Month: October 2022

In 2015,Pulsipher, Abigail; Griffin, Matthew E.; Stone, Shannon E.; Hsieh-Wilson, Linda C. published 《Long-Lived Engineering of Glycans to Direct Stem Cell Fate》.Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published the findings.Quality Control of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Glycans mediate many critical, long-term biol. processes, such as stem cell differentiation. However, few methods are available for the sustained remodeling of cells with specific glycan structures. A new strategy that enables the long-lived presentation of defined glycosaminoglycans on cell surfaces using HaloTag proteins (HTPs) as anchors is reported. By controlling the sulfation patterns of heparan sulfate (HS) on pluripotent embryonic stem cell (ESC) membranes, it is demonstrated that specific glycans cause ESCs to undergo accelerated exit from self-renewal and differentiation into neuronal cell types. Thus, the stable display of glycans on HTP scaffolds provides a powerful, versatile means to direct key signaling events and biol. outcomes such as stem cell fate. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6Quality Control of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate)

tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6) belongs to ethers.The C-O bonds that comprise simple ethers are strong. They are unreactive toward all but the strongest bases. Although generally of low chemical reactivity, they are more reactive than alkanes. Quality Control of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

In 2019,Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry included an article by Hejboel, Eva K.; Hajjaj, Mohammad A.; Nielsen, Ole; Schroeder, Henrik D.. Synthetic Route of C28H28O3. The article was titled 《Marker Expression of Interstitial Cells in Human Skeletal Muscle: An Immunohistochemical Study》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

There is a growing recognition that myogenic stem cells are influenced by their microenvironment during regeneration. Several interstitial cell types have been described as supportive for myoblasts. In this role, both the pericyte as a possible progenitor for mesenchymal stem cells, and interstitial cells in the endomysium have been discussed. We have applied immunohistochem. on normal and pathol. human skeletal muscle using markers for pericytes, or progenitor cells and found a cell type co-expressing CD10, CD34, CD271, and platelet-derived growth factor receptor a omnipresent in the endomysium. The marker profile of these cells changed dynamically in response to muscle damage and atrophy, and they proliferated in response to damage. The cytol. and expression profile of the CD10+ cells indicated a capacity to participate in myogenesis. Both morphol. and indicated function of these cells matched properties of several previously described interstitial cell types. Our study suggests a limited number of cell types that could embrace many of these described cell types. Our study indicate that the CD10+, CD34+, CD271+, and platelet-derived growth factor receptor a+ cells could have a supportive role in human muscle regeneration, and thus the mechanisms by which they exert their influence could be implemented in stem cell therapy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-(3-(Adamantan-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-naphthoic acid(cas: 106685-40-9Synthetic Route of C28H28O3)

6-(3-(Adamantan-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-naphthoic acid(cas:106685-40-9) may be used as a pharmaceutical reference standard for the quantification of the analyte in topical gel formulations using high-performance liquid chromatography technique.Synthetic Route of C28H28O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

In 2019,Angewandte Chemie, International Edition included an article by Goetzke, F. Wieland; Mortimore, Mike; Fletcher, Stephen P.. Reference of 3-Methoxyphenylboronic acid. The article was titled 《Enantio- and Diastereoselective Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling with Racemic Bicycles》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

A rhodium-catalyzed enantio- and diastereoselective Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling between racemic fused bicyclic allylic chlorides, e.g., I and boronic acids RB(OH)2 (R = naphth-2-yl, thiophen-3-yl, 2H-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl, etc.) has been described. The highly stereoselective transformation allows for the coupling of aryl, heteroaryl, and alkenyl boronic acids and gives access to functionalized bicyclic cyclopentenes, e.g., II which can be converted into other five-membered-ring scaffolds with up to five contiguous stereocenters. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that these reactions occur with overall retention of the relative stereochem. and are enantioconvergent for pseudo-sym. allylic chloride starting materials. In addition, a bicyclic allylic chloride starting material without pseudo-symmetry undergoes a highly enantioselective regiodivergent reaction. After reading the article, we found that the author used 3-Methoxyphenylboronic acid(cas: 10365-98-7Reference of 3-Methoxyphenylboronic acid)

3-Methoxyphenylboronic acid(cas: 10365-98-7) belongs to boronic acids. Boronic acids are mild Lewis acids which are generally stable and easy to handle, making them important to organic synthesis.Reference of 3-Methoxyphenylboronic acid

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

The author of 《Facile synthesis of chiral [2,3]-fused hydrobenzofuran via asymmetric Cu(I)-catalyzed dearomative 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition》 were Liang, Lei; Niu, Hong-Ying; Wang, Dong-Chao; Yang, Xin-He; Qu, Gui-Rong; Guo, Hai-Ming. And the article was published in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2019. SDS of cas: 673-22-3 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Intermol. asym. dearomative 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of 2-nitrobenzofurans with azomethine ylides was enabled by using a chiral Cu(I)/(S,Sp)-iPr-Phosferrox catalyst. As a result, a series of highly stereoselective chiral [2,3]-fused hydrobenzofurans possessing four contiguous stereogenic centers were obtained with good to high yields, diastereoselectivities and enantioselectivities. The reaction has broad substrate scope tolerating various functional groups. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde(cas: 673-22-3SDS of cas: 673-22-3)

2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde(cas: 673-22-3) is employed in the synthesis of Schiff base ligand. It is applied as a reactant in the synthesis of LPA1R antagonists used in the inhibition of LPA-induced proliferation and contraction of normal human lung fibroblasts. Also used in the synthesis of tyrosine kinase 6 proteinase inhibitors.SDS of cas: 673-22-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

The author of 《A Redox Active Nickel Complex that Acts as an Electron Mediator in Photochemical Giese Reactions》 were van Leeuwen, Thomas; Buzzetti, Luca; Perego, Luca Alessandro; Melchiorre, Paolo. And the article was published in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2019. COA of Formula: C9H10O2 The author mentioned the following in the article:

A simple protocol for the photochem. Giese addition of C(sp3)-centered radicals to a variety of electron-poor olefins was reported. The chem. does not require external photoredox catalysts. Instead, it harnesses the excited-state reactivity of 4-alkyl-1,4-dihydropyridines (4-alkyl-DHPs) to generate alkyl radicals. Crucial for reactivity was the use of a catalytic amount of Ni(bpy)32+ (bpy=2,2′-bipyridyl), which acts as an electron mediator to facilitate the redox processed involving fleeting and highly reactive intermediates. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found 2-(Benzyloxy)acetaldehyde(cas: 60656-87-3COA of Formula: C9H10O2)

2-(Benzyloxy)acetaldehyde(cas: 60656-87-3) is a non-natural aldehyde. It undergoes enantioselective Mukaiyama aldol reaction with silylketene acetal nucleophiles in the presence of C2-symmetric bis(oxazolinyl)pyridine Cu(II) complex (catalyst).COA of Formula: C9H10O2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

《Propylsulfonic acid grafted on mesoporous siliceous FDU-5 material: A high TOF catalyst for the synthesis of coumarins via Pechmann condensation》 was published in Microporous and Mesoporous Materials in 2020. These research results belong to Gonzalez-Carrillo, Gabino; Gonzalez, Jorge; Emparan-Legaspi, Maria Jose; Lino-Lopez, Gisela Jareth; Aguayo-Villarreal, Ismael A.; Ceballos-Magana, Silvia G.; Martinez-Martinez, Francisco J.; Muniz-Valencia, Roberto. Application In Synthesis of m-Methoxyphenol The article mentions the following:

In this sense, the use of propylsulfonic acid supported in FDU-5 (FDU-5-Pr-SO3H) as a catalyst for the synthesis of coumarins I (R1 = 7-OH, 5-Me-7-OH, 7,8-OH2, 7-OMe; R2 = Me, Ph) and 4-methyl-2H-benzo[h]chromen-2-one via Pechmann condensation in solvent-free medium was investigated. FDU-5-Pr-SO3H was synthesized by co-condensation of MPTES and TEOS. FDU-5-Pr-SO3H was used as catalyst for the synthesis of 7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin and their reaction conditions were optimized. The optimization process involved the study of the influence of the catalyst load, Resorcinol:EAA molar ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time. The optimal conditions were: catalyst load of 1.65 mol%, reactants molar ratio of 1:1.5, temperature 130°C and 60 min of reaction time. Under these conditions, the FDU-5-Pr-SO3H material showed excellent yield (96.5%) and turn over frequency (59 h-1). Finally, the synthesized material was assessed as a catalyst with other phenolic compounds and Et acetoacetate and with Et benzoylacetate. The obtained products were isolated and identified by comparison of their spectral data with those reported in literature; from these results, it can be concluded that the catalyst is active with a wide range of phenolic substrates. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of m-Methoxyphenol(cas: 150-19-6Application In Synthesis of m-Methoxyphenol)

m-Methoxyphenol(cas: 150-19-6) may be used in synthesis of:C(4) symmetric calix[4]resorcinarene, 2-nitroso-5-methoxyphenol, 6-methoxy-2(3H)-benzoxazoloneApplication In Synthesis of m-Methoxyphenol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

《Electrolyte additives to enable nonaqueous polyelectrolyte solutions for lithium ion batteries》 was published in Molecular Systems Design & Engineering in 2020. These research results belong to Diederichsen, Kyle M.; McCloskey, Bryan D.. Safety of 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane The article mentions the following:

Nonaqueous polyelectrolyte solutions, in which a neg. charged macromol. neutralized by lithium is dissolved in nonaqueous solvents, have shown promise as potential high transference number electrolytes. However, in battery-relevant carbonate solvents (ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate blends), it has been shown that lithium ions do not readily dissociate from easily synthesized sulfonated polymers, despite the solvent’s high dielec. constant (∼50). In this work, a range of additives are screened to improve conductivity, and we demonstrate that the addition of less than 5 vol% of 15-crown-5 achieves an order of magnitude conductivity increase by selectively improving lithium dissociation Utilizing the optimized electrolyte, we show that polyelectrolyte solutions may be directly substituted for a standard electrolyte with com. electrodes in a graphite/LiFePO4 cell, providing further motivation for future study of these new electrolytes. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane(cas: 33100-27-5Safety of 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane)

1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane(cas: 33100-27-5) is a member of crown ether Ligands. Crown-ethers are macrocyclic polyethers capable of forming host-guest complexes, especially with inorganic and organic cations. Crown-ethers can incorporate protonated primary amine compounds by formation of ion-dipole bonds with the oxygen atoms of the chiral selector. Crown-ethers have been widely used for the separation of several pharmaceuticals both in aqueous and non-aqueous media. Safety of 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

《Glycan-Gold Nanoparticles as Multifunctional Probes for Multivalent Lectin-Carbohydrate Binding: Implications for Blocking Virus Infection and Nanoparticle Assembly》 was written by Budhadev, Darshita; Poole, Emma; Nehlmeier, Inga; Liu, Yuanyuan; Hooper, James; Kalverda, Elizabeth; Akshath, Uchangi Satyaprasad; Hondow, Nicole; Turnbull, W. Bruce; Pohlmann, Stefan; Guo, Yuan; Zhou, Dejian. Computed Properties of C9H19NO4 And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2020. The article conveys some information:

Multivalent lectin-glycan interactions are widespread in biol. and are often exploited by pathogens to bind and infect host cells. Glycoconjugates can block such interactions and thereby prevent infection. The inhibition potency strongly depends on matching the spatial arrangement between the multivalent binding partners. However, the structural details of some key lectins remain unknown and different lectins may exhibit overlapping glycan specificity. This makes it difficult to design a glycoconjugate that can potently and specifically target a particular multimeric lectin for therapeutic interventions, especially under the challenging in vivo conditions. Conventional techniques such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) can provide quant. binding thermodn. and kinetics. However, they cannot reveal key structural information, e.g., lectin’s binding site orientation, binding mode, and interbinding site spacing, which are critical to design specific multivalent inhibitors. Herein we report that gold nanoparticles (GNPs) displaying a dense layer of simple glycans are powerful mechanistic probes for multivalent lectin-glycan interactions. They can not only quantify the GNP-glycan-lectin binding affinities via a new fluorescence quenching method, but also reveal drastically different affinity enhancing mechanisms between two closely related tetrameric lectins, DC-SIGN (simultaneous binding to one GNP) and DC-SIGNR (intercross-linking with multiple GNPs), via a combined hydrodynamic size and electron microscopy anal. Moreover, a new term, potential of assembly formation (PAF), has been proposed to successfully predict the assembly outcomes based on the binding mode between GNP-glycans and lectins. Finally, the GNP-glycans can potently and completely inhibit DC-SIGN-mediated augmentation of Ebola virus glycoprotein-driven cell entry (with IC50 values down to 95 pM), but only partially block DC-SIGNR-mediated virus infection. Our results suggest that the ability of a glycoconjugate to simultaneously block all binding sites of a target lectin is key to robust inhibition of viral infection. In addition to this study using tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate, there are many other studies that have used tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6Computed Properties of C9H19NO4) was used in this study.

tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6) belongs to ethers.The C-O bonds that comprise simple ethers are strong. Computed Properties of C9H19NO4 They are unreactive toward all but the strongest bases. Although generally of low chemical reactivity, they are more reactive than alkanes.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Zhang, Shunyao; Tamura, Atsushi; Yui, Nobuhiko published their research in Science and Technology of Advanced Materials in 2021. The article was titled 《Weakly acidic carboxy group-grafted β-cyclodextrin-threaded acid-degradable polyrotaxanes for modulating protein interaction and cellular internalization》.Formula: C9H19NO4 The article contains the following contents:

To improve the therapeutic potential of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD)-threaded acid-degradable polyrotaxanes (β-CD PRXs) in cholesterol-related metabolic disorders, we investigated the effect of carboxylation of β-CD PRXs on intracellular uptake. In this study, we established a synthetic method for the modification of carboxylalkyl carbamates on β-CD PRXs without degradation and synthesized three series of carboxyalkyl carbamate group-modified β-CD PRXs with different alkyl spacer lengths. The modification of carboxymethyl carbamate (CMC), carboxyethyl carbamate (CEC), and carboxypropyl carbamate (CPC) on the β-CD PRXs slightly reduced the interaction of the PRXs with the lipid layer model compared with the modification of 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl carbamate (HEE-PRX), which was used in our previous studies. However, all the carboxylated β-CD PRXs showed a significantly stronger interaction with a protein model compared with HEE-PRX. The carboxylated β-CD PRXs showed significantly high intracellular uptake, through macrophage scavenger receptor A (MSR-A)-mediated endocytosis, in MSR-A-pos. RAW 264.7 cells compared with HEE-PRX. Interestingly, the carboxylated β-CD PRXs also showed significantly higher intracellular uptake even in MSR-A-neg. cells compared with HEE-PRX. Carboxylated β-CD PRXs are considered to strongly interact with other membrane proteins, resulting in high intracellular uptake. The length of the alkyl spacer affected the intracellular uptake levels of carboxylated PRXs, however, this relationship was varied for different cell types. Furthermore, none of the carboxylated β-CD PRXs exhibited cytotoxicity in the RAW 264.7 and NIH/3T3 cells. Altogether, carboxylation of β-CD PRXs is a promising chem. modification approach for their therapeutic application because carboxylated β-CD PRXs exhibit high cellular internalization efficiency in MSR-A-neg. cells and negligible toxicity. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6Formula: C9H19NO4)

tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6) belongs to ethers.Although ethers resist hydrolysis, they are cleaved by hydrobromic acid and hydroiodic acid. Hydrogen chloride cleaves ethers only slowly. Formula: C9H19NO4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Swathi, G.; Deepthi, G.; Visakh, Deepthi; Prathyusha, J.; Fatima, Nafees; lakshmi, M. Sai published their research in Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences in 2021. The article was titled 《Development and validation for estimation of clindamycin, adapalene and sofosbuvir in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms by rp-hplc method》.HPLC of Formula: 106685-40-9 The article contains the following contents:

A simple, accurate, rapid and precise isocratic stability indicating reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatog. method has been developed and validated for simultaneous determination of Clindamycin and Adapalene in tablets. The chromatog. separation was carried out on C18 BDS Hypersil (150 × 4.6mm, 5μ) with a mixture ofmixed phosphate buffer : acetonitrile (55:45%volume/volume) as a mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0mL/min. UV detection was performed at 230nm. The retention times were2.84 and 3.999min for Clindamycin and Adapalene resp. Calibration plots were linear (r2 = 0.999) over the concentration range of 25-150μg/mL for Clindamycin and 2.5-15μg/mL for Adapalene. The method was validated for accuracy, precision, specificity, linearity and sensitivity. The proposed method was successfully used for quant. anal. of tablets. No interference from any component of pharmaceutical dosage form was observed Validation studies revealed that method is specific, rapid, reliable, and reproducible. The high recovery and low relative standard deviation confirm the suitability of the method for routine determination of Clindamycin and Adapalene in bulk and tablet dosage form. Sofosbuvir is used primarily to treat hepatitis C and viral hemorrhagic fevers. It is possible to select a sofosbuvir resistant mutant of HCV that can replicate to levels similar to wild type virus grown without sofosbuvir. Anal. of the mutations responsible for the sofosbuvir resistance may aid in understanding the mechanism of action of sofosbuvir. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 6-(3-(Adamantan-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-naphthoic acid(cas: 106685-40-9HPLC of Formula: 106685-40-9)

6-(3-(Adamantan-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-naphthoic acid(cas:106685-40-9) is a third-generation synthetic retinoid and a highly lipophilic compound derived from naphthoic acid. It is widely used in the treatment of acne.HPLC of Formula: 106685-40-9

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem