Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Synthesis and bioactivity of erythromycin derivatives was written by Chen, Mingwei;Muri, Estela M. F.;Jacob, Melissa;Williamson, John S.. And the article was included in Medicinal Chemistry Research in 2003.Recommanded Product: 1,1-Diisopropoxycyclohexane This article mentions the following:

A small series of semisynthetic 6-O-alkylated erythromycin derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their antimicrobial activity. A dichlorobenzenyl 6-O-allyl erythromycin derivative (I) was found to be active against Cryptococcus neoformans (IC₅₀ 5.0 μg/mL), Staphylococcus aureus (IC₅₀ 5.0 μg/mL), and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (IC₅₀ 5.0 μg/mL). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,1-Diisopropoxycyclohexane (cas: 1132-95-2Recommanded Product: 1,1-Diisopropoxycyclohexane).

1,1-Diisopropoxycyclohexane (cas: 1132-95-2) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Recommanded Product: 1,1-Diisopropoxycyclohexane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis and biological evaluation of indoles was written by Subba Rami Reddy, S. R.;Suryanarayana Rao, V.;Subba Narayana, Kanchana. And the article was included in Pharma Chemica in 2015.Related Products of 5367-32-8 This article mentions the following:

Objective of this research was to synthesize and characterize indole derivatives Indole nucleus has antimicrobial activities. Different kind of indole ring derivatives were synthesized such as 3-((E)-2-nitrovinyl)-1H-indole, 2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethanamine, N-(2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)benzamide, Me 2-(3-(2-(benzamido)ethyl)-1H-indol-1-yl)acetate, 2-(3-(2-(benzamido)ethyl)-1H-indol-1-yl)acetic acid, N-(2-(1-((2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-5-yl-carbamoyl)methyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)benzamide, e.g., I [R = 4-indanyl, 5-indanyl]. Antifungal activity of compounds I [R = 4-indanyl, 5-indanyl] were also studied. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8Related Products of 5367-32-8).

3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Related Products of 5367-32-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

The aprotic electrochemistry of quinones was written by Prince, Roger C.;Dutton, P. Leslie;Gunner, M. R.. And the article was included in Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Bioenergetics in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 605-94-7 This article mentions the following:

Quinones play important roles in biol. electron transfer reactions in almost all organisms, with specific roles in many physiol. processes and chemotherapy. Quinones participate in two-electron, two-proton reactions in aqueous solution at equilibrium near neutral pH, but protons often lag behind the electron transfers. The relevant reactions in proteins are often sequential one electron redox processes without involving protons. Here author report the aprotic electrochem. of the two half-couples, Q/Q.- and Q.-/Q=, of 11 parent quinones and 118 substituted 1,4-benzoquinones, 91 1,4-naphthoquinones, and 107 9,10-anthraquinones. The measured redox potentials are fit quite well with the Hammett para sigma (σpara) parameter. Occasional exceptions can involve important groups, such as methoxy substituents in ubiquinone and hydroxy substituents in therapeutics. These can generally be explained by reasonable conjectures involving steric clashes and internal hydrogen bonds. Author also provide data for 25 other quinones, 2 double quinones and 15 non-quinones, all measured under similar conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7HPLC of Formula: 605-94-7).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.HPLC of Formula: 605-94-7

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Copper(II) complexes supported by 8-hydroxyquinoline-imine ligands: Synthesis, characterization and catalysis in aerobic alcohols oxidation was written by Gao, Tianye;Meng, Lizhen;Zeng, Guang;Hao, Zhiqiang;Han, Zhangang;Feng, Qi;Lin, Jin. And the article was included in Polyhedron in 2022.Electric Literature of C8H10O2 This article mentions the following:

Treatment of Cu(OAc)₂·4H₂O with 8-hydroxylquinoline-imine ligands [2-(ArN = H_c)-8-OH]C₉H₅N (Ar = 2,6-ⁱPr₂C₆H₃, L1H; Ar = 4-ClC₆H₄, L2H; Ar = 4-BrC₆H₄, L3H and Ar = 4-OMeC₆H₄, L4H) in refluxing EtOH gave the dual-ligand coordinated copper complexes [L₂Cu] (1a–1d) in good yields, resp. All the four Cu complexes were characterized by IR, EPR, elemental anal. and HR-MS. Furthermore, the mol. structures of 1a and 1d were further confirmed by x-ray crystallog. anal. These complexes displayed high catalytic activity and good selectivity for aerobic oxidation of primary and secondary alcs. in the presence of TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxyl) as the co-catalyst. The yields of desired aldehydes are decent (up to 84%) and the corresponding yields of ketones are at 78-91%. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Electric Literature of C8H10O2).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Electric Literature of C8H10O2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Modification of Poly(5,6-epoxy-L-norleucine) Gives Functional Polypeptides with Alternative Side-Chain Linkages was written by Perlin, Pesach;Scott, Wendell A.;Deming, Timothy J.. And the article was included in Biomacromolecules in 2020.HPLC of Formula: 111-77-3 This article mentions the following:

The preparation and characterization of a new epoxide containing polypeptide, poly(5,6-epoxy-L-norleucine), via postpolymn. modification of poly(L-homoallylglycine) is described. Addition of thiols to the epoxide groups in poly(5,6-epoxy-L-norleucine) was studied as a means to prepare side-chain functional polypeptides. The solution properties of the derivatized polypeptides were studied in water and compared to similar thioether containing functional polypeptides prepared via different routes. Subtle differences in side-chain linkage chem. were found to influence polypeptide solubility, chain conformation in solution, and thermoresponsive behavior. Poly(5,6-epoxy-L-norleucine) was found to be useful as a readily prepared intermediate that can be reacted with thiols to give a variety of functional polypeptides. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3HPLC of Formula: 111-77-3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.HPLC of Formula: 111-77-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

The difluoromethylthio moiety lowers the LCST of oligo(ethylene glycol)-based homopolymers was written by Liu, Haoyu;Ding, Aishun;Ma, Chen;Huang, Xiaoyu;Feng, Chun;Wang, Zhiqin;Wang, Zhaolei;Lu, Guolin. And the article was included in Polymer Chemistry in 2020.Application In Synthesis of 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol This article mentions the following:

A series of thermo-responsive homopolymers bearing difluoromethylthio and oligo(ethylene glycol) moieties in each repeat unit were firstly synthesized from newly synthesized acrylamide monomers, N-3-(difluoromethylthio)propyl-N-(3-methoxyl-(ethoxy)n-3-oxopropyl)acrylamide, i.e., DFTP-MEO_n-AM (n = 2-5). These new DFTP-MEO_n-AM monomers were prepared from a key amine intermediate bearing difluoromethylthio through aza-Michael addition reaction followed by amidation with acryloyl chloride. Well-defined poly(DFTP-MEO_n-AM) homopolymers obtained via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization exhibited good temperature-responsive properties. The LCSTs of poly(DFTP-MEO_n-AM) homopolymers are ~35°C lower than those of corresponding poly(Bu-MEO_n-AM) homopolymers without fluorine, which demonstrated that introduction of difluoromethylthio moiety could effectively lower LCST of related polymers. LCSTs of poly(DFTP-MEO₄-AM) homopolymers were also affected by isotopic solvent, polymer concentration, salt, urea, etc. Temperature-variable ¹H NMR anal. indicated that difluoromethylthio moiety could affect the dehydration process of poly(DFTP-MEO₄-AM) homopolymer above LCST. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Application In Synthesis of 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Application In Synthesis of 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Polymer-assisted solution-phase synthesis under combined ultrasound and microwave irradiation. Preparation of α,β-unsaturated esters and carboxylic acids, key intermediates of novel sigma ligands was written by Rossi, D.;Urbano, M.;Baraglia, A. Carnevale;Serra, M.;Bergamelli, F.;Iannelli, M.;Azzolina, O.;Collina, S.. And the article was included in Synthetic Communications in 2009.Recommanded Product: 6972-61-8 This article mentions the following:

The optimal conditions to prepare α,β-unsaturated Me esters via Wittig reaction combining polymer-assisted solution-phase synthesis (PASPS) methodol. and simultaneous ultrasound and microwave irradiation were established. The effects of temperature, solvent, and irradiation time were discussed. Results clearly indicated the superiority of combined ultrasound and microwave-assisted procedure over microwave-assisted methodol. Moreover, an efficient PASPS procedure to prepare α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids via tandem Wittig olefination and hydrolysis reaction was developed under combined ultrasound and microwave irradiation Generally, a good conversion of aldehydes to acids was observed The optimized protocols allowed us to quickly prepare a small collection of either α,β-unsaturated esters or carboxylic acids, key intermediates for the drug-discovery process of new sigma ligands. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid (cas: 6972-61-8Recommanded Product: 6972-61-8).

3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid (cas: 6972-61-8) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Recommanded Product: 6972-61-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Semi-Reduction of Internal Alkynes with Prototypical Subnanometric Metal Surfaces: Bridging Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis with Trinuclear All-Metal Aromatics was written by Monfredini, Anna;Santacroce, Veronica;Marchio, Luciano;Maggi, Raimondo;Bigi, Franca;Maestri, Giovanni;Malacria, Max. And the article was included in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering in 2017.Name: 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne This article mentions the following:

Suitably delocalized metal-metal bonds can stabilize a particular class of discrete trinuclear complexes that are the transition-metal counterparts of carbon-based aromatics This chem. stability has pivoted the development of an advantageous catalytic method for the semiredn. of internal alkynes under transfer hydrogenation condition. The reaction does not require any addnl. solvent and a simple workup delivers pure products. This combines with broad functional group tolerance, complete cis-selectivity and catalytic charges down to 100 ppm on multigram scale. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8Name: 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne).

1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Name: 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Anti-angiogenic properties of coenzyme Q₀ through downregulation of MMP-9/NF-κB and upregulation of HO-1 signaling in TNF-α-activated human endothelial cells was written by Yang, Hsin-Ling;Korivi, Mallikarjuna;Lin, Ming-Wei;Chen, Ssu-Ching;Chou, Chih-Wei;Hseu, You-Cheng. And the article was included in Biochemical Pharmacology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) in 2015.SDS of cas: 605-94-7 This article mentions the following:

Various coenzyme Q (CoQ) analogs have been reported as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant substances. However, coenzyme Q₀ (CoQ₀, 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone), a novel quinone derivative, has not been well studied for its pharmacol. efficacies, and its response to cytokine stimulation remains unclear. Therefore, the authors investigated the potential anti-angiogenic properties of CoQ₀ in human endothelial (EA.hy 926) cells against tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) stimulation. The authors found that the non-cytotoxic concentrations of CoQ₀ (2.5-10 μM) significantly suppressed the TNF-α-induced migration/invasion and tube formation abilities of endothelial cells. CoQ₀ suppressed TNF-α-induced activity and protein expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and intercellular adhesion mol.-1 (ICAM-1) followed by an abridged adhesion of U937 leukocytes to endothelial cells. CoQ₀ treatment remarkably downregulated TNF-α-induced nuclear translocation and transcriptional activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) possibly through suppressed I-κBα degradation Furthermore, CoQ₀ triggered the expressions of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCLC), followed by an increased nuclear accumulation of NF-E2 related factor-2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) activity. In agreement with these, intracellular glutathione levels were significantly increased in CoQ₀ treated cells. More interestingly, knockdown of HO-1 gene by specific shRNA showed diminished anti-angiogenic effects of CoQ₀ against TNF-α-induced invasion, tube formation and adhesion of leukocyte to endothelial cells. The authors’ findings reveal that CoQ₀ protective effects against cytokine-stimulation are mediated through the suppression of MMP-9/NF-κB and/or activation of HO-1 signaling cascades. This novel finding emphasizes the pharmacol. efficacies of CoQ₀ to treat inflammation and angiogenesis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7SDS of cas: 605-94-7).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.SDS of cas: 605-94-7

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Identification of Acyl Protein Thioesterases 1 and 2 as the Cellular Targets of the Ras-Signaling Modulators Palmostatin B and M was written by Rusch, Marion;Zimmermann, Tobias J.;Buerger, Marco;Dekker, Frank J.;Goermer, Kristina;Triola, Gemma;Brockmeyer, Andreas;Janning, Petra;Boettcher, Thomas;Sieber, Stephan A.;Vetter, Ingrid R.;Hedberg, Christian;Waldmann, Herbert. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2011.Formula: C11H16O3 This article mentions the following:

Activity-based proteomic profiling probes based on the depalmitoylation inhibitors palmostatin B and M have been synthesized and were found to target acyl protein thioesterase 1 (APT1) and 2 (APT2) in cells. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3Formula: C11H16O3).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Formula: C11H16O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem