Author: Jessica.F

Ruthenium(III)-catalyzed oxidation of phenoxyacetic acids by aqueous phenyliodoso acetate was written by Gurumurthy, R.;Karunakaran, K.;Sathiyanarayanan, K.. And the article was included in Oxidation Communications in 1993.Formula: C9H10O4 This article mentions the following:

The kinetics of oxidation of phenoxyacetic acid and its derivatives (19 compounds) by phenyliodoso acetate has been studied in 60% (volume/volume) aqueous acetic acid. The reaction is first order with respect to both phenoxyacetic acid and phenyliodoso acetate and is catalyzed by hydrogen ions. Catalysis by Ru(III) is observed A Hammett ρ value of -2.62 at 35° indicates an electron-deficient transition state. The oxidation rates of ortho-substituted compounds have been analyzed by applying Taft’s steric energy parameters. A suitable mechanism has been proposed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4Formula: C9H10O4).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Formula: C9H10O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

A switchable-oxidative cellulose filter paper bearing immobilized Mn^(III)-salen complex for alcohol oxidation was written by Long, Wei;Sevbitov, Andrei;Abdalkareem Jasim, Saade;Kravchenko, Olga;Al-Gazally, Moaed E.;Chupradit, Supat;Kzar, Hamzah H.;Kazemnejadi, Milad. And the article was included in Arabian Journal of Chemistry in 2022.Computed Properties of C8H10O2 This article mentions the following:

Surface modifications of polysaccharide filter papers can alter their catalytic properties significantly. In particular, polysaccharides have gained increasing interest in the development of heterogeneous catalysts. This wok introduces a new approach to the heterogeneous/ sustainable catalytic system preparation based on a catalytic filter paper modified by silylation followed by immobilization of a Mn(III)-salen complex as a novel “catalytic filtration” or “portable catalysis”. Oxidation of alcs. as well as direct conversion of alcs. to Schiff bases and oximes were performed by filtration and passing the reactants through the modified filter paper. Oxidation of benzyl alc. in the presence of mol. oxygen and NaOCl, selectively leads to aldehydes and carboxylic acids, resp. The direct conversion of alcs. to Schiff bases and oximes resulted in the formation of insoluble products on the filter paper. Another advantage of the modified filter paper was its stability and reusability for several times with preservation of the catalytic activity and swellability, which no shrinkage during consecutive wetting-drying cycles was observed Also, a deep study was conducted over mechanism, reusability/stability, and control experiments of the alc. oxidation This study gave new insights into the catalytic propensities of a cellulose filter paper via filtration of reactants. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Computed Properties of C8H10O2).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Computed Properties of C8H10O2

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Controlling the Isomerization of Photoresponsive Molecules through a Limiting Tautomerization Strategy was written by Duan, Yongli;Zhao, Haiquan;Xue, Guodong;Sun, Fanxi;Stricker, Friedrich;Wang, Zhen;Mao, Lijun;He, Chao;de Alaniz, Javier Read;Zheng, Yonghao;Wang, Dongsheng. And the article was included in Journal of Physical Chemistry B in 2022.Related Products of 66943-05-3 This article mentions the following:

Controlling the multistage photoresponsivity remains a challenge, in part, due to the spontaneous tautomerization between isomers. Herein, we present a strategy to access three independent states (linear, cyclic keto, and cyclic enolate) of crown ether (CE)-substituted donor-acceptor Stenhouse adducts (DASAs) by limiting the tautomerization of the closed isomers. The linear-cyclic keto isomerization is reversibly triggered by treatment with metal ions (Na⁺ or K⁺) and CE, while the linear-cyclic enolate isomerization is induced by green light and heat. D. functional theory and mol. dynamics calculation results suggest that the steric effect and supramol. interaction between the electron-donating and electron-withdrawing moieties play an important role in hindering the tautomerization between cyclic keto and cyclic enolate DASA-CE. The strategy to influence key steps in the photoswitching process inspires well-controlled multistage isomerization of photoresponsive mols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Related Products of 66943-05-3).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Related Products of 66943-05-3

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Oxidative bromination reactions in aqueous media by using Bu₄NBr/TFA/H₂O₂ system was written by Moriuchi, Toshiyuki;Fukui, Yasuhiro;Sakuramoto, Takashi;Hirao, Toshikazu. And the article was included in Chemistry Letters in 2017.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Metal-free oxidative bromination reactions in aqueous media were performed using combination of tetrabutylammonium bromide as a a bromide source, trifluoroacetic acid as an acid and hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant under mild conditions. Oxidative bromination reaction of alkenes R¹CH:CHR² [R¹ = HO(CH₂)₄, n-C₈H₁₇, PhCH₂, R² = H; R¹ = Ph, R² = HOCH₂] and alkynes R³CCR⁴ (R³ = Ph, R⁴ = Me; R³ = R⁴ = MeOCH₂) afforded the corresponding vicinal dibromides R¹CHBrCHBrR² and (E)-R³CBr:CR⁴Br, resp. Furthermore, this oxidative bromination system was applicable to the oxidative bromination of arenes, i.e. 2,6-dimethylphenol and 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene, and 3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one. A gram-scale bromination reaction was also performed successfully. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Volumetric and Viscosimetric Measurements for Methanol + CH₃-O-(CH₂CH₂O)_n-CH₃ (n = 2, 3, 4) Mixtures at (293.15-303.15) K and Atmospheric Pressure: Application of the ERAS Model was written by Gonzalez, Juan A.;Martinez, Francisco J.;Sanz, Luis F.;Hevia, Fernando;de la Fuente, Isaias Garcia;Cobos, Jose C.. And the article was included in Journal of Solution Chemistry in 2020.Application of 112-49-2 This article mentions the following:

Abstract: Densities, ρ, and kinematic viscosities, ν, have been determined at atm. pressure and at 293.15-303.15 K for binary mixtures formed by methanol and one linear polyether of the type CH₃-O-(CH₂CH₂O)_n-CH₃ (n = 2, 3, 4). Measurements on ρ and ν were carried out, resp., using an Anton Paar DMA 602 vibrating-tube densimeter and an Ubbelohde viscosimeter. The ρ values were used to compute excess molar volumes, V^Em, and, together with the ν results, dynamic viscosities (η). Deviations from linear dependence on mole fraction for viscosity, Δη, are also provided. Different semi-empirical equations have been employed to correlate viscosity data. Particularly, the equations used are the: Grunberg-Nissan, Hind, Frenkel, Katti-Chaudhri, McAllister and Heric. Calculations show that better results are obtained from the Hind equation. The V^Em values are large and neg. and contrast with the pos. excess molar enthalpies, H^Em, available in the literature, for these systems. Methanol + CH₃-O-(CH₂CH₂O)_n-CH₃ mixtures have been treated in the framework of the ERAS model. Results for H^Em are acceptable, while the composition dependence of the V^Em curves is poorly represented. This has been ascribed to the existence of strong dipolar and structural effects in the present solutions In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Application of 112-49-2).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Application of 112-49-2

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Thermoresponsive Properties of Poly[oligo(ethylene glycol) sorbate]s Prepared by Organocatalyzed Group Transfer Polymerization was written by Liu, Yujian;Lei, Yongyao;Chen, Yougen. And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2022.Recommanded Product: 111-77-3 This article mentions the following:

The current contribution presents the synthesis of poly[oligo(ethylene glycol) sorbate]s (PREG_mSs) by the t-Bu-P₄-catalyzed group transfer polymerization (GTP) method, their postpolymn. modification at the backbone double bond, and thermoresponsive properties in aqueous solution Four oligo(ethylene glycol) sorbate monomers (REG_mSs), including 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl sorbate (MeEG₂S), 2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl sorbate (MeEG₃S), 2-(2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl sorbate (EtEG₃S), and 2-(2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl sorbate (MeEG₄S), are newly designed to study the thermoresponsive properties of their related polymers. The t-Bu-P₄-catalyzed GTP of REG_mS only proceeds in a 1,4-regioselective addition manner to quant. produce the backbone trans-rich (ca. 80%) PREG_mS. The complete hydrogenation and epoxidation of the backbone double bonds result in hydrogenated and epoxidized polymers (PREG_mS-H₂ and PREG_mS-epoxy, resp.), which have different main-chain structures and rigidity from their parent PREG_mS. Given the 1,4-substituted structure of a sorbate monomer, the chem. structure determination of PREG_mS-H₂ by ¹³C NMR spectra demonstrates that the above polymers have an erythro-rich (ca. 60%) structure in diastereochem. and a diisotactic/disyndiotactic ratio around 1:1 in stereoregularity. The thermoresponsive properties of PREG_mS, PREG_mS-H₂, and PREG_mS-epoxy in aqueous solutions are studied in detail from various aspects in terms of polymer mass concentration, mol. weight, length and end group of the oligo(ethylene glycol) side chain, and main-chain structure by turbidity, ¹H NMR spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering (DLS) methods, which are discussed below. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Recommanded Product: 111-77-3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Recommanded Product: 111-77-3

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

pks63787, a Polyketide Synthase Gene Responsible for the Biosynthesis of Benzenoids in the Medicinal Mushroom Antrodia cinnamomea was written by Yu, Po-Wei;Chang, Ya-Chih;Liou, Ruey-Fen;Lee, Tzong-Huei;Tzean, Shean-Shong. And the article was included in Journal of Natural Products in 2016.Synthetic Route of C9H10O4 This article mentions the following:

Antrodia cinnamomea, a unique resupinate basidiomycete endemic to Taiwan, has potent medicinal activities. The reddish basidiocarps and mycelia generally exhibit abundant metabolites and higher biol. activity. To investigate the pigments of A. cinnamomea, polyketide synthase (PKS) genes were characterized based on its partially deciphered genome and the construction of a fosmid library. Furthermore, a gene disruption platform was established via protoplast transformation and homologous recombination. Of four putative polyketide synthase genes, pks63787 was selected and disrupted in the monokaryotic wild-type (weight) strain f101. Transformant Δpks63787 was deficient in the synthesis of several aromatic metabolites, including five benzenoids and two benzoquinone derivatives Based on these results, a biosynthetic pathway for benzenoid derivatives was proposed. The pks63787 deletion mutant not only displayed a reduced red phenotype compared to the weight strain but also displayed less 1,1-biphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity. This finding suggests that PKS63787 is responsible for the biosynthesis of pigments and metabolites related to the antioxidant activity of A. cinnamomea. The present study focuses on the functional characterization of the PKS gene, the fluctuations of its profile of secondary metabolites, and interpretation of the biosynthesis of benzenoids. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7Synthetic Route of C9H10O4).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Synthetic Route of C9H10O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Regioregular and Regioirregular Oligoether Carbonates: A ¹³C{¹H} NMR Investigation was written by Byrnes, Matthew J.;Chisholm, Malcolm H.;Hadad, Christopher M.;Zhou, Zhiping. And the article was included in Macromolecules in 2004.Reference of 20324-33-8 This article mentions the following:

Oligoether carbonates R(PO)_nOCO₂(PO)_nR, where R = Me, Et, or H, PO = propylene oxide ring-opened unit, and n = 1, 2, 3, 4, ∼10, and ∼30, have been prepared and characterized by ESI/MS or MALDI/MS and ¹³C{¹H} NMR spectroscopy in addition to ¹H NMR, DEPT, COSY, and HMQC. The propylene oxide (PO) units have been derived from S-PO and rac-PO. The compounds have been examined as potential models for polyether carbonate units in poly(propylene carbonate). For HH junctions, assignments of isotactic (i) and syndiotactic (s) diads and iii, iis/sii, sis, isi, ssi/iss, and sss tetrads are unequivocal. Assignments at the hexad level are limited. For higher oligoether carbonates, i.e., n ∼ 10 or ∼30, only the i and s diad sensitivity is possible at 150 MHz ¹³C{¹H} NMR. Calculations on the compounds MeOCH₂CHMeOCO₂CHMeCH₂OMe (RR (i) and SR (s)) and MeOCO₂CH₂CHMeOCO₂CHMeCH₂OCO₂Me were carried out employing d. functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level for geometry optimization and the B3LYP/6-311+G(2d,p) level for NMR calculations These results are compared with the exptl. work and structures of di-Me carbonate. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol (cas: 20324-33-8Reference of 20324-33-8).

1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol (cas: 20324-33-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Reference of 20324-33-8

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Ether – Wikipedia,
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Synthesis of melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) was written by Duan, Chuanfeng;Yang, Yijun. And the article was included in Yaoxue Xuebao in 1996.SDS of cas: 5367-32-8 This article mentions the following:

Melatonin was prepared in many steps from m-cresol via nitration, O-methylation, C-carboxycarbonylation, cyclization, decarboxylation, Mannich reaction with HNMe₂-HCHO, cyanation, hydride reduction, and N-acetylation. The structure of all the compounds synthesized were characterized by elementary anal. and IR, MS and ¹HNMR spectra. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8SDS of cas: 5367-32-8).

3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.SDS of cas: 5367-32-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Percolative behavior models based on artificial neural networks for electrical percolation of AOT microemulsions in the presence of crown ethers as additives was written by Moldes, Oscar A.;Cid, Antonio;Astray, Gonzalo;Mejuto, Juan C.. And the article was included in Tenside, Surfactants, Detergents in 2014.Recommanded Product: 66943-05-3 This article mentions the following:

A series of models, based on artificial neural networks, of the percolative behavior of AOT microemulsions in the presence of crown ethers as additives have been developed. Input variables, related to the chem. structure of crown ethers and their packing with surfactant film, have been selected. As a result, a model has been chosen with a good forecast capability for percolation threshold of such microemulsions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Recommanded Product: 66943-05-3).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Recommanded Product: 66943-05-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem