Month: March 2021

Chemistry is the experimental and theoretical study of materials on their properties at both the macroscopic and microscopic levels. 1163-19-5, Name is 6,6′-Oxybis(1,2,3,4,5-pentabromobenzene), molecular formula is C12Br10O. In an article, author is Hu, Xu,once mentioned of 1163-19-5, Product Details of 1163-19-5.

Piperidinium functionalized aryl ether-free polyaromatics as anion exchange membrane for water electrolysers: Performance and durability

The rapid progress development of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) enables their practical utilization in AEM alkaline electrolysers. Here, we reported a series of quaternized poly [(terphenyl piperidinium)-co-(oxindole terphenylylene)] (PTP) as AEMs materials for AEM electrolysers application, which were synthesized by superacid-catalyzed copolymerization of p-terphenyl, isatin and N-methyl-4-piperidone followed by quaternization methyl iodide. The aryl ether-free polyaromatics endow the PTP AEMs with alkaline-stable polymer backbone and excellent mechanical property with the tensile strength of 29.2-36.5 MPa. PTP-90 membrane (IEC = 2.52 mmol/g) showed the highest conductivity of 64.4 and 128.9 mS/cm at 20 and 80 degrees C, respectively. Ex situ alkaline stability in 1 M NaOH at 80 degrees C indicated 40% of loss in hydroxide conductivity after 934 h of testing for PTP-85 membrane, and NMR results of the aged membranes revealed the degradation of functional N, N-dimethylpiperidinium (DMP) cations in the PTP membranes via Hofmann elimination and nucleophilic substitution. More importantly, the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) with PTP membrane was utilized in an AEM alkaline electrolyser fed with 1 M NaOH. The MEA with highly conductive PTP-90 membrane demonstrated the performance of the 910 mA/cm(2) at 2.2 V at 55 degrees C and 1000 mA/cm(2) at 75 degrees C. Further cell durability tests showed that after operating at the 400 mA/cm(2) for 120 h at 55 degrees C, significant chemical degradation was observed by post-cell analysis of PTP membrane using NMR spectroscopy, which was associated with the cationic group degradation via Hofmann elimination and nucleophilic substitution reaction. In contrast, no chemical degradation was found for PTP membrane even in ex situ 10 M NaOH at 55 degrees C for 200 h. The in-situ durability tests also suggest that the working environment of the electrolyzer may accelerate the degradation of cationic group in the AEM.

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A catalyst don’t appear in the overall stoichiometry of the reaction it catalyzes, but it must appear in at least one of the elementary reactions in the mechanism for the catalyzed reaction. 5111-65-9, Name is 2-Bromo-6-methoxynaphthalene, molecular formula is C11H9BrO. In an article, author is Hamzah, Wan Suzaini Wan,once mentioned of 5111-65-9, Formula: C11H9BrO.

Microwave-assisted chemistry: parametric optimization for catalytic degradation of lignin model compounds in imidazolium-based ILs

Lignin, a readily available form of biomass with a potential source of aromatic chemical compounds, has not been fully utilized due to its complex structure. Hence, this study aims to elaborate and optimize the effects of parametric microwave conditions for the catalytic degradation of lignin model compounds. In addition to that, 41 types of imidazolium-based Ionic liquids were employed for the conversion of lignin model compounds such as guaiacol and benzyl phenyl ether. The microwave-assisted conversion of lignin model compounds in imidazolium-based ionic liquids was performed at optimum applied microwave power 700 W and 30-min irradiation time. The percentages conversion and yield were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Results revealed that the chloride anion-based ionic liquids exhibited better nucleophilic behavior and catalyzed the cleavage of ether-based compounds efficiently under microwave irradiation. Among the imidazolium-based ionic liquids, 1H-methylimidazolium chloride ([1H-MIM][Cl]) exhibited better performance with guaiacol conversion and catechol yield of 99% and 81%, respectively. Therefore, the microwave-assisted technique was found to be more promising than conventional methods for the ionic liquid-based catalytic degradation of lignin model compounds.

Interested yet? Keep reading other articles of 5111-65-9, you can contact me at any time and look forward to more communication. Formula: C11H9BrO.

Synthetic Route of 101-84-8, The transformation of simple hydrocarbons into more complex and valuable products via catalytic C¨CH bond functionalisation has revolutionised modern synthetic chemistry. 101-84-8, Name is Diphenyl oxide, SMILES is C1(OC2=CC=CC=C2)=CC=CC=C1, belongs to ethers-buliding-blocks compound. In a article, author is Liu, Zehui, introduce new discover of the category.

Effects of Decabrominated Diphenyl Ether Exposure on Growth, Meat Characteristics and Blood Profiles in Broilers

Simple Summary Decabrominated diphenyl ether (BDE-209) has been widely used in recent decades, and its cumulative toxicity to crops, animals and human beings is attracting increasing attention. In this study, we established broiler models to investigate the effects of BDE-209 exposure at doses of 0, 0.02, 0.4 and 4 mg/kg on growth, carcass traits, meat quality, blood profiles and antioxidant capacity. Our results suggested that BDE-209 exposure altered the blood profiles and carcass traits and exhibited toxicity in liver and kidney functions. Furthermore, BDE-209 increased plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations and decreased the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), which implied aggravating oxidant stress and decline of antioxidant capacity in broilers. Decabrominated diphenyl ether (BDE-209) is widely used as a flame retardant and is detected at high levels in the environment. Its toxicities have been reported and have attracted attention. In the present study, broilers were used to determine the response in growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality, blood profiles and antioxidant system to BDE-209 exposure at doses of 0, 0.02, 0.4 and 4 mg/kg. The results showed that BDE-209 exposure at levels of 0.02 or 0.4 mg/kg increased feed intake and decreased feed efficiency. BDE-209 altered the blood profiles, such as reducing the numbers of white blood cells, lymphocytes and neutrophilic granulocytes. As compared with the control, BDE-209 exposure significantly increased abdominal fat percentages of broilers at 64.9-159.5% and adversely affected the selected biochemical indicators, including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine (CRE), which indicated its toxicity to liver and kidney functions. Moreover, BDE-209 exposure significantly increased plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations and decreased the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), which implied aggravating oxidant stress and decline of antioxidant capacity in broilers. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that the environmental pollutant BDE-209 adversely influenced growth performance, increased the deposition of abdominal fat, impaired antioxidant capacity and the immune system and had potential toxicity to the liver and kidney of broilers.

Synthetic Route of 101-84-8, Consequently, the presence of a catalyst will permit a system to reach equilibrium more quickly, but it has no effect on the position of the equilibrium as reflected in the value of its equilibrium constant.I hope my blog about 101-84-8 is helpful to your research.

Related Products of 20059-73-8, Redox catalysis has been broadly utilized in electrochemical synthesis due to its kinetic advantages over direct electrolysis. The appropriate choice of redox mediator can avoid electrode passivation and overpotential. 20059-73-8, Name is 2-(4-(Aminomethyl)phenoxy)-N,N-dimethylethanamine, SMILES is CN(C)CCOC1=CC=C(CN)C=C1, belongs to ethers-buliding-blocks compound. In a article, author is Hwang, Minsik, introduce new discover of the category.

Composite solid polymer electrolyte with silica filler for structural supercapacitor applications

Structural supercapacitors are energy storage devices that can function as structural materials. We synthesized composite solid polymer electrolytes (CSPEs) from 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate ([EMIm][OTF]), poly (ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether acrylate (PEGA) and functionalized silica filler. Two types of fumed silica were used: one had an unmodified surface, and the other an organically modified surface. The CSPEs were prepared by adding ionic liquids (IL) to the PEGA and the ratios between PEGA and IL were 7: 3 and 5: 5, respectively. The functionalized silica was synthesized by the sol-gel method under acidic conditions using methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (MAPTMS), whereas the effects of silica filler on the electrochemical and thermal properties of CSPEs were investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and differential scanning calorimetry. The ionic conductivity of CSPEs based on PEGA/[OTF]_SiO2 at various concentrations of [EMIm][OTF] was 5.7×10(-4) and 4.8×10(-4)S/cm, and their specific capacitance was 10.0 and 9.5 F/g, respectively. With the addition of silica filler, the ionic conductivity and specific capacitance of the synthesized CSPEs were lower than those of the neat CSPEs.

Related Products of 20059-73-8, Each elementary reaction can be described in terms of its molecularity, the number of molecules that collide in that step. The slowest step in a reaction mechanism is the rate-determining step.you can also check out more blogs about 20059-73-8.

Related Products of 93-04-9, Enzymes are biological catalysts that produce large increases in reaction rates and tend to be specific for certain reactants and products. 93-04-9, Name is 2-Methoxynaphthalene, SMILES is COC1=CC2=C(C=CC=C2)C=C1, belongs to ethers-buliding-blocks compound. In a article, author is Zhao, Wenyan, introduce new discover of the category.

The influence of long carbon fiber and its orientation on the properties of three-dimensional needle-punched CF/PEEK composites

In this work, high performance composite materials with high mechanical strength and isotropic properties are expected to obtained. Long carbon fiber (40 mm) reinforced poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) composites were prepared by three-dimensional (3D) needle-punched method. Orthogonal test was used to optimize molding parameters of 3D needle-punched CF/PEEK (30/70) composites. The influence of carbon fiber content and its orientation on the mechanical properties, thermal properties, crystallization properties and microstructure of the composites were studied in the range of 30-60 wt %. The excellent mechanical properties were shown with the increase of fiber content, and the composites were approximately isotropic in-plane due to the random fiber orientation. With the increase of carbon fiber content, the melting point measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and 5% weight loss temperature tested by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of the composites increased slightly, however the heat deflection temperature (HDT) increased obviously. SEM observation showed that compared with traditional thermoplastic plate, 3D needle-punched CF/PEEK composites could provide multi-direction impregnation channel for PEEK melt resin to realize multi-point impregnation, as a result, carbon fiber had a better impregnation effect in PEEK resin matrix. It was found that the tensile modulus and flexural modulus of CF/PEEK were very close to those of human cortical bone. It would reduce the stress shielding effect and has great application value if it is applied to the orthopaedic bone plate.

Related Products of 93-04-9, One of the oldest and most widely used commercial enzyme inhibitors is aspirin, which selectively inhibits one of the enzymes involved in the synthesis of molecules that trigger inflammation. you can also check out more blogs about 93-04-9.

The reaction rate of a catalyzed reaction is faster than the reaction rate of the uncatalyzed reaction at the same temperature. 101-55-3, Name is 1-Bromo-4-phenoxybenzene, SMILES is BrC1=CC=C(OC2=CC=CC=C2)C=C1, in an article , author is Li, Leibo, once mentioned of 101-55-3, Name: 1-Bromo-4-phenoxybenzene.

A universal strategy to improve interfacial kinetics of solid supercapacitors used in high temperature

The growing application domain of energy storage devices (ESDs) is leading research to temperature tolerant supercapacitors. To realize reliable and safe devices, high modulus solid electrolytes are favored by most researchers. However, the inferior infiltrating ability of such electrolytes usually results in poor electrochemical performances of the ESDs. Herein, we adopted a hierarchical optimization strategy to address the aforementioned interfacial issues. Continuous ionic percolation throughout the hierarchical pores of the 3D electrode was formed by in-situ introducing an ionogel buffer layer. Benefiting from this, the rate of ions diffusing within electrodes was increased by 5 times. Furthermore, the kinetics of ions entering into nanopores was improved via introducing small size ions into ionic liquids (ILs) and adjusting the solvated structures. Both the capacity and rate performance of the electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLCs) were improved. Additionally, the buffer layer exhibited sufficient thermostability to cooperate with poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK)-based solid electrolyte. Consequently, the EDLCs exhibited excellent cycling stability (79% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles) at 120 degrees C and delivered a maximum energy density of 46.9 Wh kg(-1) with a power density of 926.9 W kg(-1). Our strategy is believed to be effective to cooperate with various solid electrolyte systems and offer a general design principle for durable and high performance EDLCs. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Interested yet? Read on for other articles about 101-55-3, you can contact me at any time and look forward to more communication. Name: 1-Bromo-4-phenoxybenzene.

The reaction rate of a catalyzed reaction is faster than the reaction rate of the uncatalyzed reaction at the same temperature. 578-57-4, Name is 1-Bromo-2-methoxybenzene, SMILES is COC1=CC=CC=C1Br, in an article , author is Rosu, Liliana, once mentioned of 578-57-4, COA of Formula: C7H7BrO.

Bio-based coatings from epoxy resins crosslinked with a rosin acid derivative for wood thermal and anti-fungal protection

Biocomposites (WECs) were obtained by thermal crosslinking on wood of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA), three epoxidized oils (EO) (soybean, grapeseed, corn) and maleopimaric acid (MPA) in the presence of triethylbenzylammonium chloride (TEBAC). The materials were investigated concerning their coating properties, thermal stability and degradation kinetics, chemical resistance, morphological and anti-fungal behaviour. The anti-fungal properties of the WECs were assessed against Aspergillus brasiliensis, Penicillium chrysogenum and Cladosporium cladosporioides. The coated wood exhibited superior thermal and anti-fungal resistance.

Interested yet? Read on for other articles about 578-57-4, you can contact me at any time and look forward to more communication. COA of Formula: C7H7BrO.

1116-77-4, Name is 4,4-Diethoxy-N,N-dimethyl-1-butanamine, molecular formula is C10H23NO2, belongs to ethers-buliding-blocks compound, is a common compound. In a patnet, author is Smith, James A., once mentioned the new application about 1116-77-4, Quality Control of 4,4-Diethoxy-N,N-dimethyl-1-butanamine.

Printability and mechanical performance of biomedical PDMS-PEEK composites developed for material extrusion

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) materials are widely adopted in the manufacture of facial prostheses, lab-on-chip devices and scaffolds for soft-tissue engineering applications; however, their processing by additive manufacturing (AM) has proved challenging. Liquid silicone rubbers (LSRs) are favoured for their high shape fidelity when cast, but their low viscosity and surface tension often prevent self-support, post-extrusion. Poly (ether) ether ketone (PEEK) particle reinforcement through interfacial bonding has proven to enhance key properties of PDMS, expanding their end-use functionality. Still, the impact of such particles on the printability of LSR-PDMS is not explored. In this study, for the first time, solvent-free biocompatible PDMS-PEEK composites (up to 30 wt% PEEK) were successfully characterised for material extrusion (ME) printing. Rheological analysis confirmed shear-thinning of all PDMS-PEEK composites under applied load (within the tolerances of the printer) and dominant storage moduli at rest (i.e. prints can self-support), considered highly desirable for ME-based printing. Attained rheological datasets were used to guide initial printability studies, which revealed finer track fidelity with rising fractional content of PEEK, at comparable print speed and displacement values. Composites with higher PEEK content demonstrated significant increases in Shore A hardness and stiffness (in tension and compression) in bulk form. Last but not least, enhanced shape fidelity (thanks to PEEK reinforcement) and geometrical autonomy further expanded the manufacturing freedom of PDMS, whereby infill density could be controlled in order to increase the range of mechanical performance, previously unachievable with conventional casting fabrication. Fundamentally, this could lead to the manufacture of bespoke spatially graded multi-material structures and devices that could be used to replicate the heterogenous properties of soft human tissues and in other advanced material applications.

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Chemistry, like all the natural sciences, begins with the direct observation of nature¡ª in this case, of matter.103-50-4, Name is Benzyl ether, SMILES is C1(COCC2=CC=CC=C2)=CC=CC=C1, belongs to ethers-buliding-blocks compound. In a document, author is Jiang, Xue, introduce the new discover, Application In Synthesis of Benzyl ether.

Ignition delay times of iso-butane activated by DME under various equivalence ratios in the shock tube

The ignition delay time of the high cetane number dimethyl ether (DME), high octane number i-butane, and their binary blends were investigated in a shock tube over the temperature range of 1091-1797 K, pressures of 2-10 atm, and equivalence ratios of 0.5-2.0. The LLNL iso-Octane Model and the DME sub-set of the Aramco3.0 Model were assembled together to reproduce the ignition delay behavior of the binary blends. Chemical kinetic analyses were conducted to understand the interplay between DME and i-butane at high temperatures. The ignition delay of DME and i-butane show the opposite equivalence ratio dependence under the current conditions. The promoting effect of DME addition on the ignition delay of i-butane becomes more significant as the equivalence ratio increases. The research result shows that there is no significant fuel to fuel interactions between DME and i-butane in the present conditions. The high reactivity of DME and its rapid accumulation of the free radicals lead to the promoted auto-ignition of i-butane.

The proportionality constant is the rate constant for the particular unimolecular reaction. the reaction rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. I hope my blog about 103-50-4 is helpful to your research. Application In Synthesis of Benzyl ether.

Chemistry is an experimental science, Formula: C11H18N2O, and the best way to enjoy it and learn about it is performing experiments.Introducing a new discovery about 20059-73-8, Name is 2-(4-(Aminomethyl)phenoxy)-N,N-dimethylethanamine, molecular formula is C11H18N2O, belongs to ethers-buliding-blocks compound. In a document, author is Song, Yueyao.

Reaction mechanisms and product patterns of Pteris vittata pyrolysis for cleaner energy

The pyrolysis behaviors, kinetics, evolved products, and optimization of aboveground (PA) and below ground (PB) biomass of Pteris vittata were quantified. The pyrolysis performance in response to the elevated heating rate was improved by 21.21 and 16.79 times for PA and PB, respectively. CH4 and CO emissions were produced more from the pyrolysis of PB than PA. The increased pyrolysis temperatures of PA and PB led to the three consecutive releases of C=O (alcohol, ketone, acid, and furan), C-O (alcohol, phenol, and ether), and CO2, CH4, H2O, and CO. The formations of NH3 and HCN were more sensitive to the temperature rise with PB than PA. PA produced alcohol/ketone and acids by 1.81 and 1.32 times what PB produced. PB produced furan and carbohydrate/alkene by 1.56 and 2.52 times what PA produced. PA appeared as a more suitable feedstock than PB and showed an optimal pyrolysis behavior at 545 degrees C and 45 degrees C/min. Our findings can provide the basis for characterizing the process and environmental benignity of the hyperaccumulator pyrolysis. (c) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Balanced chemical reaction does not necessarily reveal either the individual elementary reactions by which a reaction occurs or its rate law. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 20059-73-8. Formula: C11H18N2O.