Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Machine learning-based prediction of toxicity of organic compounds towards fathead minnow was written by Chen, Xingmei;Dang, Limin;Yang, Hai;Huang, Xianwei;Yu, Xinliang. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2020.Safety of 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol This article mentions the following:

Predicting the acute toxicity of a large dataset of diverse chems. against fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) is challenging. In this paper, 963 organic compounds with acute toxicity towards fathead minnows were split into a training set (482 compounds) and a test set (481 compounds) with an approx. ratio of 1 : 1. Only six mol. descriptors were used to establish the quant. structure-activity/toxicity relationship (QSAR/QSTR) model for 96 h pLC₅₀ through a support vector machine (SVM) along with genetic algorithm. The optimal SVM model (R² = 0.756) was verified using both internal (leave-one-out cross-validation) and external validations. The validation results (q_int² = 0.699 and q_ext² = 0.744) were satisfactory in predicting acute toxicity in fathead minnows compared with other models reported in the literature, although our SVM model has only six mol. descriptors and a large data set for the test set consisting of 481 compounds In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Safety of 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Safety of 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Accurate and simple method for simultaneous determination of restricted ethylene glycol ethers and esters in leather by GC-MS was written by Ma, He-Wei;Luo, Jian-Xun. And the article was included in Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemists in 2021.Reference of 112-49-2 This article mentions the following:

An anal. approach was developed for the simultaneous determination of the eight ethylene glycol ethers (EGEs) and esters (EGEEs) prohibited by European Union (EU) REACH regulation in leather samples. The analytes were extracted using methanol with ultrasonic assistance within 30 min. The extracts were cleaned up by passing the extraction solution through a cartridge containing alumina-N frits, and the eluate was injected into GC-MS which was fitted with a 60m length capillary DB-WAX column. Excellent separation of the eight EGEs/EGEEs was achieved by the capillary column within 25 min. The clean-up with Alumina-N cartridge presented desired efficiency for removing the co-extractives in the extracts The major advantages of this method are the simplicity and accuracy. Limitation of the detection, linear range, and reproducibility of the method were evaluated. Average recoveries in the range of 91.7%-102.5% (RSD, ≤6.1%) with detection limits at 3.0-9.4mg/kg for the eight targets were obtained. Anal. results showed that ethylene glycol di-Me ether (EGDME), ethylene glycol Et ether (EGEE), and diethylene glycol di-Me ether (DEGDME), were found in 22% of 95 leather samples at the concentration range of 35-82mg/kg, 12-285mg/kg and 28-66mg/kg, resp., while the other five EGEs/EGEEs were not detected. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Reference of 112-49-2).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Reference of 112-49-2

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Convergent reductive depolymerization of wood lignin to isolated phenol derivatives by metal-free catalytic hydrosilylation was written by Feghali, Elias;Carrot, Geraldine;Thuery, Pierre;Genre, Caroline;Cantat, Thibault. And the article was included in Energy & Environmental Science in 2015.COA of Formula: C11H16O3 This article mentions the following:

The first examples of reductive depolymerization of lignin are reported under metal-free conditions. Using hydrosilanes as reductants and B(C₆F₅)₃ as a Lewis acid catalyst, wood lignin is efficiently converted to a narrow distribution of phenol derivatives at room temperature A three-step methodol. based on the selection of the wood species and the lignin extraction method followed by a convergent reductive depolymerization enables the production of four structurally defined aromatic compounds The phenol products were successfully isolated in 7-24 wt% yield from lignin and 0.5-2.4 wt% yield from wood. The strategy is found to be robust and is applied to 15 different wood plants, including gymnosperm and angiosperm species. The efficiency of this novel methodol. has been evaluated based on spectroscopic characterization of the lignin preparations and isolated yields of mono-aromatic products. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3COA of Formula: C11H16O3).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.COA of Formula: C11H16O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

A general method for the synthesis of isatins: preparation of regiospecifically functionalized isatins from anilines was written by Hewawasam, Plyasena;Meanwell, Nicholas A.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 1994.Related Products of 56619-93-3 This article mentions the following:

A new method has been developed for regiospecific conversion of substituted anilines to isatins. The method utilizes the reaction of an ortho-lithiated, protected aniline derivative with di-Et oxalate to furnish an α-ketoester. Hydrolytic deprotection of the amino moiety is accompanied by cyclization to provide the isatin. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)pivalamide (cas: 56619-93-3Related Products of 56619-93-3).

N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)pivalamide (cas: 56619-93-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Related Products of 56619-93-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

The asarone-derived phenylpropanoids from the rhizome of Acorus calamus var. angustatus Besser was written by Bai, Yajun;Sun, Ying;Xie, Jing;Li, Bin;Bai, Yujun;Zhang, Dongxu;Liang, Jing;Xiao, Chaoni;Zhong, Aiguo;Cao, Yanjun;Zheng, Xiaohui. And the article was included in Phytochemistry (Elsevier) in 2020.Application In Synthesis of 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

Phenylpropanoids comprise a broad spectrum of biol. active natural products. As part of our ongoing research on antiepileptic active compounds from traditional Chinese herb, Acorus calamus var. angustatus Besser, three undescribed phenylpropanoids and twenty-two known ones were isolated. All the undescribed structures were determined by a combination of 1D and 2D NMR, HRMS. In addition, γ-asaronol was identified as racemates and its absolute configuration were determined by the modified Mosher′s method and ECD spectral data. Furthermore, some selected isolated compounds were evaluated for their cell viability and neuroprotective activities in H₂O₂-induced SH-SY5Y cells. α-Asaronol, β-asaronol, 3-(2,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol and 1,2,4-trimethoxy-5-(3-methoxypropyl)benzene exerted potential protective activity from neuronal oxidative stress in all test concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 100 μM, in which the neuroprotective activity of β-asaronol was the best. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3Application In Synthesis of 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Application In Synthesis of 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Ruthenium(III)-catalyzed oxidation of phenoxyacetic acids by aqueous phenyliodoso acetate was written by Gurumurthy, R.;Karunakaran, K.;Sathiyanarayanan, K.. And the article was included in Oxidation Communications in 1993.Formula: C9H10O4 This article mentions the following:

The kinetics of oxidation of phenoxyacetic acid and its derivatives (19 compounds) by phenyliodoso acetate has been studied in 60% (volume/volume) aqueous acetic acid. The reaction is first order with respect to both phenoxyacetic acid and phenyliodoso acetate and is catalyzed by hydrogen ions. Catalysis by Ru(III) is observed A Hammett ρ value of -2.62 at 35° indicates an electron-deficient transition state. The oxidation rates of ortho-substituted compounds have been analyzed by applying Taft’s steric energy parameters. A suitable mechanism has been proposed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4Formula: C9H10O4).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Formula: C9H10O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Photocatalytic pollutant removal in water at room temperature: case study of the total degradation of the insecticide fenitrothion (phosphorothioic acid O,O-dimethyl-O- (3-methyl-4-nitro-phenyl) ester) was written by Kerzhentsev, Mikhail;Guillard, Chantal;Herrmann, Jean-Marie;Pichat, Pierre. And the article was included in Catalysis Today in 1996.Application In Synthesis of 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole This article mentions the following:

The photocatalytic purification of water containing fenitrothion was performed in TiO₂ aqueous suspensions. Mineralization into CO₂, H₂PO₄^–, SO₄^2-, NO₃^– was achieved. Several intermediates were identified by HPLC and gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry. They illustrate the transformation of P:S into P:0, the splitting between the P part and the aromatic moiety, and the transfer of Me or methoxy groups. Formate ions, principally produced from the CH₃O and CH₃ groups, and acetate ions were also detected as intermediate products. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8Application In Synthesis of 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole).

3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Application In Synthesis of 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

New access to indoles by ylide-amide condensation was written by Le Corre, M.;Hercouet, A.;Le Stanc, Y.;Le Baron, H.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 1985.Related Products of 5367-32-8 This article mentions the following:

o-Acylaminobenzylidenephosphoranes lead to indoles in good yield by an intramol. Wittig reaction with the amide carbonyl group. Mechanistic aspects are discussed. A general method is described for the synthesis of indoles from o-nitrobenzyl bromides and o-aminobenzyl alcs. Thus, o-AcNHC₆H₄CH₂PPh₃, prepared in 3 steps from 2-O₂NC₆H₄Me, was treated with base to give the indole I in 96% yield. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8Related Products of 5367-32-8).

3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Related Products of 5367-32-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Crowned spiropyran fluoroionophores with a carboxyl moiety for the selective detection of lithium ions was written by Stubing, D. B.;Heng, S.;Abell, A. D.. And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2016.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

The absorbance and fluorescence spectra of carboxylated spiropyrans containing methyl-1-aza-12-crown-4, methyl-1-aza-15-crown-5, methyl-1-aza-18-crown-6 moieties are compared. Characteristic changes in spectra after addition of the alkali metal salts of Li⁺, Na⁺, K⁺ and Cs⁺ were observed Chromism induced by the binding of the metal cations was observed as an increase in absorbance and fluorescence. Of these metal cations, the Li⁺ ion produced the largest change in all three spiropyran systems. Reversible photoswitching of the spiropyran-metal complexes was observed on irradiation with alternating 352 nm UV and white light. This results in reversible fluorescence based sensing of lithium ions with potential for use in a biol. sensor device. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Radical addition of silanes to alkenes followed by oxidation was written by Palframan, Matthew J.;Parsons, Andrew F.;Johnson, Paul. And the article was included in Synlett in 2011.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Phenyldimethylsilane and trichlorosilane are shown to undergo efficient radical hydrosilylation reactions, on reaction with various alkenes, using triethylborane as the initiator. Adducts from the trichlorosilane reactions can be oxidized to afford alcs. in good yields. This two-step process leads to the anti-Markovnikov hydration of alkenes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem