Ethers-buliding-blocks

Transition-Metal-Free ipso-Trifluoromethylthiolation of Lithium Aryl Boronates was written by Shen, Feng;Zheng, Hanliang;Xue, Xiao-Song;Lu, Long;Shen, Qilong. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2019.SDS of cas: 365564-07-4 This article mentions the following:

A transition-metal-free direct trifluoromethylthiolation of the ipso-carbon of lithium aryl boronates with trifluoromethanesulfenate under mild conditions was described. In addition, late-stage site-selective C-H borylation/trifluoromethylation and C-Cl borylation/trifluoromethylthiolation of biol. active mols. was developed. Initial mechanistic study suggested that the Li⁺ cation plays a vital role by coordinating to the oxygen atom of an aryl boronate complex and the oxygen of the reagent, thus allowing the aryl group to directly attack the trifluoromethylthio group of the trifluoromethylthiolating reagent. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4SDS of cas: 365564-07-4).

2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.SDS of cas: 365564-07-4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Active compounds from a diverse library of triazolothiadiazole and triazolothiadiazine scaffolds: Synthesis, crystal structure determination, cytotoxicity, cholinesterase inhibitory activity, and binding mode analysis was written by Khan, Imtiaz;Ibrar, Aliya;Zaib, Sumera;Ahmad, Sarfraz;Furtmann, Norbert;Hameed, Shahid;Simpson, Jim;Bajorath, Jurgen;Iqbal, Jamshed. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry in 2014.Product Details of 1877-75-4 This article mentions the following:

In an effort to identify novel cholinesterase candidates for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a diverse array of potentially bioactive compounds including triazolothiadiazoles and triazolothiadiazines was obtained in good yields through the cyclocondensation reaction of 4-amino-5-(pyridin-3-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol with various substituted aryl/heteroaryl/aryloxy acids and phenacyl bromides, resp. The structures of the newly prepared compounds were confirmed by IR, ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy and, in case of 4a, by single crystal X-ray diffraction anal. The purity of the synthesized compounds was ascertained by elemental anal. The newly synthesized conjugated heterocycles were screened for cholinesterase inhibitory activity against elec. eel acetylcholinesterase (EeAChE) and horse serum butyrylcholinesterase (hBChE). Among the evaluated hybrids, several compounds were identified as potent inhibitors. Two triazolothiadiazoles were most active with an IC₅₀ value of 3.09 ± 0.154 and 11.3 ± 0.267 μM, resp., against acetylcholinesterase, whereas three compounds were most potent against butyrylcholinesterase, with an IC₅₀ of 0.585 ± 0.154, 0.781 ± 0.213, and 1.09 ± 0.156 μM, resp., compared to neostigmine and donepezil as standard drugs. The synthesized heteroaromatic compounds were also tested for their cytotoxic potential against lung carcinoma (H157) and vero cell lines. One compound exhibited highest antiproliferative activity against H157 cell lines, with IC₅₀ value of 0.96 ± 0.43 μM at 1 mM concentration as compared to vincristine (IC₅₀ = 1.03 ± 0.04 μM), standard drug used in this study. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4Product Details of 1877-75-4).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Product Details of 1877-75-4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis and properties of coumarin derivatives and their terbium complexes was written by Meng, Defen;Xu, De;Li, Dong;Dai, Ming;Li, Guizhi;Guo, Dongcai. And the article was included in Research on Chemical Intermediates in 2016.Formula: C9H10O4 This article mentions the following:

A series of coumarin derivatives obtained from salicylaldehyde and phenol were synthesized. Their corresponding terbium complexes were prepared and characterized by elemental anal., EDTA titrations, molar conductivity, UV-visible spectra, IR spectra, and thermal anal. The luminescent properties and electrochem. properties of the terbium complexes were also investigated. All the terbium complexes exhibited characteristic emissions of terbium ions. The introduction of electron-donating groups can improve the luminescent properties, decrease the HOM: O and LUMO energy levels of the terbium complex, while electron-withdrawing groups can weaken the luminescent properties, and increase the HOMO and LUMO energy levels of terbium complex. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4Formula: C9H10O4).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Formula: C9H10O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Design, synthesis and structure-bactericidal activity relationships of novel 9-oxime ketolides and reductive epimers of acylides was written by Tian, Jing-Chao;Han, Xu;Lv, Wei;Li, Ya-Xin;Wang, Hui;Fan, Bing-Zhi;Cushman, Mark;Liang, Jian-Hua. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2017.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Erythromycin was long viewed as a bacteriostatic agent. The erythromycin derivatives, 9-oxime ketolides have a species-specific bactericidal profile. Among them, the 3′-allyl version of the 9-oxime ketolide is bactericidal against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes. In contrast, the 2-fluoro analogs show bactericidal activities against S. pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Moraxella catarrhalis, while the 2-fluoro analogs are only bactericidal against S. pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. Reduction of the ketolides led to novel epi-acylides, the 3-O-epimers of the acylides. Alteration of linker length, 2-fluorination and incorporation of addnl. spacers at the 9-oxime or 6-OH did not restore the epi-acylides back to be as active as the acylide. Mol. docking suggested that epimerization at the 3-position reshapes the orientation of the 3-O-side chain and leads to considerably weaker binding with bacterial ribosomes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,1-Diisopropoxycyclohexane (cas: 1132-95-2Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

1,1-Diisopropoxycyclohexane (cas: 1132-95-2) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Ultrafast Trap State-Mediated Electron Transfer for Quantum Dot Redox Sensing was written by Harvie, Andrew J.;Smith, Charles T.;Ahumada-Lazo, Ruben;Jeuken, Lars J. C.;Califano, Marco;Bon, Robin S.;Hardman, Samantha J. O.;Binks, David J.;Critchley, Kevin. And the article was included in Journal of Physical Chemistry C in 2018.HPLC of Formula: 605-94-7 This article mentions the following:

Quantum dots (QDs) conjugated to electron acceptor ligands are useful as redox sensors in applications ranging from chem. detection to bioimaging. We aimed to improve effectiveness of these redox-sensing QD conjugates, which depends on the initial charge separation and on the competing mechanisms of recombination, including luminescence and electron transfer to the conjugated redox mols. In this study, ultrafast laser radiation measurements were used to study the excited state dynamics in CdTe/CdS core/shell QDs with quinone/quinol acceptor (Q2NS) ligands attached to the surface (up to 40 per QD). Detailed anal., along with computational simulation, physicochem., physicochem. of the system, showed multiple electron-transfer pathways and identified an ultrafast electron transfer from a surface electron trap state to the quinone ligands (2-8 ps). We propose that this leads to high, redox-dependent, quenching efficiencies (98.7% with an average of 10 quinone/quinols on the surface). As only low populations of redox ligands are required, the colloidal properties of the QD are preserved, which allows for further functionalization. These new insights into the excited state properties and ultrafast charge transfer have important implications for fields exploring charge extraction from quantum dots, which range from bioimaging to solar energy technol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7HPLC of Formula: 605-94-7).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.HPLC of Formula: 605-94-7

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

An efficient photocatalytic synthesis of benzimidazole over cobalt-loaded TiO₂ catalysts under solar light irradiation was written by Kumaraswamy, Gullapelli;Sadanandam, Gullapelli;Ledwaba, Kabelo;Maroju, Ravichandar. And the article was included in Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, A: Chemistry in 2022.SDS of cas: 105-13-5 This article mentions the following:

Cobalt-loaded TiO₂ (Co-TiO₂) based photocatalysts have been successfully used in energy and environmental applications, but their application in synthesis of Benzimidazole from ortho phenylenediamines has never been reported. Benzimidazole is a very important class of heterocyclic compounds and it occupies a unique position in the field of pharmaceutical chem. Here, Co-TiO₂ photocatalysts were prepared using an impregnation method and characterized by XRD, UV-Vis DRS, FE-SEM, TEM and Raman techniques. The present study explores the photocatalytic synthesis of 2-Aryl Benzimidazoles over cobalt-loaded TiO₂ under solar light irradiation The cobalt-loaded TiO₂ catalysts exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance under solar light in the preparation of 2-Aryl Benzimidazoles. This efficient and higher photocatalytic activity can be attributed to the visible light active structure of Co-TiO₂ and surface-interacted cobalt species on TiO₂ support. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5SDS of cas: 105-13-5).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.SDS of cas: 105-13-5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

O-alkyl-N-acyl-N-phenylhydroxylamines as photochemical alkoxy radical precursors was written by Chowdhury, Nilanjana;Anoop, Anakuthil;Singh, N. D. Pradeep. And the article was included in Synthesis in 2012.Computed Properties of C11H16O3 This article mentions the following:

A simple and efficient technique for the photolysis of alkoxy radical precursors is developed. Irradiation of O-alkyl-N-acyl-N-phenylhydroxylamines, as representative alkoxy radical precursors, with UV light (≥254 nm) results in homolytic N-O bond cleavage to generate singlet alkoxy and acylaminyl caged radical pairs. These radicals, depending on the solvent employed, either escape from the cage to form fragmentation products, or undergo in-cage reactions to produce photorearrangement products. The homolytic cleavage of the N-O bond is analyzed using time-dependent d. functional theory calculations The nature of the N-acyl substituent on the O-alkyl-N-acyl-N-phenylhydroxylamines is shown to influence their ability to generate radicals. Furthermore, identification and trapping of the alkoxy radicals is demonstrated. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3Computed Properties of C11H16O3).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Computed Properties of C11H16O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Promoting reversible cathode reactions in magnesium rechargeable batteries using metastable cubic MgMn₂O₄ spinel nanoparticles was written by Kobayashi, Hiroaki;Samukawa, Kouta;Nakayama, Masanobu;Mandai, Toshihiko;Honma, Itaru. And the article was included in ACS Applied Nano Materials in 2021.Formula: C8H18O4 This article mentions the following:

Magnesium rechargeable batteries are candidates for post-lithium-ion batteries owing to the low price and superior theor. volume energy d. of Mg anodes. As a promising cathode material, MgMn₂O₄ spinel has a high energy d. with a high operating voltage, and a relatively high ionic conductivity However, the tetragonal symmetry of MgMn₂O₄, originating from the Jahn-Teller effect of Mn³⁺ ions, causes irreversible structural changes during the charge/discharge process, leading to poor reversibility. We developed metastable cubic MgMn₂O₄ spinel nanoparticles using the hot-injection method under low-temperature solvothermal conditions. Compared to tetragonal MgMn₂O₄, its cubic phase exhibited a superior reversible capacity, both exptl. and theor., at room temperature In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Formula: C8H18O4).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Formula: C8H18O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Studies on antiulcer agents. II. Synthesis and antiulcer activity of phenylpropanol derivatives was written by Muto, Yoshiaki;Ichikawa, Hiromi;Seiki, Masao;Shirataki, Yoshiaki;Yokoe, Ichiro;Komatsu, Manki. And the article was included in Yakugaku Zasshi in 1994.Synthetic Route of C11H16O3 This article mentions the following:

It was found that γ-irigermanal, obtained from the methanol extract of root of Iris germanica, exhibited a potent antiulcer activity. Therefore, this compound was selected as a lead-compound, and related compounds were synthesized and tested for antiulcer activities. It was found that (±) Et 2-[2-(3-hydroxypropyl)-4-oxocyclohexylidene]propionate (1) had excellent antiulcer activities. Then phenylpropanol derivatives, obtained by changing from cyclohexane ring of 1 to benzene ring, were synthesized and tested for antiulcer activities in order to study structure-activity relationships. As a result, (±) Et 2-[2-(3-hydroxypropyl)-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl]propionate (2b) and (±) 3-[2-(3-hydroxypropyl)-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl]-2-butanone (5) were shown to have antiulcer activities. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3Synthetic Route of C11H16O3).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Synthetic Route of C11H16O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Few-nm-sized, phase-pure Au₅Sn intermetallic nanoparticles: synthesis and characterization was written by Osugi, Satoshi;Takano, Shinjiro;Masuda, Shinya;Harano, Koji;Tsukuda, Tatsuya. And the article was included in Dalton Transactions in 2021.Synthetic Route of C8H18O4 This article mentions the following:

Nanoparticles of intermetallic compounds have attracted much interest because they can exhibit novel electronic and catalytic properties due to their specific crystal structure, ordered at. arrangement, and quantum effect. Here, gold-tin (AuSn) bimetallic nanoparticles with various mixing ratios were prepared by a co-reduction method using various protective agents (e.g., polymer, amine, phosphine, carboxylic acid, and thiol). Powder X-ray diffractometry and transmission electron microscopy revealed that few-nm-sized, phase-pure Au₅Sn intermetallic nanoparticles (IMNPs) were successfully synthesized when Au³⁺ and Sn²⁺ precursors with a ratio of 6 : 4 were co-reduced in the presence of oleylamine. The Au₅Sn IMNPs thus prepared did not exhibit localized surface plasmon resonance, in contrast to pure Au nanoparticles of comparable sizes. This suggests that interband transition dominates the optical response due to an increase in the d. of states near the Fermi level by introducing Sn. The Au₅Sn IMNPs supported on mesoporous silica (SBA-15) catalyzed the aerobic oxidation reaction of indanol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Synthetic Route of C8H18O4).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Synthetic Route of C8H18O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem