Month: February 2023

Glyme-based electrolytes for lithium metal batteries using insertion electrodes: An electrochemical study was written by Wei, Shuangying;Li, Zhenguang;Kimura, Kento;Inoue, Shoichi;Pandini, Loris;Di Lecce, Daniele;Tominaga, Yoichi;Hassoun, Jusef. And the article was included in Electrochimica Acta in 2019.Recommanded Product: 112-49-2 This article mentions the following:

We report an electrochem. study of end-capped glymes dissolving lithium salts as electrolyte solutions for lithium metal batteries. Various electrolyte formulations including triethylene and diethylene glycol di-Me ethers as solvents and lithium salts employing bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSI^–), bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI^–), and bis(pentafluoroethanesulfonyl)imide (BETI^–) anions are explored. The ion transport properties, the lithium/electrolyte interphase characteristics and the electrochem. stability window are investigated by means of chronoamperometry, electrochem. impedance spectroscopy, galvanostatic cycling, and voltammetry measurements. The comparative study suggests electrochem. properties well suitable for lithium battery application which enable long cycling. The electrolyte solutions are studied in cells using an insertion cathode material, i.e., lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO₄), and the high-energy lithium metal anode. The results reveal that the electrolyte composition has a remarkable effect on the cell performances, and indicate the solutions of LiTFSI salt in either glymes as the most adequate formulations for possible applications among the ones herein investigated. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Recommanded Product: 112-49-2).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Recommanded Product: 112-49-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Excess molar enthalpy measurement and modelling of (oxygenated compounds + hydrocarbon) mixtures: Binary and ternary mixtures containing 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol, 1-hexene and cyclohexane at (298.15 and 313.15) K was written by Lifi, Mohamed;Munoz-Rujas, Natalia;Montero, Eduardo A.;Negadi, Latifa;Aguilar, Fernando;Ezzahrae M′hamdi Alaoui, Fatima. And the article was included in Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics in 2020.Product Details of 111-77-3 This article mentions the following:

NEW measurements and modeling data of excess molar enthalpy H^E at atm. pressure and temperatures of (298.15 and 313.15) K using a quasi-isothermal flow calorimeter are presented in this work for the ternary system diethylene glycol monomethyl ether glycol (2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol) + 1-hexene + cyclohexane and the corresponding binary systems over the whole composition range. All the binary and ternary systems present an endothermic behavior at the chosen temperatures The exptl. data of the binary and ternary systems were correlated using the modified Redlich-Kister equation, NRTL and UNIQUAC models. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Product Details of 111-77-3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Product Details of 111-77-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Quaternary Ammonium Polyamidoamine Dendrimer Modified Quantum Dots as Fluorescent Probes for p-Fluorophenoxyacetic Acid Detection in Aqueous Solution was written by Xu, Xiao;Cao, Yuan-Cheng;Liu, Jun′An;Lin, Yongjun. And the article was included in Journal of Fluorescence in 2017.Safety of 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid This article mentions the following:

The wide use of pesticide p-fluorophenoxyacetic acid has caused the serious environmental contaminant. A novel fluorescent probe for sensitive detection of p-fluorophenoxyacetic acid in aqueous solutions based on 3.0G quaternary ammonium polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer modified quantum dots (QDs) (PAMAM@QDs) was reported. Through the solvent-evaporation method, quaternary ammonium PAMAM was employed to modify the QDs. Poloxamer 188 was used to improve the solubility and stability. The resultant PAMAM@QDs dispersed well in water. Fluorescence (FL) spectroscopic study showed that the FL intensity of the PAMAM@QDs was enhanced in the presence of p-fluorophenoxyacetic acid. Under optimal conditions, the enhanced FL intensity as a function of concentration matched very well in the range of 1 ∼ 200 μg/mL of p-fluorophenoxyacetic acid, while the lower limits of detection were found to be 0.16 μg/mL. These results show that PAMAM@QDs is a promising luminescent probe for the detection of pesticides. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4Safety of 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Safety of 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Rhenium complex-catalyzed deoxygenation and silylation of alcohols with hydrosilane was written by Nishiyama, Yutaka;Xu, Shijie;Hanatani, Yuuki;Tsuda, Susumu;Umeda, Rui. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2022.Application of 105-13-5 This article mentions the following:

The reduction of benzylic, tertiary, and allylic alcs. with hydrosilane was efficiently catalyzed by the rhenium complex, such as ReBr(CO)₅, to give the corresponding deoxygenarated products, alkanes, in moderate to good yields. In the case of aliphatic secondary alc., the alkane was formed along with the formation of dehydrated products. On the other hand, in the case of primary and cyclic alcs., silylation of alcs. proceeded to form the corresponding silyl ethers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Application of 105-13-5).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Application of 105-13-5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Molecular mechanisms underlying the promotion of wound repair by coenzyme Q10: PI3K/Akt signal activation via alterations to cell membrane domains was written by Kurashiki, Tatsuyuki;Horikoshi, Yosuke;Kamizaki, Koki;Sunaguchi, Teppei;Hara, Kazushi;Morimoto, Masaki;Kitagawa, Yoshinori;Nakaso, Kazuhiro;Otsuki, Akihiro;Matsura, Tatsuya. And the article was included in Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition in 2022.Reference of 605-94-7 This article mentions the following:

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) promotes wound healing in vitro and in vivo. However, the mol. mechanisms underlying the promoting effects of CoQ10 on wound repair remain unknown. In the present study, we investigated the mol. mechanisms through which CoQ10 induces wound repair using a cellular wound-healing model. CoQ10 promoted wound closure in a dose-dependent manner and wound-mediated cell polarization after wounding in HaCaT cells. A comparison with other CoQ homologs, benzoquinone derivatives, and polyisoprenyl compounds suggested that the whole structure of CoQ10 is required for potent wound repair. The phosphorylation of Akt after wounding and the plasma membrane translocation of Akt were elevated in CoQ10-treated cells. The promoting effect of CoQ10 on wound repair was abrogated by co-treatment with a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor. Immunohistochem. and biochem. analyses showed that CoQ10 increased the localization of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) to the apical membrane domains of the cells and the Cav-1 content in the membrane-rich fractions. Depletion of Cav-1 suppressed CoQ10-mediated wound repair and PI3K/Akt signaling activation in HaCaT cells. These results indicated that CoQ10 increases the translocation of Cav-1 to the plasma membranes, activating the downstream PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, and resulting in wound closure in HaCaT cells. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7Reference of 605-94-7).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Reference of 605-94-7

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Effect of osmotic ballast properties on the performance of a concentration gradient battery was written by Liu, Fei;Kingsbury, Ryan S.;Rech, Jeromy J.;You, Wei;Coronell, Orlando. And the article was included in Water Research in 2022.COA of Formula: C8H18O4 This article mentions the following:

A concentration gradient battery (CGB) is an energy storage system comprised of a series of concentrated and dilute salt solution compartments, separated by ion exchange membranes (IEMs). The battery is charged by electrodialysis (ED), which increases the concentration gradient between these solutions, and discharged by reverse electrodialysis (RED), which allows these solutions to mix. In both ED and RED, water moves by osmosis from dilute to concentrated compartments, reducing the CGB faradaic and energy efficiency. A promising approach to mitigate osmosis is to use an osmotic ballast in the dilute solution to balance the osmotic pressure and reduce faradaic energy losses. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of ballast properties (i.e., size, structure, end-group) on the faradaic and round-trip efficiency of the CGB. To accomplish this objective, we tested seven sugar and five glycol compounds as osmotic ballasts in a closed-loop cell. Results show that ballasts with high mol. weight generally resulted in higher faradaic efficiency and lower water transport compared with low mol. weight ballasts. Data also indicates that ballast with a cyclic structure (instead of linear), non-planar structure (instead of planar), and lower number of Me end-groups led to lower water transport. Of all ballasts tested, sucrose performed best in terms of reducing non-ideal water transport (by 109%) and enhancing both faradaic and round-trip efficiencies (from 47.4% to 77.7% and 25.5% to 38.1%, resp.) compared with the non-ballasted CGB. Our results contribute to fundamental understanding of the impact of solute properties on water and small organic mol. transport in ion exchange membranes and indicate that ballasted CGBs can be further improved through development of optimized ballasts and selection of optimum membrane-ballast pairs. The improved understanding of ballast impact on CGB performance could be used for evaluation of potential ballast benefits in other membrane-based systems that may be impacted by osmosis such as the acid-base flow battery, waste heat recovery using RED, ED purification processes, osmotically assisted processes, and redox flow batteries. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2COA of Formula: C8H18O4).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.COA of Formula: C8H18O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Catalyst-Controlled Stereoselective O-Glycosylation: Pd(0) vs Pd(II) was written by Yao, Hui;Zhang, Shasha;Leng, Wei-Lin;Leow, Min-Li;Xiang, Shaohua;He, Jingxi;Liao, Hongze;Le Mai Hoang, Kim;Liu, Xue-Wei. And the article was included in ACS Catalysis in 2017.Quality Control of (6-Methoxypyridin-2-yl)methanol This article mentions the following:

Stereoselective construction of various O-glycosidic bonds was first achieved by different palladium sources using 3,4-O-carbonate galactal as the donor to reach yields up to 95% under mild conditions. With Pd(II) catalyst coordination of this glycal donor from the β-face directed by carbonate group, hard nucleophiles (aliphatic alcs.) gave β-glycosides and α-glycosides were obtained from soft nucleophiles (phenols). In contrast, with the Pd(0) catalyst coordinating the donor from the β-face due to steric effect, both hard and soft acceptors could only generate β-glycosides via hydrogen-bond-mediated aglycon delivery. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (6-Methoxypyridin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 63071-12-5Quality Control of (6-Methoxypyridin-2-yl)methanol).

(6-Methoxypyridin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 63071-12-5) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Quality Control of (6-Methoxypyridin-2-yl)methanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

A novel QSPR model for prediction of lower flammability limits of organic compounds based on support vector machine was written by Pan, Yong;Jiang, Juncheng;Wang, Rui;Cao, Hongyin;Cui, Yi. And the article was included in Journal of Hazardous Materials in 2009.HPLC of Formula: 20324-33-8 This article mentions the following:

A quant. structure-property relationship (QSPR) study is suggested for the prediction of lower flammability limits (LFLs) of organic compounds Various kinds of mol. descriptors were calculated to represent the mol. structures of compounds, such as topol., charge, and geometric descriptors. Genetic algorithm was employed to select optimal subset of descriptors that have significant contribution to the overall LFL property. The novel chemometrics method of support vector machine was employed to model the possible quant. relationship between these selected descriptors and LFL. The resulted model showed high prediction ability that the obtained root mean square error and average absolute error for the whole dataset were 0.069 and 0.051 volume%, resp. The results were also compared with those of previously published models. The comparison results indicate the superiority of the presented model and reveal that it can be effectively used to predict the LFL of organic compounds from the mol. structures alone. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol (cas: 20324-33-8HPLC of Formula: 20324-33-8).

1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol (cas: 20324-33-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.HPLC of Formula: 20324-33-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

An Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of 2-(Aryloxyacetyl)cyclohexane-1,3-diones as Herbicidal 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase Inhibitors was written by Wang, Da-Wei;Lin, Hong-Yan;He, Bo;Wu, Feng-Xu;Chen, Tao;Chen, Qiong;Yang, Wen-Chao;Yang, Guang-Fu. And the article was included in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 2016.COA of Formula: C9H10O4 This article mentions the following:

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.27, HPPD) is an important target for new bleaching herbicides discovery. To search for novel HPPD inhibitors, a series of 2-(aryloxyacetyl)cyclohexane-1,3-diones were rationally designed and synthesized by an efficient one-pot procedure using of N,N’-Carbonyldiimidazole (CDI), triethylamine, and acetone cyanohydrin in CH₂Cl₂. A total of 58 triketone compounds were prepared in good to excellent yields. Some of the synthesized compounds displayed potent Arabidopsis thaliana HPPD (AtHPPD) inhibitory activity. 2-(2-((1-Bromonaphthalen-2-yl)oxy)acetyl)-3-hydroxycyclohex-2-en-1-one (I) displayed high, broad-spectrum and post-emergent herbicidal activity at the rate of 37.5-150 g ai/ha, nearly as potent as mesotrione against some weeds. Furthermore, I showed good crop safety against maize and canola at the rate of 150 g ai/ha, indicating that I might have the potential as herbicide for the weed control in maize and canola fields. I is the first HPPD inhibitor showing good crop safety towards canola. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4COA of Formula: C9H10O4).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.COA of Formula: C9H10O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Facile Synthesis and Antioxidant Evaluation of 4-Arylmethylideneisoxazol-5(4H)-ones was written by Laroum, Rima;Boulcina, Raouf;Bensouici, Chawki;Debache, Abdelmadjid. And the article was included in Organic Preparations and Procedures International in 2019.Electric Literature of C8H9BO4 This article mentions the following:

The authors report synthesis of 4-arylmethylideneisoxazol-5(4H)-ones by the reaction among aromatic aldehydes, Et acetoacetate and hydroxylamine hydrochloride catalyzed by K₂CO₃. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Formyl-2-methoxyphenylboronic acid (cas: 480424-49-5Electric Literature of C8H9BO4).

3-Formyl-2-methoxyphenylboronic acid (cas: 480424-49-5) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Electric Literature of C8H9BO4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem