Tag: 100-200

Enabling the biosynthesis of Antroquinonol in submerged fermentation of Antrodia camphorata was written by Hu, Yong-Dan;Zhang, Huan;Lu, Rui-Qiu;Liao, Xiang-Ru;Zhang, Bo-Bo;Xu, Gan-Rong. And the article was included in Biochemical Engineering Journal in 2014.Application In Synthesis of 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione This article mentions the following:

In recent years, Antroquinonol has been considered as one of the most potent bioactive components in the medicinal mushroom Antrodia camphorata. However, Antroquinonol could not be produced via conventional submerged fermentation of A. camphorata. In this study, the biosynthesis of Antroquinonol was successfully enabled and stimulated in the submerged fermentation by the addition of its precursors including p-hydroxybenzoic acid, geraniol and coenzyme Q₀. Referred to their structures, they involve in the biosynthesis of the quinonoid nucleus and polyprenyl side chain of Antroquinonol, resp. Moreover, the appropriate concentration and addition time of these precursors were systematically studied. The maximum production of Antroquinonol could be achieved at 82.22 ± 0.49 mg/L with the multiple additions of coenzyme Q₀ and p-hydroxybenzoic acid. This study demonstrated the bioprocess regulation of Antroquinonol production, which will be of great significance for the scientific study of A. camphorata. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7Application In Synthesis of 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Application In Synthesis of 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Solvent-, Silver-, and Acid-Free NHC-Au-X Catalyzed Hydration of Alkynes. The Pivotal Role of the Counterion was written by Gatto, Mattia;Belanzoni, Paola;Belpassi, Leonardo;Biasiolo, Luca;DelZotto, Alessandro;Tarantelli, Francesco;Zuccaccia, Daniele. And the article was included in ACS Catalysis in 2016.SDS of cas: 16356-02-8 This article mentions the following:

NHC-Au-X (NHC = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene, X^– = BArF^–, BF₄^–, SbF₆^–, OTf^–, NTf₂^–, ClO₄^–, OTs^–, TFA^–) catalysts were tested in the hydration of alkynes. A complete rationalization of the counterion effect enabled us to develop a highly efficient methodol. under solvent-, silver-, and acid-free conditions. Thus, it was possible to use room or mild (60 °C) temperature and to reduce the catalyst loading up to 0.01 mol % with respect to the substrate, leading to high TON (10⁴) and TOF (10³ h^-1) values. The favorable catalytic conditions allowed us to reach very low E factor (0.03-0.06) and high EMY (94-97) values. Finally, the absence of solvent permits easy separation of the liquid product from solid catalyst and ionic additives by distillation, giving products with high purity that are uncontaminated by metals. This opens the way to catalyst recycling (up to four times) without loss of activity. The overall catalytic and kinetic evidence, supported by computational results, confirms that the anion plays a crucial role in all steps of the reaction mechanism: pre-equilibrium, nucleophilic attack, and protodeauration. As a matter of fact, only the two complexes bearing OTf^– and NTf₂^– counterions showed catalytic activity; all others are completely inactive. Protodeauration is the rate-determining step under these aprotic and apolar conditions, and in calculations, the first anion-mediated proton transfer takes place easily in one step, leading to a gold-enol complex. Different pathways were computationally explored for the conversion of gold-enol to ketone product by modeling different exptl. conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8SDS of cas: 16356-02-8).

1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).SDS of cas: 16356-02-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Identification of minor secondary metabolites from the latex of Croton lechleri (Muell-Arg) and evaluation of their antioxidant activity was written by de Marino, Simona;Gala, Fulvio;Zollo, Franco;Vitalini, Sara;Fico, Gelsomina;Visioli, Francesco;Iorizzi, Maria. And the article was included in Molecules in 2008.Recommanded Product: 3929-47-3 This article mentions the following:

Dragon’s blood (Sangre de drago), a viscous red sap derived from Croton lechleri Muell-Arg (Euphorbiaceae), is extensively used by indigenous cultures of the Amazonian basin for its wound healing properties. The aim of this study was to identify the minor secondary metabolites and test the antioxidant activity of this substance. A bioguided fractionation of the n-hexane, chloroform, n-butanol, and aqueous extracts led to the isolation of 15 compounds: 3 megastigmanes, 4 flavanols, 3 phenylpropanoids, 3 lignans, a clerodane, and the alkaloid taspine. In addition to these known mols., 6 compounds were isolated and identified for the first time in the latex: blumenol B, blumenol C, 4,5-dihydroblumenol A, erythro-guaiacyl-glyceryl-β-O-4′-dihydroconiferyl either, 2-[4-(3-hydroxypropyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy]-propane-1,3-diol and floribundic acid glucoside. Combinations of spectroscopic methods (¹H-, ¹³C- NMR and 2D-NMR experiments), ESI-MS, and literature comparisons were used for compound identification. In vitro antioxidant activities were assessed by DPPH, total antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation assays. Flavan-3-ols derivatives (as major phenolic compounds in the latex) exhibited the highest antioxidant activity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3Recommanded Product: 3929-47-3).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Recommanded Product: 3929-47-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

PdCl₂/CuCl₂/Bi(OTf)₃-promoted Construction of Sulfonyl Dibenzooxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes and Arylnaphthalenes via Intramolecular Annulation of Sulfonyl o-Allylarylchromanones was written by Hsueh, Nai-Chen;Chang, Meng-Yang. And the article was included in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2020.Recommanded Product: 57179-35-8 This article mentions the following:

PdCl₂/CuCl₂/Bi(OTf)₃-promoted intramol. domino annulation of sulfonyl o-allylarylchromanones, e.g., I provides tetracyclic sulfonyl dibenzooxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes, e.g., II and bicyclic arylnaphthalenes, e.g., III with good to excellent yields in MeOH at room (25°C) and refluxing (65°C) temperature, resp. The starting sulfonyl o-allylarylchromanones, e.g., I can be easily obtained from the intermol. cyclocondensation of α-sulfonyl o-hydroxyacetophenones, e.g., 1-(5-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]ethanone and o-allylbenzaldehydes, e.g., 3,4-dimethoxy-2-allylbenzaldehyde. The uses of various catalysts and solvent systems are investigated herein for convenient transformation. A plausible mechanism is proposed and discussed. This protocol provides one-pot ring closure via carbon-carbon (C-C) bond formation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 57179-35-8Recommanded Product: 57179-35-8).

3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 57179-35-8) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Recommanded Product: 57179-35-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Bio-inspired lanthanum-ortho-quinone catalysis for aerobic alcohol oxidation: semi-quinone anionic radical as redox ligand was written by Zhang, Ruipu;Zhang, Runze;Jian, Ruijun;Zhang, Long;Zhang, Ming-Tian;Xia, Yu;Luo, Sanzhong. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2022.Application In Synthesis of (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

Oxidation reactions are fundamental transformations in organic synthesis and chem. industry. With oxygen or air as terminal oxidant, aerobic oxidation catalysis provides the most sustainable and economic oxidation processes. Most aerobic oxidation catalysis employs redox metal as its active center. While nature provides non-redox metal strategy as in pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)-dependent methanol dehydrogenases (MDH), such an effective chem. version is unknown. Inspired by the recently discovered rare earth metal-dependent enzyme Ln-MDH (methanol dehydrogenases), this study shows that an open-shell semi-quinone anionic radical species in complexing with lanthanum could serve as a very efficient aerobic oxidation catalyst under ambient conditions. In this catalyst, the lanthanum(III) ion serves only as a Lewis acid promoter and the redox process occurs exclusively on the semiquinone ligand. The catalysis is initiated by 1e^–-reduction of lanthanum-activated ortho-quinone to a semiquinone-lanthanum complex La(SQ^-.)₂, which undergoes a coupled O-H/C-H (PCHT: proton coupled hydride transfer) dehydrogenation for aerobic oxidation of alcs. such as benzyl alc., 1,4-butane-diol, 1-(2-furyl)ethanol, etc. with up to 330 h^-1 TOF. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Application In Synthesis of (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Application In Synthesis of (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Organocatalytic dynamic kinetic resolution of N-arylindole lactams: Atroposelective construction of axially chiral amino acids bearing a C-N chiral axis was written by Hong, Xianfang;Guo, Jingcheng;Liu, Jinhua;Cao, Wei;Wei, Chenlong;Zhang, Ye;Zhang, Xiaoxiang;Fu, Zhenqian. And the article was included in Science China: Chemistry in 2022.SDS of cas: 105-13-5 This article mentions the following:

Organocatalytic dynamic kinetic resolution of configurationally labile cyclic mols. represents one of the most efficient methods for the atroposelective construction of axially chiral mols. bearing a tetra-ortho-substituted chiral axis. Notably, this privileged strategy is limited to constructing a C-C chiral axis. Herin, organocatalytic dynamic kinetic resolution of configurationally labile N-arylindole lactams has been successfully achieved for the first time, allowing for access to a structurally diverse set of axially chiral N-arylindole amino esters with a tetra-ortho-substituted C-N chiral axis in excellent yields and atroposelectivities. In addition to the N-arylindole skeleton, N-aryl thieno[3,2-b]pyrrole, furo[3,2-b]pyrrole, and pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine skeletons are also compatible with this transformation. This transition-metal-free facile strategy features a broad substrate scope, mild reaction conditions, easy scale-up and excellent atom economy. Several potentially valuable mols., such as axially chiral peptides, were efficiently generated from the resulting configurationally stable axially-chiral N-arylindole amino esters, demonstrating the power of this strategy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5SDS of cas: 105-13-5).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.SDS of cas: 105-13-5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis, structure, and photophysical/chiroptical properties of benzopicene-based π-conjugated molecules was written by Murayama, Koichi;Shibata, Yu;Sugiyama, Haruki;Uekusa, Hidehiro;Tanaka, Ken. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2017.HPLC of Formula: 16356-02-8 This article mentions the following:

The convenient synthesis of substituted benzopicenes and azabenzopicenes I (X = C, N; R¹, R² = H, CO₂Et, alkyl, CH₂CH) has been achieved by the cationic rhodium(I)/H₈-BINAP or BINAP complex-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition of 1,1′-dialkynyl-2,2′-binaphthalene under mild conditions. This method was applied to the synthesis of benzopicene-based long ladder (II, R³ = C₁₂H₂₅) and helical (III, R⁴ = Ph, Bu; Y₂ = O, 9-fluorenylidene) mols. The x-ray crystal structure anal. revealed that the benzopicene-based helical mol. is highly distorted and the average distance of overlapped rings is markedly shorter than that in the triphenylene-based helical mol. Photophys. and chiroptical properties of these benzopicene and azabenzopicene derivatives have also been examined With respect to photophys. properties, substituted benzopicenes and azabenzopicenes showed red shifts of absorption and emission maxima compared with the corresponding triphenylenes and azatriphenylenes. With respect to chiroptical properties, the CPL spectra of the benzopicene-based helical mol. showed two opposite peaks, and thus the value of the CPL was smaller than that of the triphenylene-based helical mol. presumably due to the presence of two chiral fluorophores. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8HPLC of Formula: 16356-02-8).

1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.HPLC of Formula: 16356-02-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Selective Ether/Ester C-O Cleavage of an Acetylated Lignin Model via Tandem Catalysis was written by Lohr, Tracy L.;Li, Zhi;Marks, Tobin J.. And the article was included in ACS Catalysis in 2015.Synthetic Route of C11H16O3 This article mentions the following:

Selective ether/ester C-O bond hydrogenolysis of an acetylated lignin model is achieved using a thermodynamically leveraged tandem catalytic strategy. Acetylation serves to (1) solubilize both lignin and lignin models and to (2) modify the reactivity of pendant hydroxy groups to promote more selective C-O cleavage. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3Synthetic Route of C11H16O3).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Synthetic Route of C11H16O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Thermal and photocatalytic cascade one-pot synthesis of secondary amine using multifunctional Pd decorated MOF-derived CeO₂ was written by More, Ganesh Sunil;Kushwaha, Nidhi;Bal, Rajaram;Srivastava, Rajendra. And the article was included in Journal of Colloid and Interface Science in 2022.Related Products of 105-13-5 This article mentions the following:

Pd decorated MOF-derived CeO₂ was prepared for the cascade one-pot synthesis of secondary amine by thermal and photocatalytic routes. Among the designed catalysts, Pd(0.5%)/CeO₂-300 exhibited the best activity for thermal and photocatalytic one-pot secondary amine synthesis involving benzyl alc. and aniline. The physicochem. characteristics of Pd(0.5%)/CeO₂-300 suited for the oxidation of benzyl alc. followed by condensation with aniline to form an imine. Further, reduction of imine over Pd NPs decorated on CeO₂-300 took place to form secondary amine. An excellent conversion of benzyl alc. and secondary amine selectivity was observed thermally at 100°C in 26 h. The Pd(0.5%)/CeO₂-300 exhibited excellent activity in white LED. Interestingly, more activity was achieved in sunlight. The Pd(0.5%)/CeO₂-300 demonstrated excellent stability under thermal and photocatalytic conditions and was recycled 5 times without losing any significant activity. The surface area, acidity, and elemental compositions were characterized by various physicochem. techniques. The light absorption property, bandgap, charge carrier separation, and photocurrent measurements were carried out by photoelectrochem. and optoelectronic anal. The reaction mechanism and structural activity relationship correlated with control experiments, catalytic activity data, physicochem., and optoelectronic characterization. One catalyst affording efficient activity in conventional thermal and photocatalytic conditions, especially sunlight, would be exciting to researchers and industrial practitioners. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Related Products of 105-13-5).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Related Products of 105-13-5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Rhodium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of Silicon-Stereogenic Dibenzosiloles by Enantioselective [2+2+2] Cycloaddition was written by Shintani, Ryo;Takagi, Chihiro;Ito, Tomoaki;Naito, Masanobu;Nozaki, Kyoko. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2015.Synthetic Route of C6H10O2 This article mentions the following:

A rhodium-catalyzed asym. synthesis of silicon-stereogenic dibenzosiloles has been developed through a [2+2+2] cycloaddition of silicon-containing prochiral triynes with internal alkynes. High yields and enantioselectivities have been achieved by employing an axially chiral monophosphine ligand, and the present catalysis is also applicable to the asym. synthesis of a germanium-stereogenic dibenzogermole. Preliminary studies on the optical properties of these compounds are also described. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8Synthetic Route of C6H10O2).

1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Synthetic Route of C6H10O2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem