Author: Jessica.F

Rongalite-Mediated Transition Metal- and Hydride-Free Chemoselective Reduction of α-Keto Esters and α-Keto Amides was written by Golla, Sivaparwathi;Kokatla, Hari Prasad. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2022.Computed Properties of C8H10O2 This article mentions the following:

A transition metal- and hydride-free protocol was developed for the chemoselective reduction of α-keto esters and αketo amides using rongalite as a reducing agent. Here, rongalite acts as a hydride-free reducing agent via a radical mechanism. This protocol offered the synthesis of a wide range of α-hydroxy esters ArCHOHC(O)OR [Ar = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 1-naphthyl, etc.; R = Et, i-Pr, Bn, etc.] and α-hydroxy amides ArCHOHC(O)NR¹R² [Ar = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, etc.; R¹ = H, Me; R² = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, Bn, etc.] with 85-98% yields. This chemoselective method was compatible with other reducible functionalities such as halides, alkenes, amides and nitriles. The use of inexpensive rongalite (ca. $0.03/1 g), mild reaction conditions, and gram-scale synthesis were some of the key features of this methodol. Also, cyclandelate, a vasodilator drug, was synthesized in gram scale with 79% yield. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Computed Properties of C8H10O2).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Computed Properties of C8H10O2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Selective radioactive decontamination employing dual stimuli responsive N-Aza crown ether containing polymer hydrogels was written by Deli, Dario;Crouch, David J.;Law, Kathleen;Yeates, Stephen G.;Livens, Francis. And the article was included in Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings in 2010.Application of 66943-05-3 This article mentions the following:

We report the synthesis and properties of two different hydrogels based on N-isopropylacrylamide/acrylic acid and copolymers of oligo-ethylene glycol methacrylates incorporating N-Aza crown ethers. Both hydrogels show rapid response to environmental stimuli and their size can be tuned by pH and temperature Swollen states lead to high adsorption of water and high contact surface area with ions whereas in the collapsed state the material releases water and the ions not selectively retained by the polymer. Preliminary autoradiog. tests show that these materials strongly bind ⁹⁰Sr and both pH and temperature can be used to fine tune binding selectivity. This results in such materials being promising candidates for use as smart scavenging agents for radioactive decontamination. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Application of 66943-05-3).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Application of 66943-05-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Thiourea-Mediated Halogenation of Alcohols was written by Mohite, Amar R.;Phatake, Ravindra S.;Dubey, Pooja;Agbaria, Mohamed;Shames, Alexander I.;Lemcoff, N. Gabriel;Reany, Ofer. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2020.Name: 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol This article mentions the following:

The halogenation of alcs. under mild conditions expedited by the presence of substoichiometric amounts of thiourea additives is presented. The amount of thiourea added dictates the pathway of the reaction, which may diverge from the desired halogenation reaction toward oxidation of the alc., in the absence of thiourea, or toward starting material recovery when excess thiourea is used. Both bromination and chlorination were highly efficient for primary, secondary, tertiary, and benzyl alcs. and tolerate a broad range of functional groups. Detailed ESR (EPR) studies, isotopic labeling, and other control experiments suggest a radical-based mechanism. The fact that the reaction is carried out at ambient conditions, uses ubiquitous and inexpensive reagents, boasts a wide scope, and can be made highly atom economic, makes this new methodol. a very appealing option for this archetypical organic reaction. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Name: 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Name: 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

A multi-photon fluorescence ′′on-off-on′′ probe based on organotin (IV) complex for high-sensitive detection of Cu²⁺ was written by Fang, Zhiyun;Chen, Dandan;Xu, Jing;Liu, Shanqing;Xu, Guoyong;Tian, Xiaohe;Xuan, Jun;Tian, Yupeng;Zhang, Qiong. And the article was included in Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical in 2022.Synthetic Route of C5H12O3 This article mentions the following:

Multi-photon materials were concerned widely in current research. Developing more probes with multi-photon properties were urgently exploded. In this work, two organotin (IV) complexes based on 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde and Et vanillin (G1PH3 and G2PH3) which possessed multi-photon property were designed and synthesized. G1PH3 which possessed three-photon absorption properties could detect Cu²⁺. Three-photon absorption cross section was 6.76 × 10^-82 cm⁶s²/mol^-2 when Cu²⁺ was added to G1PH3, the three-photon fluorescence cross section attained 23.80 × 10^-82 cm⁶s²/mol^-2 in the presence of 10 μM glucose. The Job′s plot anal. indicated that the combination ratio of G1PH3 and Cu²⁺ was 2:1. ¹H NMR titration and DFT calculation revealed that G1PH3 and Cu²⁺ had tight combination at the benzene position. G1PH3 had respond to glucose through ′′on′′ fluorescence in presence of Cu²⁺, which indicated that G1PH3 possessed dual function of detecting Cu²⁺ and glucose in vitro and in vivo. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Synthetic Route of C5H12O3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Synthetic Route of C5H12O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Electro-Oxidative Selective Esterification of Methylarenes and Benzaldehydes was written by Yu, Congjun;Oezkaya, Buenyamin;Patureau, Frederic W.. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2021.Application In Synthesis of (2-Methoxy-5-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)boronic acid This article mentions the following:

A mild and green electro-oxidative protocol to construct aromatic esters from methylarenes and alcs. were reported. Importantly, the reaction was free of metals, chem. oxidants, bases, acids, and operated at room temperature Moreover, the design of the electrolyte was found critical for the oxidation state and structure of the coupling products, a rarely documented effect. The electro-oxidative coupling process also displayed exceptional tolerance of many fragile easily oxidized functional groups such as hydroxy, aldehyde, olefin, alkyne, as well as neighboring benzylic positions. The enantiomeric enrichment of some chiral alcs. was moreover preserved during this electro-oxidative coupling reaction, making it overall a promising synthetic tool. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2-Methoxy-5-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)boronic acid (cas: 221006-63-9Application In Synthesis of (2-Methoxy-5-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)boronic acid).

(2-Methoxy-5-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)boronic acid (cas: 221006-63-9) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Application In Synthesis of (2-Methoxy-5-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)boronic acid

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Novel thioether Schiff base transition metal complexes: Design, synthesis, characterization, molecular docking, computational, biological and catalytic studies was written by Singh, Anmol;Gogoi, Himadri Priya;Barman, Pranjit;Guha, Ankur Kanti. And the article was included in Applied Organometallic Chemistry in 2022.Quality Control of (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

A series of novel copper(II), nickel(II), zinc(II) and cobalt(II) Schiff base metal complexes were synthesized by the reaction of 2-(benzylthio)aniline with pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde and characterized by FT-IR, UV-visible, elemental analyses, ¹H-NMR, magnetic susceptibility and ESI-MS. The Schiff base ligand posed as an NS-bidentate ligand, confirming the synthesis of metal complexes with the suggested structure, according to the spectrum anal. data. All the complexes acquire square planar geometry. Furthermore, the DFT method was utilized to conduct computational analyses of metal complexes. The spectroscopic (UV-Vis and fluorescence) techniques were employed to probe the binding nature of calf thymus-DNA binding to metal complexes. The metal complexes interact with DNA through intercalative mode, according to the spectroscopic titration data. The antioxidant properties of metal complexes were evaluated using their reducing ability and free radical scavenging activity of DPPH. The antioxidant property is high in isolated complexes. The in vitro anti-inflammatory efficacy of all complexes has also been studied. All the metal complexes exhibited effective anti-inflammatory activity and can be used as synthetic drugs. The synthesized copper(II) complex exhibits excellent catalytic activities for the transformation reaction of alc. to aldehyde in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The interaction of metal complexes with active sites of the B-DNA (1-BNA) and 6-COX (COX 2) was studied using docking studies. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Quality Control of (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Quality Control of (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of Fluoromethylated Arenes via Palladium-Catalyzed C-H Fluoromethylation of Aryl Iodides was written by Du, Yiming;Chen, Shuxin;Huang, Ao;Chen, Yihan;Liu, Yun-Lin;Song, Gaopeng;Tang, Ri-Yuan;Xu, Hanhong;Yao, Guangkai;Li, Zhaodong. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2022.Formula: C14H21BO4 This article mentions the following:

Herein the first versatile and expeditious method for the site-selective C-H fluoromethylation of aryl iodides ArI (Ar = 2-methylphenyl, 6-chloro-2-methylpyridin-3-yl, 2H-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl, etc.) via Pd/NBE cooperative catalysis, which could work as a robust toolbox for the diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS) of fluoromethylated arenes, e.g., tert-Bu (E)-3-(2,4-bis(fluoromethyl)-6-methoxypyridin-3-yl)acrylate has been reported. This methodol. features the use of low-cost industrial raw material CH₂IF as fluoromethyl source, excellent functional group tolerance and broad ipso terminations scope, and could be expanded to the late-stage modification of biorelevant mols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4Formula: C14H21BO4).

2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Formula: C14H21BO4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Cation-Modulated Reactivity of Iridium Hydride Pincer-Crown Ether Complexes was written by Kita, Matthew R.;Miller, Alexander J. M.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2014.Synthetic Route of C10H21NO4 This article mentions the following:

Complexes of a new multidentate ligand combining a rigid, strongly donating pincer scaffold with a flexible, weakly donating aza-crown ether moiety are reported. The pincer-crown ether ligand exhibits tridentate, tetradentate, and pentadentate coordination modes. The coordination mode can be changed by Lewis base displacement of the chelating ethers, with binding equilibrium dramatically altered through lithium and sodium cation-macrocycle interactions. Cation-promoted hydrogen activation was accomplished by an iridium monohydride cation ligated in a pentadentate fashion by the pincer-crown ether ligand. The rate can be controlled on the basis of the choice of cation (with lithium-containing reactions proceeding about 10 times faster than sodium-containing reactions) or on the basis of the concentration of the cation. Up to 250-fold rate enhancements in H/D exchange rates are observed when catalytic amounts of Li⁺ are added. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Synthetic Route of C10H21NO4).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Synthetic Route of C10H21NO4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Carbon-13 NMR studies on reaction mechanisms. IV. Solvolysis of 4-aryl-n-butyl brosylates was written by Fujio, Mizue;Taguchi, Miyako;Wada, Yoshiko;Seki, Yoji;Mishima, Masaaki;Tsuno, Yuho. And the article was included in Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series C: Chemistry in 1980.Recommanded Product: 3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid This article mentions the following:

The solvolysis of methoxy-substituted 4-phenylbutyl-1–¹³C (90% enriched) brosylate gave both open-chain ester products and isomeric products (e.g., 6- or 7-methoxytetralin-1–¹³C) via anchimerically-assisted pathways. The ¹³C NMR tracer technique was applied to the solvolysis mechanism and kinetics. Suitably positioned MeO groups accelerated the anchimerically assisted route. Transition states for the assisted pathways were discussed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid (cas: 6972-61-8Recommanded Product: 3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid).

3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid (cas: 6972-61-8) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Recommanded Product: 3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Structure-activity relationships of a novel series of melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) receptor antagonists was written by Arienzo, Rosa;Clark, David E.;Cramp, Sue;Daly, Stephen;Dyke, Hazel J.;Lockey, Peter;Norman, Dennis;Roach, Alan G.;Stuttle, Keith;Tomlinson, Maxine;Wong, Melanie;Wren, Stephen P.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2004.Computed Properties of C9H10O4 This article mentions the following:

A new series of 2-aminoquinolines, e.g. I [R¹R²N = N-methylpiperazino, morpholino, piperidino, etc.; R¹ = Me₂CH, cyclopentyl, R² = H; R¹ = Me, PhCH₂, R² = Me; R³ = Ph, 4-ClC₆H₄, 4-F₃CC₆H₄, 2,4-Cl₂C₆H₃, etc.] has been identified as antagonists of the melanin concentrating hormone receptor (MCH-1R). Syntheses and structure-activity relationships are described leading to a compound having low nanomolar activity against the receptor and demonstrating functional antagonism. Studies also showed that some of the compounds were selective against a range of other G protein-coupled receptors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4Computed Properties of C9H10O4).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Computed Properties of C9H10O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem