Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Derivatives of xanthates and aromatic nitro and amino compounds was written by Csuros, Zoltan;Rusznak, Istvan. And the article was included in Magyar Chemiai Folyoirat in 1944.Electric Literature of C8H9NO3 This article mentions the following:

Cellulose xanthate, dry or in solution, can be stabilized by salts of aromatic nitro sulfonic acids, e.g. m-O₂NC₆H₄SO₈H (I). The structure of the products was proved by model experiments with simple xanthates which gave crystalline derivatives Alkali salts (except K) of I, m-O₂NC₆H₄NH₂, PhNO₂, and m-O₂NC₆H₄NHAc, seem to be effective as stabilizers. The products are esters of PhNHCSOH formed according to the equation 4RNO₂ + 6R’OCS₂Na + 3H₂O = 4RNHCSOR’ (II) + 3Na₂S₂O₃ + CO₂ + CS₂ + 2R’OH. The following II were prepared Thiocarbanilates, PhNHCSOR (R’ given): Me (32.5% from MeOCS₂Na in 90% MeOH with PhNO₂), m. 97.5° (S 18.93, N 8.27, PhNH₂ 46.35-7.92%); Et (27.2% from EtOCS₂Na in 90% EtOH), m. 70° (S 18.1, N 7.68, PhNH₂ 45.55-7.00%); iso-Bu (35.7% from iso-BuOCS₂Na in 90% EtOH), m. 75° (S 15.0, N 6.6%). m-Sulfothiocarbanilates: Me (67.6% from MeOCS₂Na and m-O₂NC₆H₄SO₂Na (III) in MeOH), contained S 24.0, N 5.18%; Et (88.1%), m. 270-5° (S 22.10, N 4.85, PhNH₂ 27.2-8.9%); iso-Bu (58.8%), m. 243-5° (S 19.9, N 4.39%); glyceryl (34.5% from glycerol xanthate and III in aqueous EtOH 4 h. at 35° and 20 mm.), amorphous, m. 153-5° (S 19.31, N 4.31%). Cellulose xanthate (7%) diluted with water and treated with 5-10% AcOH, the liberated H₂S removed, and the solution treated with III 10 h. as above, gives a product (S 12.02, N 2.13, PhNH₂ 12.3-13.9%), identical with that obtained by Lilienfeld; the same compound was obtained by treating 7% cellulose xanthate with NaOH, centrifuging, mixing with III, treating with CS₂, again dissolving in NaOH, and precipitating with saturated NaCl solution Me m-acetamidothiocarbanilate, m. 168° (N 12.39, S 14.37%), was obtained in 69.3% yield from MeOCS₂Na and m-O₂NC₆H₄NHAc in 60% MeOH and AcOH heated 15 h. at 60°; Et ester (64.6%), m. 154° (N 11.61, S 13.64%). Me m-nitrothiocarbanilate (45% from MeOCS₂Na and m-O₂NC₆H₄NH₂ in 60% MeOH and a bit of solid KOH heated 50 h. on a water bath), m. 119° (S 15.0, N 13.16%); Et ester, m. 115° (S 14.24, N 12.22%). The methods proposed by Orndorff and Richmond [Am. Chem. J. 22, 458(1899)] and Hofmann [Ber. 2, 120 (1889)] were also tested. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8Electric Literature of C8H9NO3).

3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Electric Literature of C8H9NO3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Rapid Crosslinking of Epoxy Thermosets Induced by Solvate Ionic Liquids was written by Hameed, Nishar;Eyckens, Daniel J.;Long, Benjamin M.;Salim, Nisa V.;Capricho, Jaworski C.;Servinis, Linden;De Souza, Mandy;Perus, Magenta D.;Varley, Russell J.;Henderson, Luke C.. And the article was included in ACS Applied Polymer Materials in 2020.Quality Control of 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane This article mentions the following:

The high-volume manufacture of fiber-reinforced composites faces a huge challenge because long resin curing times put a low ceiling on the total output of parts produced per yr. To translate the benefits from using epoxy in large-volume production platforms, cure cycle times of less than 1 min must be achieved. In this work, we report solvate ionic liquids (SILs) as simple and efficient rapid curing catalytic additives in epoxy systems. Ultrafast curing was observed at low levels of 1-5% of SIL in epoxy resin, and the cure rate is enhanced up to 26-fold without compromising the mech. and thermal properties. Further investigations revealed that enhancement in the cure rate is dependent on the type of SILs employed, influenced by the metal center, the ligands around the metal, and the identity of the counter anion. The relative Lewis acidity of each of the active complexes was calculated, and the rapid cure effect was attributed to the activation of the epoxide moiety via the Lewis acidic nature of the SIL. Making epoxy thermosets rapidly processable enables enormous benefits, finding applications in a whole variety of transformation methods that exist for traditional glass and metals. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Quality Control of 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Quality Control of 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Borylation of Unactivated Aryl Chlorides under Mild Conditions by Using Diisopropylaminoborane as a Borylating Reagent was written by Guerrand, Helene D. S.;Marciasini, Ludovic D.;Jousseaume, Melissa;Vaultier, Michel;Pucheault, Mathieu. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2014.Related Products of 365564-07-4 This article mentions the following:

The synthesis of arylboronic ester derivatives from aryl chlorides by using aryl(amino)boranes is described. Palladium-catalyzed coupling between aryl chlorides and diisopropylaminoborane leads to the formation of a C-B bond under mild conditions. A wide range of functional groups are tolerated, making this method particularly useful for the borylation of functionalized aromatics In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4Related Products of 365564-07-4).

2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Related Products of 365564-07-4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis of symmetrical secondary oligoethylene glycolated amines from diethanolamine was written by Yang, Hao;Li, Yu;Lin, Ruoyun;Ouyang, Zhen;Han, Mingli;Zhu, Lijun;Chen, Shizhen;Zhou, Xin;Jiang, Zhong-Xing. And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2022.Formula: C5H12O3 This article mentions the following:

Monodisperse oligoethylene glycols (M-OEGs)-containing sym. secondary amines are highly valuable synthetic intermediates in drug development and materials sciences. Scalable three-step synthesis of M-OEGs secondary amines with flexible M-OEGs and/or alkyl chains is described herein. Through reduction amination of diethanolamine, Williamson ether synthesis, and subsequent deprotection, a series of M-OEGs secondary amines with diverse and fine-tunable chem. structures were conveniently prepared The presented strategy is attractive with readily available starting materials, simple catalytic systems, scalable synthesis, and avoids the use of explosive sodium azide. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Formula: C5H12O3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Formula: C5H12O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Isothermal Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium of the Absorption Working Pairs (HFC-32 + DMETrEG, HFC-32 + NMP) at Temperatures from 293.15 to 343.15 K was written by Fang, Yibo;Gao, Zanjun;Bao, Kangli;Huang, Jiongliang;Ji, Xiaosheng;Han, Xiaohong;Chen, Guangming. And the article was included in Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data in 2019.Application In Synthesis of 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane This article mentions the following:

The working pairs of HFCs + organic absorption solvents are commonly used in absorption systems. In this work, the vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data of HFC-32 + DMETrEG at (293.15-343.15) K and HFC-32 + NMP at (323.15-343.15) K were measured in a dual cycle apparatus The VLE data were correlated by Antione-type equation, NRTL, and PR + MHV1 + NRTL model, resp. The predicted VLE data showed a good agreement with the exptl. VLE data. NRTL model was recommended to predict the VLE data and characteristic of solution for HFC-32 + DMETrEG and HFC-32 + NMP, compared to PR + MHV1 + NRTL model. The comparison of VLE characteristics for five binary mixtures (HFC-32 + DMETrEG, HFC-32 + NMP, HFC-32 + DMF, HFC-32 + DMAC, and HFC-32 + DMEDEG) was carried out. The system pressures of HFC-32 + DMETrEG and HFC-32 + NMP were lower than other three mixtures, and the neg. deviations from Raoult’s law of HFC-32 + DMETrEG and HFC-32 + NMP were larger than the others, which indicated that the two mixtures were more suitable as the working fluids for absorption system. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Application In Synthesis of 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Application In Synthesis of 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Alkali metal ion sensing using absorbance changes based on aggregation of silica nanoparticles modified chemically with crown ethers was written by Nakahara, Yoshio;Hayashi, Takafumi;Kawa, Haruna;Kimura, Keiichi. And the article was included in Chemistry Letters in 2011.HPLC of Formula: 66943-05-3 This article mentions the following:

Crown-ether-modified SiO₂ nanoparticles (Crown-SNPs) were prepared by simple chem. modifications of SiO₂ nanoparticles. The organic moiety introduced into SiO₂ nanoparticles was characterized by solid-state ¹³C NMR and elemental anal. No morphol. damage of SiO₂ nanoparticles was recognized according to SEM observation. When an alkali metal salt was added to a solution containing crown-SNPs, the absorbance changes, whose extent was dependent on the kind and the concentration of a metal ion, were observed In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3HPLC of Formula: 66943-05-3).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.HPLC of Formula: 66943-05-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Rational design, synthesis and biological evaluation of ubiquinone derivatives as IDO1 inhibitors was written by Ding, Yuyang;Tang, Fei;Xue, Xiaoqian;Luo, Jinfeng;Hussain, Muzammal;Huang, Yanhui;Wang, Zhen;Jiang, Hao;Tu, Zhengchao;Zhang, Jiancun. And the article was included in Bioorganic Chemistry in 2019.Related Products of 605-94-7 This article mentions the following:

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer, chronic viral infections and neurol. disorders characterized by pathol. immune stimulation. Herein, a series of known metal-chelating ubiquinone derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for the IDO1 inhibiting activities. The docking studies showed that the compounds I (R = Me or H, R¹ = Ph, 3-MeC₆H₅, 3-OMeC₆H₅, etc.) and coenzyme-Q1 exhibited different binding modes to IDO1 protein. Among these compounds, the most active compound is I (R = H, R¹ = 3-BrC₆H₅) with an IC₅₀ of 0.13 μM in enzymic assay. The results reveal that a possible halogen bonding interaction between the bromine atom (3-Br) and Cys129 significantly enhances the inhibition activity against IDO1. This study provides structural insights of the interactions between ubiquinone analogs and IDO1 protein for the further modification and optimization. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7Related Products of 605-94-7).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Related Products of 605-94-7

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Experimental and theoretical studies on the pyrolysis mechanism of β-1-type lignin dimer model compound was written by Jiang, Xiao-Yan;Lu, Qiang;Ye, Xiao-Ning;Hu, Bin;Dong, Chang-Qing. And the article was included in BioResources in 2016.Recommanded Product: 3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde This article mentions the following:

A β-1-type lignin dimer, 1,2-bis(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propane-1,3-diol was employed as a model compound in this study. The pyrolysis mechanisms and formation pathways of the pyrolytic products were investigated by using d. functional theory (DFT) calculations and anal. pyrolysis-gas chromatog./mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). Four possible initial pyrolysis mechanisms were proposed, including the C_α-C_β homolysis mechanism and three concerted decomposition mechanisms (1, 2, and 3). Results indicated that the lignin dimer decomposed via two concerted decomposition mechanisms, forming 3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde, 1,3-dimethoxy-5-vinylbenzene, 3-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde, and 3-methoxybenzaldehyde. 3,5-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde was the major product, accounting for greater than 50% of all pyrolytic products. In addition to the two concerted decomposition mechanisms, C_α-C_β homolysis was a secondary pyrolysis mechanism during the lignin dimer pyrolysis process, and the pyrolytic products included 3,5-dimethoxybenzyl alc., 3,5-dimethoxyphenethyl alc., 1,3-dimethoxybenzene, and 1,3-dimethoxy-5-methylbenzene. A third concerted decomposition mechanism was judged to be the least likely pathway to occur because of the high activation energy requirement. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 57179-35-8Recommanded Product: 3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde).

3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 57179-35-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Recommanded Product: 3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Toward practical issues: Identification and mitigation of the impurity effect in glyme solvents on the reversibility of Mg plating/stripping in Mg batteries was written by Yang, Zhenzhen;Yang, Mengxi;Hahn, Nathan T.;Connell, Justin;Bloom, Ira;Liao, Chen;Ingram, Brian J.;Trahey, Lynn. And the article was included in Frontiers in Chemistry (Lausanne, Switzerland) in 2022.Quality Control of 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane This article mentions the following:

Reversible electrochem. magnesium plating/stripping processes are important for the development of high-energy-d. Mg batteries based on Mg anodes. Ether glyme solutions such as monoglyme (G1), diglyme (G2), and triglyme (G3) with the MgTFSI2 salt are one of the conventional and commonly used electrolytes that can obtain the reversible behavior of Mg electrodes. However, the electrolyte cathodic efficiency is argued to be limited due to the enormous parasitic reductive decomposition and passivation, which is governed by impurities. In this work, a systematic identification of the impurities in these systems and their effect on the Mg deposition-dissolution processes is reported. The mitigation methods generally used for eliminating impurities are evaluated, and their beneficial effects on the improved reactivity are also discussed. By comparing the performances, we proposed a necessary conditioning protocol that can be easy to handle and much safer toward the practical application of MgTFSI2/glyme electrolytes containing impurities. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Quality Control of 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Quality Control of 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

1,2,3-Benzotrianzin-4-ones and related systems. II. Thermolytic decomposition of substituted 1,2,3-benzotriazin-4-ones and isatoic anhydrides was written by Archer, John G.;Barker, Alan J.;Smalley, Robert K.. And the article was included in Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1: Organic and Bio-Organic Chemistry (1972-1999) in 1973.HPLC of Formula: 5367-32-8 This article mentions the following:

Thermolysis of substituted 1,2,3-benzotriazin-4-ones gave 2-(2-amino- phenyl)-3,1-benzoxazin-4-ones. Thus, 7-chloro-1,2,3-benzotriazin-4-one (I) gave 2-(2-amino-4-chloro- phenyl)-7-chloro-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one (II). Substituted isatoic anhydrides behaved similarly. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8HPLC of Formula: 5367-32-8).

3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.HPLC of Formula: 5367-32-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem