₂)₂C₆H₅, 4-ClC₆H₄CH₂, cyclohexyl, etc.; R¹ = Et, i-Pr, CH₂CF₃, etc.] and heterocyclic amides. Mechanistic studies and comparative penetration depths between the NIR and the visible light mediated processes were discussed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Computed Properties of C5H12O3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Computed Properties of C5H12O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Effects of glymes on the distribution of Mg(B10H10) and Mg(B12H12) from the thermolysis of Mg(BH4)2 was written by Tran, Ba L.;Allen, Tamara N.;Bowden, Mark E.;Autrey, Tom;Jensen, Craig M.. And the article was included in Inorganics in 2021.Related Products of 112-49-2 This article mentions the following:

We examined the effects of concentrations and identities of various glymes, from monoglyme up to tetraglyme, on H₂ release from the thermolysis of Mg(BH4)2 at 160-200°C for 8 h. ¹¹B NMR anal. shows major products of Mg(B₁₀H₁₀) and Mg(B₁₂H₁₂); however, their relative ratio is highly dependent both on the identity and concentration of the glyme to Mg(BH₄)₂. Selective formation of Mg(B₁₀H₁₀) was observed with an equivalent of monoglyme and 0.25 equiv of tetraglyme. However, thermolysis of Mg(BH₄)₂ in the presence of stoichiometric or greater equivalent of glymes can lead to unselective formation of Mg(B₁₀H₁₀) and Mg(B₁₂H₁₂) products or inhibition of H₂ release. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Related Products of 112-49-2).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Related Products of 112-49-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Some new aryloxyacetic acid was written by Shah, V. H.;Purohit, D. M.;Mehta, T. S.;Ravat, N. R.;Doshi, N. G.. And the article was included in Journal of the Institution of Chemists (India) in 2003.Application In Synthesis of 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid This article mentions the following:

A number of aryloxyacetic acids were prepared The constitution of the products was supported by elemental analyses, IR and PMR spectral data. The products were screened for antimicrobial activity. All the compounds showed moderate activity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4Application In Synthesis of 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Application In Synthesis of 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Oligoethylene Glycol Side Chains Increase Charge Generation in Organic Semiconductor Nanoparticles for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution was written by Kosco, Jan;Gonzalez-Carrero, Soranyel;Howells, Calvyn T.;Zhang, Weimin;Moser, Maximilian;Sheelamanthula, Rajendar;Zhao, Lingyun;Willner, Benjamin;Hidalgo, Tania C.;Faber, Hendrik;Purushothaman, Balaji;Sachs, Michael;Cha, Hyojung;Sougrat, Rachid;Anthopoulos, Thomas D.;Inal, Sahika;Durrant, James R.;McCulloch, Iain. And the article was included in Advanced Materials (Weinheim, Germany) in 2022.Formula: C5H12O3 This article mentions the following:

Organic semiconductor nanoparticles (NPs) composed of an electron donor/acceptor (D/A) semiconductor blend have recently emerged as an efficient class of hydrogen-evolution photocatalysts. It is demonstrated that using conjugated polymers functionalized with (oligo)ethylene glycol side chains in NP photocatalysts can greatly enhance their H₂-evolution efficiency compared to their nonglycolated analogs. The strategy is broadly applicable to a range of structurally diverse conjugated polymers. Transient spectroscopic studies show that glycolation facilitates charge generation even in the absence of a D/A heterojunction, and further suppresses both geminate and nongeminate charge recombination in D/A NPs. This results in a high yield of photogenerated charges with lifetimes long enough to efficiently drive ascorbic acid oxidation, which is correlated with greatly enhanced H₂-evolution rates in the glycolated NPs. Glycolation increases the relative permittivity of the semiconductors and facilitates water uptake. Together, these effects may increase the high-frequency relative permittivity inside the NPs sufficiently, to cause the observed suppression of exciton and charge recombination responsible for the high photocatalytic activities of the glycolated NPs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Formula: C5H12O3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Formula: C5H12O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Ultrafast dynamics of formation and autodetachment of a dipole-bound state in an open-shell π-stacked dimer anion was written by Bull, James N.;West, Christopher W.;Verlet, Jan R. R.. And the article was included in Chemical Science in 2016.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Isolated π-stacked dimer radical anions present the simplest model of an excess electron in a π-stacked environment. Here, frequency-, angle-, and time-resolved photoelectron imaging together with electronic structure calculations have been used to characterize the π-stacked coenzyme Q₀ dimer radical anion and its exited state dynamics. In the ground electronic state, the excess electron is localised on one monomer with a planar para-quinone ring, which is solvated by the second monomer in which carbonyl groups are bent out of the para-quinone ring plane. Through the π-stacking interaction, the dimer anion exhibits a number of charge-transfer (intermol.) valence-localised resonances situated in the detachment continuum that undergo efficient internal conversion to a cluster dipole-bound state (DBS) on a ∼60 fs timescale. In turn, the DBS undergoes vibration-mediated autodetachment on a 2.0 ± 0.2 ps timescale. Exptl. vibrational structure and supporting calculations assign the intermol. dynamics to be facilitated by vibrational wagging modes of the carbonyl groups on the non-planar monomer. At photon energies ∼0.6-1.0 eV above the detachment threshold, a competition between photoexcitation of an intermol. resonance leading to the DBS, and photoexcitation of an intramol. resonance leading to monomer-like dynamics further illustrates the π-stacking specific dynamics. Overall, this study provides the first direct observation of both internal conversion of resonances into a DBS, and characterization of a vibration-mediated autodetachment in real-time. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Controlling n-Type Molecular Doping via Regiochemistry and Polarity of Pendant Groups on Low Band Gap Donor-Acceptor Copolymers was written by Ye, Gang;Liu, Jian;Qiu, Xinkai;Stater, Sebastian;Qiu, Li;Liu, Yuru;Yang, Xuwen;Hildner, Richard;Koster, L. Jan Anton;Chiechi, Ryan C.. And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2021.Product Details of 111-77-3 This article mentions the following:

We demonstrate the impact of the type and position of pendant groups on the n-doping of low-band gap donor-acceptor (D-A) copolymers. Polar glycol ether groups simultaneously increase the electron affinities of D-A copolymers and improve the host/dopant miscibility compared to nonpolar alkyl groups, improving the doping efficiency by a factor of over 40. The bulk mobility of the doped films increases with the fraction of polar groups, leading to a best conductivity of 0.08 S cm^-1 and power factor (PF) of 0.24μW m^-1 K^-2 in the doped copolymer with the polar pendant groups on both the D and A moieties. We used spatially resolved absorption spectroscopy to relate commensurate morphol. changes to the dispersion of dopants and to the relative local doping efficiency, demonstrating a direct relationship between the morphol. of the polymer phase, the solvation of the mol. dopant, and the elec. properties of doped films. Our work offers fundamental new insights into the influence of the phys. properties of pendant chains on the mol. doping process, which should be generalizable to any molecularly doped polymer films. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Product Details of 111-77-3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Product Details of 111-77-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem