Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Thermoresponsive Properties of Poly[oligo(ethylene glycol) sorbate]s Prepared by Organocatalyzed Group Transfer Polymerization was written by Liu, Yujian;Lei, Yongyao;Chen, Yougen. And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2022.Recommanded Product: 111-77-3 This article mentions the following:

The current contribution presents the synthesis of poly[oligo(ethylene glycol) sorbate]s (PREG_mSs) by the t-Bu-P₄-catalyzed group transfer polymerization (GTP) method, their postpolymn. modification at the backbone double bond, and thermoresponsive properties in aqueous solution Four oligo(ethylene glycol) sorbate monomers (REG_mSs), including 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl sorbate (MeEG₂S), 2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl sorbate (MeEG₃S), 2-(2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl sorbate (EtEG₃S), and 2-(2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl sorbate (MeEG₄S), are newly designed to study the thermoresponsive properties of their related polymers. The t-Bu-P₄-catalyzed GTP of REG_mS only proceeds in a 1,4-regioselective addition manner to quant. produce the backbone trans-rich (ca. 80%) PREG_mS. The complete hydrogenation and epoxidation of the backbone double bonds result in hydrogenated and epoxidized polymers (PREG_mS-H₂ and PREG_mS-epoxy, resp.), which have different main-chain structures and rigidity from their parent PREG_mS. Given the 1,4-substituted structure of a sorbate monomer, the chem. structure determination of PREG_mS-H₂ by ¹³C NMR spectra demonstrates that the above polymers have an erythro-rich (ca. 60%) structure in diastereochem. and a diisotactic/disyndiotactic ratio around 1:1 in stereoregularity. The thermoresponsive properties of PREG_mS, PREG_mS-H₂, and PREG_mS-epoxy in aqueous solutions are studied in detail from various aspects in terms of polymer mass concentration, mol. weight, length and end group of the oligo(ethylene glycol) side chain, and main-chain structure by turbidity, ¹H NMR spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering (DLS) methods, which are discussed below. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Recommanded Product: 111-77-3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Recommanded Product: 111-77-3

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Volumetric and Viscosimetric Measurements for Methanol + CH₃-O-(CH₂CH₂O)_n-CH₃ (n = 2, 3, 4) Mixtures at (293.15-303.15) K and Atmospheric Pressure: Application of the ERAS Model was written by Gonzalez, Juan A.;Martinez, Francisco J.;Sanz, Luis F.;Hevia, Fernando;de la Fuente, Isaias Garcia;Cobos, Jose C.. And the article was included in Journal of Solution Chemistry in 2020.Application of 112-49-2 This article mentions the following:

Abstract: Densities, ρ, and kinematic viscosities, ν, have been determined at atm. pressure and at 293.15-303.15 K for binary mixtures formed by methanol and one linear polyether of the type CH₃-O-(CH₂CH₂O)_n-CH₃ (n = 2, 3, 4). Measurements on ρ and ν were carried out, resp., using an Anton Paar DMA 602 vibrating-tube densimeter and an Ubbelohde viscosimeter. The ρ values were used to compute excess molar volumes, V^Em, and, together with the ν results, dynamic viscosities (η). Deviations from linear dependence on mole fraction for viscosity, Δη, are also provided. Different semi-empirical equations have been employed to correlate viscosity data. Particularly, the equations used are the: Grunberg-Nissan, Hind, Frenkel, Katti-Chaudhri, McAllister and Heric. Calculations show that better results are obtained from the Hind equation. The V^Em values are large and neg. and contrast with the pos. excess molar enthalpies, H^Em, available in the literature, for these systems. Methanol + CH₃-O-(CH₂CH₂O)_n-CH₃ mixtures have been treated in the framework of the ERAS model. Results for H^Em are acceptable, while the composition dependence of the V^Em curves is poorly represented. This has been ascribed to the existence of strong dipolar and structural effects in the present solutions In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Application of 112-49-2).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Application of 112-49-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Oxidative bromination reactions in aqueous media by using Bu₄NBr/TFA/H₂O₂ system was written by Moriuchi, Toshiyuki;Fukui, Yasuhiro;Sakuramoto, Takashi;Hirao, Toshikazu. And the article was included in Chemistry Letters in 2017.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Metal-free oxidative bromination reactions in aqueous media were performed using combination of tetrabutylammonium bromide as a a bromide source, trifluoroacetic acid as an acid and hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant under mild conditions. Oxidative bromination reaction of alkenes R¹CH:CHR² [R¹ = HO(CH₂)₄, n-C₈H₁₇, PhCH₂, R² = H; R¹ = Ph, R² = HOCH₂] and alkynes R³CCR⁴ (R³ = Ph, R⁴ = Me; R³ = R⁴ = MeOCH₂) afforded the corresponding vicinal dibromides R¹CHBrCHBrR² and (E)-R³CBr:CR⁴Br, resp. Furthermore, this oxidative bromination system was applicable to the oxidative bromination of arenes, i.e. 2,6-dimethylphenol and 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene, and 3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one. A gram-scale bromination reaction was also performed successfully. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Controlling the Isomerization of Photoresponsive Molecules through a Limiting Tautomerization Strategy was written by Duan, Yongli;Zhao, Haiquan;Xue, Guodong;Sun, Fanxi;Stricker, Friedrich;Wang, Zhen;Mao, Lijun;He, Chao;de Alaniz, Javier Read;Zheng, Yonghao;Wang, Dongsheng. And the article was included in Journal of Physical Chemistry B in 2022.Related Products of 66943-05-3 This article mentions the following:

Controlling the multistage photoresponsivity remains a challenge, in part, due to the spontaneous tautomerization between isomers. Herein, we present a strategy to access three independent states (linear, cyclic keto, and cyclic enolate) of crown ether (CE)-substituted donor-acceptor Stenhouse adducts (DASAs) by limiting the tautomerization of the closed isomers. The linear-cyclic keto isomerization is reversibly triggered by treatment with metal ions (Na⁺ or K⁺) and CE, while the linear-cyclic enolate isomerization is induced by green light and heat. D. functional theory and mol. dynamics calculation results suggest that the steric effect and supramol. interaction between the electron-donating and electron-withdrawing moieties play an important role in hindering the tautomerization between cyclic keto and cyclic enolate DASA-CE. The strategy to influence key steps in the photoswitching process inspires well-controlled multistage isomerization of photoresponsive mols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Related Products of 66943-05-3).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Related Products of 66943-05-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

A switchable-oxidative cellulose filter paper bearing immobilized Mn^(III)-salen complex for alcohol oxidation was written by Long, Wei;Sevbitov, Andrei;Abdalkareem Jasim, Saade;Kravchenko, Olga;Al-Gazally, Moaed E.;Chupradit, Supat;Kzar, Hamzah H.;Kazemnejadi, Milad. And the article was included in Arabian Journal of Chemistry in 2022.Computed Properties of C8H10O2 This article mentions the following:

Surface modifications of polysaccharide filter papers can alter their catalytic properties significantly. In particular, polysaccharides have gained increasing interest in the development of heterogeneous catalysts. This wok introduces a new approach to the heterogeneous/ sustainable catalytic system preparation based on a catalytic filter paper modified by silylation followed by immobilization of a Mn(III)-salen complex as a novel “catalytic filtration” or “portable catalysis”. Oxidation of alcs. as well as direct conversion of alcs. to Schiff bases and oximes were performed by filtration and passing the reactants through the modified filter paper. Oxidation of benzyl alc. in the presence of mol. oxygen and NaOCl, selectively leads to aldehydes and carboxylic acids, resp. The direct conversion of alcs. to Schiff bases and oximes resulted in the formation of insoluble products on the filter paper. Another advantage of the modified filter paper was its stability and reusability for several times with preservation of the catalytic activity and swellability, which no shrinkage during consecutive wetting-drying cycles was observed Also, a deep study was conducted over mechanism, reusability/stability, and control experiments of the alc. oxidation This study gave new insights into the catalytic propensities of a cellulose filter paper via filtration of reactants. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Computed Properties of C8H10O2).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Computed Properties of C8H10O2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Ruthenium(II)-enabled para-selective C-H difluoromethylation of anilides and their derivatives was written by Yuan, Chunchen;Zhu, Lei;Chen, Changpeng;Chen, Xiaolan;Yang, Yong;Lan, Yu;Zhao, Yingsheng. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2018.Computed Properties of C12H17NO2 This article mentions the following:

Here the development of a ruthenium-enabled para-selective C-H difluoromethylation of anilides, indolines, and tetrahydroquinolines is described. This reaction tolerates various substituted arenes, affording para-difluoromethylation products in moderate to good yields. Results of a preliminary study of the mechanism indicate that chelation-assisted cycloruthenation might play a role in the selective activation of para-CAr-H bonds. Furthermore, this method provides a direct approach for the synthesis of fluorinated drug derivatives, which has important application for drug discovery and development. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)pivalamide (cas: 56619-93-3Computed Properties of C12H17NO2).

N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)pivalamide (cas: 56619-93-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Computed Properties of C12H17NO2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

AgNO₃-catalyzed decarboxylative cross-coupling reaction: an approach to coenzyme Q was written by Luo, Wan-Yue;Lu, Bin;Qiu, Yong-Fu;Zhou, Rong-Ye;He, Yong-Jing;Wang, Jin. And the article was included in New Journal of Chemistry in 2020.Quality Control of 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione This article mentions the following:

An efficient and general method for the synthesis of coenzyme Q compounds through the activation of the 1,4-benzoquinone Csp²-H bond was developed. This C-C bond formation reaction proceeds readily in an open flask by the direct cross-coupling reaction of coenzyme Q₀ with com. available aliphatic carboxylic acids utilizing AgNO₃ as a catalyst and K₂S₂O₈ as an oxidant in aqueous solution This radical reaction is operationally simple and amenable to gram-scale synthesis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7Quality Control of 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Quality Control of 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Tracing the tail of ubiquinone in mitochondrial complex I was written by Angerer, Heike;Nasiri, Hamid R.;Niedergesaess, Vanessa;Kerscher, Stefan;Schwalbe, Harald;Brandt, Ulrich. And the article was included in Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Bioenergetics in 2012.Application of 605-94-7 This article mentions the following:

Mitochondrial complex I (proton pumping NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) is the largest and most complicated component of the respiratory electron transfer chain. Despite its central role in biol. energy conversion the structure and function of this membrane integral multi-protein complex is still poorly understood. Recent insights into the structure of complex I by X-ray crystallog. have shown that iron-sulfur cluster N2, the immediate electron donor for ubiquinone, resides about 30 Å above the membrane domain and mutagenesis studies suggested that the active site for the hydrophobic substrate is located next to this redox-center. To trace the path for the hydrophobic tail of ubiquinone when it enters the peripheral arm of complex I, an extensive structure/function anal. of complex I from Yarrowia lipolytica was performed monitoring the interaction of site-directed mutants with five ubiquinone derivatives carrying different tails. The catalytic activity of a subset of mutants was strictly dependent on the presence of intact isoprenoid moieties in the tail. Overall a consistent picture emerged suggesting that the tail of ubiquinone enters through a narrow path at the interface between the 49-kDa and PSST subunits. Most notably a set of methionines was identified that seems to form a hydrophobic gate to the active site reminiscent to the M-domains involved in the interaction with hydrophobic targeting sequences with the signal recognition particle of the endoplasmic reticulum. Interestingly, two of the amino acids critical for the interaction with the ubiquinone tail are different in bovine complex I and it could be shown that one of these exchanges is responsible for the lower sensitivity of Y. lipolytica complex I toward the inhibitor rotenone. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7Application of 605-94-7).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Application of 605-94-7

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

A Convenient Esterification of N-Heteroarene Methanols via C-CN Bond Cleavage of Benzoyl Cyanides as Acylating Sources was written by Su, Fangyao;Zhao, Qianrui;Wang, Mengzhuo;Zhao, Mingzhang;Ren, Yihe;Zhu, Binghan;Chen, Haoran;Lai, Miao;Zhao, Mingqin. And the article was included in ChemistrySelect in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 63071-12-5 This article mentions the following:

An efficient and straightforward methodol. for the esterification of various N-heteroarene methanols using benzoyl cyanides as acylating sources through a simply mixing conditions has been reported. The acyl groups were in-situ generated via chemoselective C-CN bond cleavage to give the N-heteroarenemethyl esters. This process features in readily accessible starting materials and offers an easy operational procedure, and broad substrate scope with excellent selectivity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (6-Methoxypyridin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 63071-12-5HPLC of Formula: 63071-12-5).

(6-Methoxypyridin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 63071-12-5) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.HPLC of Formula: 63071-12-5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Ruthenium-catalyzed dehydrogenative N-heterocyclization. Indoles from 2-aminophenethyl alcohols and 2-nitrophenethyl alcohols was written by Tsuji, Yasushi;Kotachi, Shinji;Huh, Keun Tae;Watanabe, Yoshihisa. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 1990.Computed Properties of C8H9NO3 This article mentions the following:

Indole derivatives I (R = H, 6-Me, 5-MeO, 4-Cl, 6-Cl, 4-Br) were readily obtained from 2-aminophenethyl alcs. in the presence of 2 mol % of RuCl₂(PPh₃)₃ under reflux in toluene. I(R = H) obtained from 2-aminophenethyl alc. quant. Other I were also obtained in 73-99% isolated yields. The 2-aminophenethyl alcs. were easily prepared by condensation between the corresponding 2-nitrotoluenes and aldehydes followed by reduction During the reaction, a stoichiometric amount of hydrogen was spontaneously evolved into the gas phase. With a heterogeneous and homogeneous binary catalyst system, indoles were afforded in one pot from 2-nitrophenethyl alcs. under a hydrogen atm. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8Computed Properties of C8H9NO3).

3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Computed Properties of C8H9NO3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem