Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Nanoliter-scale, regenerable ion sensor: sensing with a surface functionalized microstructured optical fiber was written by Heng, Sabrina;Nguyen, Mai-Chi;Kostecki, Roman;Monro, Tanya M.;Abell, Andrew D.. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2013.Application In Synthesis of 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane This article mentions the following:

The 1st nanoliter-scale regenerable ion sensor based on a microstructured optical fiber (MOF) is reported. The air holes of the MOF are functionalized with a monoazacrown bearing spiropyran to give a switchable sensor that detects lithium ions down to 100 nM in nanoliter-scale volumes Ion binding is turned on and off on upon irradiation with light, with the sensor being unaffected by multiple rounds of photoswitching. Unbound ions are flushed from the fiber in the off’ state to allow the sensor to be reused. The integration of an ionophore into the sensor paves the way for the development of highly specific light-based sensing platforms that are readily adaptable to sense a particular ion simply by altering the ionophore design. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Application In Synthesis of 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Application In Synthesis of 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Cobalt-Catalyzed Formal [4+2] Cycloaddition of α,α’-Dichloro-ortho-Xylenes with Alkynes was written by Komeyama, Kimihiro;Okamoto, Yuji;Takaki, Ken. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2014.Electric Literature of C6H10O2 This article mentions the following:

A formal [4+2] cycloaddition of α,α’-dichloro-ortho-xylenes with various alkynes has been developed using a low-valent cobalt catalyst. The transformation has a wide substrate scope and high functional-group tolerance and led to 1,4-dihydronaphthalenes. The formed cycloadducts were easily aromatized with MnO₂ under air. A mechanistic investigation suggests that the transformation proceeds through a benzyl cobaltation of alkyne, not the classical Diels-Alder reaction of ortho-quinodimethanes. This methodol. provides a straightforward and streamlined access to linearly expanded π-conjugated aromatics In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8Electric Literature of C6H10O2).

1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Electric Literature of C6H10O2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

A reusable MOF supported single-site nickel-catalyzed direct N-alkylation of anilines with alcohols was written by Lu, Yuanyuan;Chai, Huining;Yu, Kun;Huang, Chaonan;Li, Yujie;Wang, Jinyu;Ma, Jiping;Tan, Weiqiang;Zhang, Guangyao. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2022.Electric Literature of C8H10O2 This article mentions the following:

A highly selective and reusable Ni(II)-bipyridine-based metal-organic framework (MOF) catalyst was designed for direct N-alkylation of amines with alcs. through a borrowing hydrogen (BH) strategy. This earth-abundant metal-based metal-organic framework catalyst significantly outperforms its homogeneous analogs and is reusable for at least up to 4 cycles without significant decrease in the yield of the target product. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Electric Literature of C8H10O2).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Electric Literature of C8H10O2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Sequential Ir/Cu-Mediated Method for the Meta-Selective C-H Radiofluorination of (Hetero)Arenes was written by Wright, Jay S.;Sharninghausen, Liam S.;Preshlock, Sean;Brooks, Allen F.;Sanford, Melanie S.;Scott, Peter J. H.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2021.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

This article describes a sequential Ir/Cu-mediated process for the meta-selective C-H radiofluorination of (hetero)arene substrates. In the first step, Ir-catalyzed C(sp²)-H borylation affords (hetero)aryl pinacolboronate (BPin) esters. The intermediate organoboronates are then directly subjected to copper-mediated radiofluorination with [¹⁸F]tetrabutylammonium fluoride to afford fluorine-18 labeled (hetero)arenes in high radiochem. yield and radiochem. purity. This entire process is performed on a bench top without Schlenk or glove box techniques and circumvents the need to isolate (hetero)aryl boronate esters. The reaction was automated on a TracerLab FX_FN module with 1,3-dimethoxybenzene and a meta-tyrosine derivative The products, [¹⁸F]1-fluoro-3,5-dimethoxybenzene and an ¹⁸F-labeled meta-tyrosine derivative, were obtained in 37 ± 5% isolated radiochem. yield and >99% radiochem. purity and 25% isolated radiochem. yield and 99% radiochem. purity, and 0.52 Ci/μmol (19.24 GBq/μmol) molar activity (A_m), resp. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

A strategy for effective recovery of salvianolic acid a from Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen) through multiple interactions was written by Qian, Jun;Xu, Xiaoqian;Su, Jiajia;Zeng, Weihuan;Han, Bing;Hao, Xiaolong;Kai, Guoyin. And the article was included in Composites, Part B: Engineering in 2022.Computed Properties of C14H15BO4 This article mentions the following:

Salvianolic acid A (SAA) has high pharmacol. activity and is widely used in the treatment of various diseases. We reported herein a strategy for effective adsorption of SAA from aqueous solution by surface molecularly imprinted magnetic nanoparticle (SIMNP). 4-(acryloyloxy)phenylboronic acid, 1-vinylimidazole and methacrylamido Pr tri-Me ammonium chloride were chosen as functional monomers. 1-vinylimidazole not only neutralizes the acidity of SAA solution to help phenylboronic acid react with ortho-phenolic hydroxyl groups of SAA quickly and stably, but also captures SAA through electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bond. Besides, the introduction of pos. charged methacrylamido Pr tri-Me ammonium chloride can accelerate the adsorption kinetics. Adsorption kinetically follows a pseudo-second-order model and achieves equilibrium within 10 min at 298.15 K with high selectivity. And the maximum adsorption capacity can be determined to be 1117.6 mg/g by Langmuir adsorption model. Adsorption mechanism involves the formation of covalent bond, electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bond. This work indicates that SIMNP is a promising adsorbent to realize effective capture of SAA from aqueous solution In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-((4-Methoxybenzyl)oxy)phenyl)boronic acid (cas: 156635-90-4Computed Properties of C14H15BO4).

(4-((4-Methoxybenzyl)oxy)phenyl)boronic acid (cas: 156635-90-4) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Computed Properties of C14H15BO4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Researches concerning nitrofluoroaromatic compounds. Nitration of m-fluorotoluene was written by Ostaszynski, Abram. And the article was included in Bull. soc. sci. et lettres lódź, Classe III in 1952.COA of Formula: C8H9NO3 This article mentions the following:

The directive effect of F and Me in m-FC₆H₄Me (I) was determined upon entering NO₂ groups. The reactivity of the F in the nitro derivatives was also determined I (1 part) and 4 parts concentrated HNO₃ (d. 1.51) react, at less than -3°, to give mono- and 25-35% dinitro derivatives Similarly, 20% dinitro derivatives resulted from the reaction of 1 mole of I and a mixture of 1 mole of HNO₃ (d. 1.49) and 2 moles of H₂SO₄ (d. 1.84). AcONO₂ (2.4 moles) and 1 mole of I react in HOAc at less than -7° to give 97.4% of 2 isomeric mono derivatives 3,6-F(O₂N)C₆H₃Me (II), m. 24.6-4.8°, b₃ 78.5-9.5°, b₇₇₅ 215.9-16°, d₂₅ 1.2760, n_α²⁵ 1.51809, n_D²⁵ 1.52398, n_β²⁵ 1.54006, and 3,4-F(O₂N)C₆H₃Me (III), m. 53-3.2°, b₃ 97-8°. The dinitro compound, 3,4,6-F(O₂N)₂C₆H₂Me (IV), m. 78-8.5°, b_0.5 129-30.5°, forms yellow prisms. II reacts with alc. NaOMe to give 3,6-MeO(O₂N)C₆H₃Me (V). V and NH₃ give, on heating, 3,6-H₂N(O₂N)C₆H₃Me, m. 134°. III and alc. NH₃ gives 3,4-H₂N(O₂N)C₆H₃Me. IV was treated with NaOMe and NaOEt to give the corresponding alkoxy derivatives, and these with NH₃ to give 3,4,6-H₂N(O₂N)₂C₆H₂Me, m. 195°. Reduction of II and III with Fe-HCl gave 3,6-F(H₂N)C₆H₃Me (VI), m. 14.1-14.2°, b₃ 64°, d₁₈ 1.1263, n_α¹⁸ 1.53080, n_α¹⁸ 1.53627, n_β¹⁸ 1.55087 (Ac derivative, white needles, m. 113.2°, water solubility 7.31 g./l. at 20° and 35.2 g./l. at b.p.); and 3,4-F(H₂N)C₆H₃Me (VII), m. 3.2-3.5°, b₇ 70-1°, d₁₈ 1.1084, n_α¹⁸ 1.52694, n_α¹⁸ 1.53243, n_β¹⁸ 1.54700 (Ac derivative, yellow needles, m. 128.2-8.4°, water solubility 3.04 g./l. at 20° and 21.8 g./l. at b.p.). Nitration of VI gave 3,4,6-F(O₂N)(H₂N)C₆H₂Me, red needles, m. 96-7°. The rate (K) of reaction of the F in III with NaOMe is twice that of II and K_t+10°/K_t = 3. IV reacts so rapidly that no rate was determined. The nitration of I with AcONO₂ gives 79.2% II and 20.8% III, while the nitration of PhMe gives 58% ortho, 38.1% para, and 3.9% meta derivatives; and of PhF, 12% ortho, 87.4% para, and 0.2% meta derivatives, which indicates that F exerts a greater effect than the Me group upon a group entering the benzene ring. (Directing effect of F)/(directing effect of Me) is greater than 2. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8COA of Formula: C8H9NO3).

3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).COA of Formula: C8H9NO3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthetic analogs of Peganum alkaloids. 1. Synthesis of methoxy- and hydroxysubstituted desoxyvasicinones and desoxypeganines was written by Karimov, A.;Telezhenetskaya, M. V.;Yunusov, S. Yu.. And the article was included in Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii in 1982.Safety of 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole This article mentions the following:

Cyclocondensation of methoxyanthranilic acids with 2-pyrrolidinone in the presence of POCl₃ or SOCl₂ gave the methoxydeoxyvasicinones I (R = MeO; Z = O), which were treated with 47% HBr to give I (R = HO; Z = O). Zn reduction of I (Z = O) gave deoxypeganines I (Z = H₂). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8Safety of 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole).

3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Safety of 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Diels-Alder Reactions for the Construction of Cyclopropylarenes was written by Arndt, Marion;Hilt, Gerhard;Khlebnikov, Alexander F.;Kozhushkov, Sergei I.;de Meijere, Armin. And the article was included in European Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2012.Synthetic Route of C6H10O2 This article mentions the following:

The straightforward synthesis of new bicyclopropyl-substituted alkynes and 1,3-dienes and their application in cobalt-catalyzed Diels-Alder reactions are described. The cycloaddition processes generated the desired bicyclopropyl-substituted arene derivatives in moderate to good yields, depending on the steric congestion of the reaction partners. The regioselectivity of the cycloaddition was controlled by the ligand coordinated to the cobalt center. The cyclopropyl moiety remained unchanged over the course of the Diels-Alder reaction, indicating that no radical type intermediates were formed. Only in a single case did the DDQ oxidation of the primarily formed dihydroarom. product lead to ring opening of a cyclopropyl subunit. In all of the other cases, cyclopropyl-modified arenes with various functionalities were obtained. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8Synthetic Route of C6H10O2).

1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Synthetic Route of C6H10O2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Highly selective photocatalytic oxidation of alcohols under the application of novel metal organic frameworks (MOFs) based catalytic system was written by Wei, Xiu-Zhi;Wondu Dagnaw, Fentahun;Liu, Jianguo;Ma, Longlong. And the article was included in Journal of Colloid and Interface Science in 2023.HPLC of Formula: 105-13-5 This article mentions the following:

Carboxylic acid is one of the most crucial and widely used organic chems. in daily human life activities. Hence preparation of this important chem. was performed under the application of the highly selective photo-catalysts through oxidation of alcs. to carboxylic acids. Herein, we have designed and disclosed a binary NH₂-MIL-125(Ti)/ NaBr) catalyst system to realize the effective transformation of alcs. into carboxylic acids under visible light irradiation Hence, derivatives of benzyl alc. containing either electron withdrawing and donating groups as well as aliphatic primary alcs. were effectively converted into the corresponding carboxylic acids. Based on our findings, NH₂-MIL-125(Ti) based photocatalytic system has shown efficient and highly selective activities for oxidation of alc. especially the in-situ conversion of co-catalyst NaBr into the corresponding free radical can enhance the alc. oxidation performance of the catalytic system. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5HPLC of Formula: 105-13-5).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).HPLC of Formula: 105-13-5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

A spiropyran with enhanced fluorescence: A bright, photostable and red-emitting calcium sensor was written by Sylvia, Georgina M.;Heng, Sabrina;Bachhuka, Akash;Ebendorff-Heidepriem, Heike;Abell, Andrew D.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2018.COA of Formula: C10H21NO4 This article mentions the following:

A rationally designed, pyrene-spiropyran hybrid Ca²⁺ sensor 1′,3′-dihydro-3′,3′-dimethyl-6-nitro-1′-(2-pyrenylmethyl)-8-(1,4,7,10-tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadec-13-ylmethyl)spiro[2H-1-benzopyran-2,2′-[2H]indole], Py-1 (I), with enhanced fluorescence intensity compared to a standalone spiropyran analog is presented. Importantly, I retains the characteristic red emission profile of the spiropyran, while fiber-based photostability studies show the sensor is stable after multiple cycles of photoswitching, without any sign of photodegradation Such properties are of real advantage for cell-based sensing applications. An interesting observation is that, I presents with two excitation options; direct green excitation (532 nm) of the photoswitch for a red emission, and UV excitation (344 nm) of the component pyrene, which gives rise to distinct blue and red emissions. This proof-of-concept hybrid sensing system presents as a more general approach to brighter spiropyran-based sensors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3COA of Formula: C10H21NO4).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.COA of Formula: C10H21NO4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem