Author: Jessica.F

Pressure and temperature effect on hypergolic ignition delay of triglyme-based fuel with hydrogen peroxide was written by Kapusta, Lukasz Jan;Boruc, Lukasz;Kindracki, Jan. And the article was included in Fuel in 2021.Recommanded Product: 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane This article mentions the following:

In this study the effect of fuel temperature and environmental pressure on hypergolic ignition delay of triglyme (triethylene glycol di-Me ether) with the addition of sodium borohydride and hydrogen peroxide was investigated. The research was conducted in a constant volume chamber using a drop-test method where the oxidizer drop was released into the fuel pool. The environmental pressure (absolute) was 0.1, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 MPa; while the fuel temperature was 22, 40 and 60°C. The main advantage of this study is that the effects of pressure and temperature were not investigated sep. but the tests were done for full matrix conditions. This allowed the evaluation of the effect of fuel temperature at ambient and elevated pressures, and the effect of environmental pressure for ambient and elevated fuel temperatures, based on direct ignition delay measurements, a unique feature of this research. Addnl., the dispersion of the results was analyzed in terms of repeatability of droplet parameters i.e. Weber number, as well as the diameter and velocity sep., along with eccentricity. The results have shown a huge influence on the ignition delay of both the fuel temperature and the environmental pressure. It was noticed that the average values of the Weber number and the droplet eccentricity remained at a similar level for all measurement points. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Recommanded Product: 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Recommanded Product: 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Phytochemical, antimicrobial and mast cell stabilizing activity of ethanolic extract of Solanum trilobatum Linn. leaves was written by Parasuraman, Subramani;Ren, Lee Yu;Chuon, Bobby Lau Chik;Yee, Stephanie Wong Kah;Qi, Tan Ser;Ching, Jan Yong Shu;Christapher, Parayil Varghese;Venkateskumar, Krishnamoorthy;Raj, Palanimuthu Vasanth. And the article was included in Malaysian Journal of Microbiology in 2016.SDS of cas: 6972-61-8 This article mentions the following:

Aims:Solanum trilobatum Linn., (Solanaceae) is one of the most widely used plants as food supplement in southern part of India and some parts of Southeast Asia. This plant is traditionally used for the treatment of respiratory illness. In animal studies, the extract of S. trilobatum showed significant antimicrobial, hepatoprotective and anticancer activities. The complete phytochem. profile, antimicrobial and mast cell stabilizing activities of S. trilobatum remains unclear. This study tests the antimicrobial, antihistaminic and mast cell stabilizing activities of ethanolic extract of leaves of S. trilobatum (EEST). Methodol. and results: The phytochem. test was carried out using chem. and instrumental [Gas Chromatog. Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)] anal. methods. Antimicrobial effect of EEST was tested against Streptococcus pneumonia, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Intestinal mesentery of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats was used to study the peritoneal mast cell stabilization activity of EEST. The rat intestinal mesentery was exposed to 50, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 600 μg/mL of EEST and the peritoneal mast cell stabilization activity was compared with that of standards (pheniramine 20 μg/mL and ketotifen 20 μg/mL). The phytochem. test showed the presence of carbohydrates, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and phenolic compounds GC-MS anal. indicated the presence of 45 fragmented compounds which included epoxylinalol, himachalol, illudol, epibuphanamine, baimuxinal and edulan IV. EEST exhibited antimicrobial activity at 10 mg/mL against S. aureus, S. pneumonia. Significant mast cell stabilizing activity was observed from the dose of 100 μg/mL to 600 μg/mL. Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of leaves of S. trilobatum possess significant antimicrobial and antihistaminic activity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid (cas: 6972-61-8SDS of cas: 6972-61-8).

3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid (cas: 6972-61-8) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.SDS of cas: 6972-61-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Superior coulombic efficiency of lithium anodes for rechargeable batteries utilizing high-concentration ether electrolytes was written by Xie, Jian-De;Liu, Weng-Jing;Li, Chi;Patra, Jagabandhu;Gandomi, Yasser Ashraf;Dong, Quan-Feng;Chang, Jeng-Kuei. And the article was included in Electrochimica Acta in 2019.Recommanded Product: 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane This article mentions the following:

This study adopts high-concentration ether electrolytes to improve high-rate capability, cycling stability, and Coulombic efficiency (CE) for lithium ion batteries with lithium anode. A series of ether-based electrolytes including lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI)-glyme/ethylene carbonate (EC), LiFSI-glyme/EC, LiFSI-diglyme/EC, LiFSI-triglyme/EC, LiFSI-tetraglyme (G4)/EC, and LiFSI-1,3-dioxolane (DOL)/EC, along with commonly used LiPF₆-DEC/EC were prepared to delineate the influences of concentration, chain length, mol. structure (linear or ring ether), and EC additive on the electrochem. performance of Li anodes. An optimum composition for ether-based electrolyte was determined resulting in significant improvement in anti-flammability as well as CE at both low and high rates. At ultra-high c.d. operation (e.g. 6 mA cm^-2), the CE was 95.5 and 97.1% with 3 M LiFSI-G4/EC and 3 M LiFSI-DOL/EC, resp. Using 1 M LiPF₆ carbonate-based electrolyte tend to grow a needle-like dendritic structure when depositing lithium metal on Cu foils, whereas high-concentration ether electrolyte promotes a knot-like and rounded Li metal microstructure. High concentration EC-based electrolytes, are capable of facilitating Li⁺ almost in tandem with solvent mols., thereby reducing the number of free mols., reducing the chance of side reaction with Li metal, and subsequently inhibiting the formation of dendritic Li structures. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Recommanded Product: 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Recommanded Product: 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Amine Activation: Synthesis of N-(Hetero)arylamides from Isothioureas and Carboxylic Acids was written by Zhu, Yan-Ping;Sergeyev, Sergey;Franck, Philippe;Orru, Romano V. A.;Maes, Bert U. W.. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2016.Application In Synthesis of N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)pivalamide This article mentions the following:

A novel method for N-(hetero)arylamide synthesis based on rarely explored amine activation, rather than classical acid activation, is reported. The activated amines are easily prepared using a three-component reaction with com. reagents. The new method shows a broad scope including challenging amides not (efficiently) accessible via classical protocols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)pivalamide (cas: 56619-93-3Application In Synthesis of N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)pivalamide).

N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)pivalamide (cas: 56619-93-3) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Application In Synthesis of N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)pivalamide

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Chemistry of Pyrrolo[1,2-a]indole- and Pyrido[1,2-a]indole-Based Quinone Methides. Mechanistic Explanations for Differences in Cytostatic/Cytotoxic Properties was written by Khdour, Omar;Skibo, Edward B.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2007.Product Details of 5367-32-8 This article mentions the following:

In the present study the authors investigate pyrido[1,2-a]indole- and pyrrolo[1,2-a]indole-based quinones capable of forming quinone methide and vinyl quinone species upon reduction and leaving group elimination. The goals were to determine the influence of the 6-membered pyrido and the 5-membered pyrrolo fused rings on quinone methide and vinyl quinone formation and fate as well as on cytostatic and cytotoxic activity. The authors used the technique of Spectral Global Fitting to study the fleeting quinone methide intermediate directly. Conclusions regarding quinone methide reactivity are that carbonyl O-protonation is required for nucleophile trapping and that the pK_a value of this protonated species is near neutrality. The abnormally high protonated carbonyl pK_a values are due to the formation of an aromatic carbocation species upon protonation. The fused pyrido ring promotes quinone methide and vinyl quinone formation but slows nucleophile trapping compared to the fused pyrrolo ring. These findings are explained by the presence of axial hydrogen atoms in the fused pyrido ring resulting in more steric congestion compared to the relatively flat fused pyrrolo ring. Consequently, pyrrolo[1,2-a]indole-based quinones exhibit more cytostatic activity than the pyrido[1,2-a]indole analogs due to their greater nucleophile trapping capability. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8Product Details of 5367-32-8).

3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Product Details of 5367-32-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Novel Lead Structures for p38 MAP Kinase via FieldScreen Virtual Screening was written by Cheeseright, Timothy J.;Holm, Melanie;Lehmann, Frank;Luik, Sabine;Gottert, Marcia;Melville, James L.;Laufer, Stefan. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2009.Related Products of 1877-75-4 This article mentions the following:

The p38 MAP kinase has received considerable interest in the pharmaceutical industry and remains a valid and interesting target for the treatment of inflammation. To discover novel p38 inhibitors, the ligand-based virtual screening technique, FieldScreen, was applied to 1.2 million com. available compounds Fifty-eight diverse compounds were selected for biol. anal., using mol. field similarity to known inhibitors, while explicitly removing any structure that shared a scaffold with previously reported p38 inhibitors. Of these, 11 (19%) showed ≥20% inhibition of p38 at 10 μM. Analogs of two distinct chem. series were prepared, resulting in a potential lead compound with pIC₅₀ of 6.4. Modeling of SAR using FieldAlign, a ligand alignment protocol, was used to rationalize the SAR of the series of thiadiazole based inhibitors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4Related Products of 1877-75-4).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Related Products of 1877-75-4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Radical addition of silanes to alkenes followed by oxidation was written by Palframan, Matthew J.;Parsons, Andrew F.;Johnson, Paul. And the article was included in Synlett in 2011.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Phenyldimethylsilane and trichlorosilane are shown to undergo efficient radical hydrosilylation reactions, on reaction with various alkenes, using triethylborane as the initiator. Adducts from the trichlorosilane reactions can be oxidized to afford alcs. in good yields. This two-step process leads to the anti-Markovnikov hydration of alkenes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Crowned spiropyran fluoroionophores with a carboxyl moiety for the selective detection of lithium ions was written by Stubing, D. B.;Heng, S.;Abell, A. D.. And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2016.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

The absorbance and fluorescence spectra of carboxylated spiropyrans containing methyl-1-aza-12-crown-4, methyl-1-aza-15-crown-5, methyl-1-aza-18-crown-6 moieties are compared. Characteristic changes in spectra after addition of the alkali metal salts of Li⁺, Na⁺, K⁺ and Cs⁺ were observed Chromism induced by the binding of the metal cations was observed as an increase in absorbance and fluorescence. Of these metal cations, the Li⁺ ion produced the largest change in all three spiropyran systems. Reversible photoswitching of the spiropyran-metal complexes was observed on irradiation with alternating 352 nm UV and white light. This results in reversible fluorescence based sensing of lithium ions with potential for use in a biol. sensor device. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

New access to indoles by ylide-amide condensation was written by Le Corre, M.;Hercouet, A.;Le Stanc, Y.;Le Baron, H.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 1985.Related Products of 5367-32-8 This article mentions the following:

o-Acylaminobenzylidenephosphoranes lead to indoles in good yield by an intramol. Wittig reaction with the amide carbonyl group. Mechanistic aspects are discussed. A general method is described for the synthesis of indoles from o-nitrobenzyl bromides and o-aminobenzyl alcs. Thus, o-AcNHC₆H₄CH₂PPh₃, prepared in 3 steps from 2-O₂NC₆H₄Me, was treated with base to give the indole I in 96% yield. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8Related Products of 5367-32-8).

3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Related Products of 5367-32-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Photocatalytic pollutant removal in water at room temperature: case study of the total degradation of the insecticide fenitrothion (phosphorothioic acid O,O-dimethyl-O- (3-methyl-4-nitro-phenyl) ester) was written by Kerzhentsev, Mikhail;Guillard, Chantal;Herrmann, Jean-Marie;Pichat, Pierre. And the article was included in Catalysis Today in 1996.Application In Synthesis of 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole This article mentions the following:

The photocatalytic purification of water containing fenitrothion was performed in TiO₂ aqueous suspensions. Mineralization into CO₂, H₂PO₄^–, SO₄^2-, NO₃^– was achieved. Several intermediates were identified by HPLC and gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry. They illustrate the transformation of P:S into P:0, the splitting between the P part and the aromatic moiety, and the transfer of Me or methoxy groups. Formate ions, principally produced from the CH₃O and CH₃ groups, and acetate ions were also detected as intermediate products. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8Application In Synthesis of 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole).

3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Application In Synthesis of 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem