Author: Jessica.F

Essential oil of four medicinal plants and protective properties in plum fruits against the spoilage bacteria and fungi was written by Arasu, Mariadhas Valan;Viayaraghavan, Ponnuswamy;Ilavenil, Soundarrajan;Al-Dhabi, Naif Abdullah;Choi, Ki Choon. And the article was included in Industrial Crops and Products in 2019.HPLC of Formula: 3929-47-3 This article mentions the following:

There are limited studies available regarding the chem. composition of essential oils and their activities against fruit spoilage bacteria and fungi. In this study, chem. composition of essential oils from medicinal plants namely Acorus calamus, Allium sativum, Mucuna pruriens, and Sesamum indicum L showed invitro antibacterial and antifungal properties against fruits spoilage microbes were evaluated. Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometry anal. confirmed the presence of major metabolites namely Hydroxylamine (98.26%), 1,2,4 – trimethoxy-5-1-propenyl (93.07%), Dodecanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester (92.64) and 2-diisoprophylphosphinnoethane (67.97%) from the studied plants. The min. inhibitory concentration of the essential oils against bacteria were ranged from 11.3 ± 2.3 to 617 ± 4.9 μg/mL and fungi were ranged from 1.1 ± 0.4 to 292 ± 3.2 μg/mL, resp. Among the essential oil, Allium sativum showed significant antibacterial activity with least min. inhibitory concentration and min. bactericidal concentrations (11.3 ± 2.3 μg/mL and 24 ± 1.6 μg/mL) while Sesamum indicum oil showed the least activity with high min. inhibitory concentration and min. bactericidal concentrations values (460 ± 11.9 μg/mL and 940 ± 12.8 μg/mL). Interestingly, Allium sativum documented the highest antifungal activity against Penicillium notatum and also significantly inhibited the growth of other tested fungal species such as, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Rhizopus microsporus. Among all tested essential oils, in combination of studied antibiotics, essential oils from Allium sativum showed excellent synergistic activity against seven out of nine spoilage microbes. Two-way anal. of variance showed significant depletion of pathogenic microorganism due to the effect of essential oils (p < 0.05). In addition, essential oil from Allium sativum significantly reduced the growth of Aspertillus flavus and Aspergillus niger on plum fruit. Results revealed the application of essential oil from Allium sativum counter Aspergillus flavus growth and prevented deterioration of plum fruit. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3HPLC of Formula: 3929-47-3).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).HPLC of Formula: 3929-47-3

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Direct transformation of fatty acid-derived monomers from dimer acid manufacturing into valuable bio-plasticizers with high plasticization and compatibilization was written by Tan, Jihuai;Fu, Qinghe;Qu, Yongquan;Wang, Fan;Wang, Wengeng;Wang, Fang;Cao, Yunfeng;Zhu, Xinbao. And the article was included in Journal of Cleaner Production in 2021.Recommanded Product: 111-77-3 This article mentions the following:

Direct transformation of monomer fatty acids derived from the dimer acid manufacturing into high value-added green plasticizers represents a sustainable approach for reutilizing industrial wastes. However, this process is challenging due to the few double bonds and long-chain alkyl in monomer fatty acid-based derivatives, resulting in poor compatibility with polymer matrix and inferior plasticization. Herein, we develop a sustainable and low-cost strategy via direct esterification between monomer fatty acids and polyethylene glycol Me ether to produce plasticizers featured by high plasticization and compatibilization. The performances of monomer acid-based ethoxylated esters as resulting plasticizers for nitrile butadiene rubber were highly structure-dependent. Extensive experiments demonstrated that oxethyl unit played critical roles in both improving the compatibility between monomer acid-based ethoxylated esters and nitrile butadiene rubber and in promoting the dispersion of carbon black in nitrile butadiene rubber matrix. Specially, the processing, freezing resistance, oil resistance, thermal and mech. stabilities of nitrile butadiene rubber plasticized by monomer acid-based ethoxylated esters with three or four oxethyl units were comparable or better than those of nitrile butadiene rubber blended with dioctyl phthalate. This study opens a simple, general and industrialized strategy to produce valuable and sustainable plasticizers as alternatives of toxic dioctyl phthalate. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Recommanded Product: 111-77-3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Recommanded Product: 111-77-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Environmentally friendly method for the iodination of moderately active arenes was written by Sathiyapriya, R.. And the article was included in Asian Journal of Chemistry in 2011.Recommanded Product: 75581-11-2 This article mentions the following:

An effective and environmentally friendly method for the iodination of various moderately active methoxy arenes, phenols and anilines using hydrogen peroxide and acidified sodium periodate in aqueous ethanol medium is reported. The extent of iodination is easily controlled by stoichiometry and excellent yields of mono iodinated products are obtained. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Iodo-1-methoxy-2-methylbenzene (cas: 75581-11-2Recommanded Product: 75581-11-2).

4-Iodo-1-methoxy-2-methylbenzene (cas: 75581-11-2) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Recommanded Product: 75581-11-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Michael acceptor containing drugs are a novel class of 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor targeting the surface cysteines C416 and C418 was written by Maucher, Isabelle V.;Ruehl, Michael;Kretschmer, Simon B. M.;Hofmann, Bettina;Kuehn, Benjamin;Fettel, Jasmin;Vogel, Anja;Fluegel, Karsten T.;Manolikakes, Georg;Hellmuth, Nadine;Haefner, Ann-Kathrin;Golghalyani, Vahid;Ball, Ann-Katrin;Piesche, Matthias;Matrone, Carmela;Geisslinger, Gerd;Parnham, Michael J.;Karas, Michael;Steinhilber, Dieter;Roos, Jessica;Maier, Thorsten J.. And the article was included in Biochemical Pharmacology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) in 2017.Related Products of 605-94-7 This article mentions the following:

Recently, we published that nitro-fatty acids (NFA) are potent electrophilic mols. which inhibit 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) by interacting catalytically with cysteine residues next to a substrate entry channel. The electrophilicity is derived from an intramol. Michael acceptor moiety consisting of an electron-withdrawing group in close proximity to a double bond. The potential of the Michael acceptor moiety to interact with functionally relevant cysteines of proteins potentially renders them effective and sustained enzyme activity modulators. We screened a large library of naturally derived and synthetic electrophilic compounds to investigate whether other types of Michael acceptor containing drugs suppress 5-LO enzyme activity. The activity was measured by assessing the effect on the 5-LO product formation of intact human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. We demonstrated that a number of structurally different compounds were suppressive in the activity assays and showed that Michael acceptors of the quinone and nitro-alkene group produced the strongest inhibition of 5-LO product formation. Reactivity with the catalytically relevant cysteines 416 and 418 was confirmed using mutated recombinant 5-LO and mass spectrometric anal. (MALDI-MS). In the present study, we show for the first time that a number of well-recognized naturally occurring or synthetic anti-inflammatory compounds carrying a Michael acceptor, such as thymoquinone (TQ), the paracetamol metabolite NAPQI, the 5-LO inhibitor AA-861, and bardoxolone Me (also known as RTA 402 or CDDO-Me ester) are direct covalent 5-LO enzyme inhibitors that target the catalytically relevant cysteines 416 and 418. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7Related Products of 605-94-7).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Related Products of 605-94-7

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Molecularly Responsive Binding through Co-occupation of Binding Space: A Lock-Key Story was written by Awino, Joseph K.;Hu, Lan;Zhao, Yan. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2016.Computed Properties of C9H13ClN2O2 This article mentions the following:

When two guest mols. co-occupy a binding pocket of a water-soluble host, the first guest could be used as a signal mol. to turn on the binding of the second. This type of molecularly responsive binding strongly depends on the size of the two guests and the location of the signal mol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,4-Dimethoxybenzimidamide hydrochloride (cas: 51488-33-6Computed Properties of C9H13ClN2O2).

3,4-Dimethoxybenzimidamide hydrochloride (cas: 51488-33-6) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Computed Properties of C9H13ClN2O2

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

NNO Pincer Ligand-Supported Palladium(II) Complexes: Direct Synthesis of Quinazolines via Acceptorless Double Dehydrogenative Coupling of Alcohols was written by Sundarraman, Balaji;Rengan, Ramesh;Semeril, David. And the article was included in Organometallics in 2022.Application of 105-13-5 This article mentions the following:

A sustainable approach for the synthesis of substituted quinazolines by sequential acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling of 2-aminobenzyl alc. with alcs. using new Pd(II)-NNO pincer-type complexes as catalysts is reported. Air-stable Pd(II) complexes [Pd(L)(PPh₃)] (L = 4-substituted Me-2-pyrrolyl benzhydrazone ligands) were synthesized, and their compositions were recognized by anal. and spectral methods (FTIR, NMR, and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS)). Single-crystal x-ray crystallog. confirmed the tridentate coordination of the ligands and the existence of square-planar geometry around the metal ion. A wide range of substituted quinazoline derivatives was synthesized from double dehydrogenation of benzyl alcs. using 1.5 mol % catalyst loading with a maximum of 93% yield. The formation of aminobenzaldehyde and benzaldehyde intermediates via a double dehydrogenative coupling reaction was confirmed by control experiments In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Application of 105-13-5).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Application of 105-13-5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Anion resonances and above-threshold dynamics of coenzyme Q₀ was written by Bull, James N.;West, Christopher W.;Verlet, Jan R. R.. And the article was included in Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics in 2015.Recommanded Product: 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione This article mentions the following:

Temporary radical anions (resonances) of isolated co enzyme Q₀ (CQ₀) and their associated above-threshold dynamics have been studied using frequency-, angle-, and time-resolved photoelectron imaging (FAT-PI). Exptl. energetics and dynamics are supported with ab initio calculations All results support that CQ₀ exhibits similar resonances and energetics compared with the smaller para-benzoquinone subunit, which is commonly considered as a prototype electrophore for larger biol. para-quinone species. However, the above-threshold dynamics in CQ₀ relative to para-benzoquinone show significantly enhanced prompt detachment compared with internal conversion, particularly around the photoexcitation energy of 3.10 eV. The change in dynamics can be attributed to a combination of an increase in the shape character of the optically-accessible resonance at this energy, a decrease in the autodetachment lifetime due to the higher d. of states in the neutral, and a decrease in the probability that the wavepacket formed in the Franck-Condon window can access the local conical intersection in CQ₀ over the timescale of autodetachment. Overall, this study serves as a clear example in understanding the trends in spectroscopy and dynamics in relating a simple prototypical para-quinone electrophore to a more complex biochem. species. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7Recommanded Product: 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Recommanded Product: 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Aluminum-catalyzed selective hydroboration of carbonyls and dehydrocoupling of alcohols, phenols, amines, thiol, selenol, silanols with HBpin was written by Sarkar, Nabin;Sahoo, Rajata Kumar;Patro, A. Ganesh;Nembenna, Sharanappa. And the article was included in Polyhedron in 2022.Recommanded Product: 105-13-5 This article mentions the following:

A popular N,N’-chelated NacNac analog, i.e., conjugated bis-guanidinate (CBG) stabilized aluminum dihydride LAlH₂ [1; L = ArNC(ArNH):NC:(NHAr)NAr, where Ar = 2,6-Et₂-C₆H₃], demonstrates excellent catalytic hydroboration of a wide array of carbonyls with pinacolborane (HBpin) under neat conditions with good tolerance of reducible functional groups such as alkyl, alkene, halide, nitrile, nitro, ester, amide, and heteroaryl. In addition, we investigated complex 1 catalyzed cross-dehydrocoupling (CDC) of alcs., phenols, amines, thiol, selenol, and silanols with HBpin under mild reaction conditions. Furthermore, several control experiments have been performed to understand the mechanisms in hydroboration and CDC reactions. All corresponding catalytic intermediates have been identified and characterized by ¹H and ¹³C{¹H} NMR spectroscopic methods. In contrast to several reports on metal-catalyzed hydroboration of carbonyls, this is the second report for the mol. aluminum catalyzed CDC of organic substrates with HBpin. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Recommanded Product: 105-13-5).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Recommanded Product: 105-13-5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Determination of jet fuel system icing inhibitor by GCxGC-FID was written by Vozka, Petr;Kilaz, Gozdem. And the article was included in Talanta in 2020.Electric Literature of C5H12O3 This article mentions the following:

Jet fuel usually contains a small amount of dissolved H₂O, which can sep. out at high altitudes and low temperatures This can bring along serious clog issues as H₂O can freeze in fuel pumps, lines, or filters; blocking the fuel flow which can even cause engine shut down. To prevent such a disaster, an additive called fuel system icing inhibitor (FSII) is added to jet fuels. The amount of FSII is regulated in both civil and military jet fuels by pertinent standards A method for quantification of FSII: diethylene glycol monomethyl ether (DiEGME) by comprehensive 2-dimensional gas chromatog. with flame ionization detector (GC x GC-FID) was developed. The method allows the determination of DiEGME from a very small quantity of samples (0.5μL) and is very fast with a mean absolute error of 0.001 volume% and a correlation coefficient of 0.9997. The DiEGME content (at 0.07-0.12 volume%) in 23 fuel samples was analyzed via GC x GC-FID. The accuracy of the proposed method was evaluated by the ASTM standard D5006. The procedure that uses a refractometer, outlined in D5006, is currently the only available standard for determining the DiEGME concentration in fuel. Results were within the repeatability of the D5006 method (0.009 volume%). Since the D5006 method is accepted as an accurate technique for DiEGME content determination, the GC x GC method proposed in this study can be considered precise and accurate. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Electric Literature of C5H12O3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Electric Literature of C5H12O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

The synthesis and characterization of a porphyrazine bearing aza-15-crown-5 moieties in the peripheral positions and its cobalt(II) complex was written by Kantekin, Halit;Celenk, Elif;Biyiklioglu, Zekeriya;Karadeniz, Huelya. And the article was included in Transition Metal Chemistry (Dordrecht, Netherlands) in 2008.Formula: C10H21NO4 This article mentions the following:

Novel metal-free and metalloporphyrazines I (H₂Pz, MgPz, CoPz; M = 2H, Mg, Co, resp.; Q = 1,4,7,10-tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadec-13-yl), peripherally substituted with eight aza-15-crown-5 moieties, were prepared by template reductive condensation of 2,3-[Q(CH₂)₃S]-maleodinitrile in the presence of met. Mg in n-PrOH, while MgPz (I, M = Mg) was obtained. Demetalation of MgPz by CF₃CO₂H gave metal-free porphyrazine H₂Pz, which was reacted with CoCl₂ to give CoPz (I, M = Co). The novel compounds were characterized by elemental anal., IR, ¹H and ¹³C-NMR, UV-vis. spectra and MS data. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Formula: C10H21NO4).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Formula: C10H21NO4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem