Ethers-buliding-blocks

Kinetic studies of the transesterification of dimethyl phosphite by alcohols of the guaiacyl and veratryl series was written by Vasil’eva, V. P.;Lykhina, G. G.. And the article was included in Izvestiya Tomskogo Politekhnicheskogo Instituta in 1976.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

The reactivity of alcs. in the title reaction decreased in the order 1-guaiacyl-1-propanol > 1-veratryl-1-propanol (I) > 1-guaiacyl-3-propanol > PhCHEtOH > 1-veratryl-3-propanol (II); the rate constant for I was 15 times that for II. The absence of substituents on the Ph ring deactivated the OH group in the α-position of the propanol side chain. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis and structure of 3-isoquinolinols was written by Simchen, Gerhard;Haefner, Manfred. And the article was included in Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie in 1975.COA of Formula: C8H9NO3 This article mentions the following:

The isoquinolinols I (X = Cl, Br, or iodine; R = H, Cl, Br, Me, or OMe; R1 = H, Me, or OMe) were prepared by cyclization of 3,4,6-RR1(NC)C6H2CH2COCl in the presence of anhydrous HX. Hydrogenation of I over Pd/C gave I (X = H). The lactam-lactim tautomerism of these compounds was discussed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8COA of Formula: C8H9NO3).

3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.COA of Formula: C8H9NO3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Nitrogen Dioxide-Catalyzed Electrophilic Iodination of Arenes was written by Ren, Yun-Lai;Shang, Huantao;Wang, Jianji;Tian, Xinzhe;Zhao, Shuang;Wang, Qian;Li, Fuwei. And the article was included in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2013.Computed Properties of C8H9IO This article mentions the following:

Nitrogen oxide (NO₂ nitrogen dioxide) is demonstrated to be an effective catalyst precursor for the iodination of alkoxy-substituted benzene derivatives and naphthalene derivatives Different from transition metal catalysts, nitrogen dioxide can be easily separated from the final products and is free of heavy metal waste. Although the present catalyst precursor is toxic, it does not stain the final products due to its low-boiling character. No other reagents apart from 0.5 equivalent of iodine (I₂), 6.5 mol% nitrogen dioxide and acetonitrile solvent were used in the iodination, and basically all the iodine atoms in the iodine source were transferred to the iodination products, showing that the presented protocol is highly atom-economic and practical. The synthesis of the target compounds was achieved using methoxybenzene, ethoxybenzene, butoxybenzene, (octyloxy)benzene, (tetradecyloxy)benzene, 1-butoxy-2-methyl-benzene, 1,3-dimethoxybenzene, 1-butoxy-3-chlorobenzene, 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene, 1-methoxynaphthalene as starting materials. Benzofuran, benzothiazole, 2-phenylpyridine, 1-methylimidazole, (ethenyl)benzene, bromobenzene, N,N-diehtylbenzenamine did not provide products in satisfactory yield. Nitriles were obtained in a reaction with tripotassium hexacyanoferrate. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Iodo-1-methoxy-2-methylbenzene (cas: 75581-11-2Computed Properties of C8H9IO).

4-Iodo-1-methoxy-2-methylbenzene (cas: 75581-11-2) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Computed Properties of C8H9IO

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Determining Factor on the Polarization Behavior of Magnesium Deposition for Magnesium Battery Anode was written by Tuerxun, Feilure;Yamamoto, Kentaro;Hattori, Masashi;Mandai, Toshihiko;Nakanishi, Koji;Choudhary, Ashu;Tateyama, Yoshitaka;Sodeyama, Keitaro;Nakao, Aiko;Uchiyama, Tomoki;Matsui, Masaki;Tsuruta, Kazuki;Tamenori, Yusuke;Kanamura, Kiyoshi;Uchimoto, Yoshiharu. And the article was included in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces in 2020.Application of 112-49-2 This article mentions the following:

To clarify the origin of the polarization of magnesium deposition/dissolution reactions, electrochem. measurement, operando soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (operando SXAS), Raman, and d. functional theory (DFT) techniques are combined to three different electrolytes: magnesium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide (Mg(TFSA)₂)/triglyme, magnesium borohydride (Mg(BH₄)₂)/tetrahydrofuran (THF), and Mg(TFSA)₂/2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MeTHF). Cyclic voltammetry revealed that magnesium deposition/dissolution reactions occur in Mg(TFSA)₂/triglyme and Mg(BH₄)₂/THF, while the reactions do not occur in Mg(TFSA)₂/2-MeTHF. Raman spectroscopy shows that the [TFSA]^– in the Mg(TFSA)₂/triglyme electrolyte largely does not coordinate to the magnesium ions, while all of the [TFSA]^– in Mg(TFSA)₂/2-MeTHF and [BH₄]^– in Mg(BH₄)₂/THF coordinate to the magnesium ions. In operando SXAS measurements, the intermediate, such as the Mg⁺ ion, was not observed at potentials above the magnesium deposition potential, and the local structure distortion around the magnesium ions increases in all of the electrolytes at the magnesium electrode|electrolyte interface during the cathodic polarization. The DFT calculation and XPS results indicate that the [TFSA]^–, strongly bound to the magnesium ion in the Mg(TFSA)₂/2-MeTHF electrolyte, undergoes reduction decomposition easily, instead of deposition of magnesium metal, which makes the electrolyte inactive electrochem. In the Mg(BH₄)₂/THF electrolyte, because the [BH₄]^– coordinated to the magnesium ions is stable even under the potential of the magnesium deposition, the magnesium deposition is not inhibited by the decomposition of [BH₄]^–. Conversely, because [TFSA]^– is weakly bound to the magnesium ion in Mg(TFSA)₂/triglyme, the reduction decomposition occurs relatively slowly, which allows the magnesium deposition in the electrolyte. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Application of 112-49-2).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Application of 112-49-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis and anticancer activity of nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) and analogues was written by McDonald, Russell W.;Bunjobpon, Wilawan;Liu, Tong;Fessler, Sue;Pardo, Olivier E.;Freer, Isabel K. A.;Glaser, Mark;Seckl, Michael J.;Robins, David J.. And the article was included in Anti-Cancer Drug Design in 2001.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is a constituent of the creosote bush Larrea divaricata and is well known to be a selective inhibitor of lipoxygenases. NDGA can also inhibit the platelet derived growth factor receptor and the protein kinase C intracellular signalling family, which both play an important role in proliferation and survival of cancers. Moreover, NDGA induces apoptosis in tumor xenografts. Although it is likely to have several targets of action, NDGA is well tolerated in animals. These encouraging results have prompted interest in the compound for clin. study. However, high concentrations of NDGA are required for efficacy and more potent analogs are required. We have synthesized five analogs of NDGA with different lengths of carbon bridge between the two catechol moieties in order to establish the spacing required for optimum anticancer effect and to compare their activities with NDGA. In order to ascertain if the catechol moieties are essential for anticancer activity, we prepared five analogs of NDGA containing only one hydroxyl group on each aromatic ring. NDGA, its racemic form, and catechol derivatives with five or six carbon atom bridges and the phenol analogs with bridges of three to six carbon atoms all showed similar activity, with IC₅₀ values of âˆ?-5 μM against the H-69 small cell lung cancer cell line. Analogs with shorter or longer bridges were much less active. The most potent analog was the biscatechol with a four-carbon bridge I which was >10 times more active than NDGA and therefore represents a new lead compound in this area. Surprisingly, the tetra-Me ether of this compound was slightly more active than NDGA, but the trihydroxy analog was less active than NDGA. In summary, simplification of the structure of NDGA by removal of the Me groups has produced a new lead compound I, which is >10 times more potent than NDGA as a proliferative inhibitor of H-69 small cell lung cancer cells. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

An efficient palladium-catalyzed Negishi cross-coupling reaction with arylvinyl iodides: facile regioselective synthesis of E-stilbenes and their analogues was written by Kabir, M. Shahjahan;Monte, Aaron;Cook, James M.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2007.Recommanded Product: 57179-35-8 This article mentions the following:

A general synthetic route for the Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling of an arylzinc reagent with arylvinyl iodides (Negishi cross-coupling) has been developed. The system permits efficient and selective preparation of E-stilbenes and their analogs. It also functions effectively at low levels of catalyst loading without the need for an addnl. ligand and tolerates a wide range of functional groups including heteroaromatic substrates. A systematic study of various parameters was performed and correlated with catalyst-substrate activity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 57179-35-8Recommanded Product: 57179-35-8).

3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 57179-35-8) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Recommanded Product: 57179-35-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Syntheses, Structural Characterization, and Kinetic Investigations of Metalla[3]triangulanes: Isoelectronic Nickel(0) and Copper(I) Complexes with Bicyclopropylidene (bcp) and Dicyclopropylacetylene (dcpa) as Ligands was written by Ritz, Florian J.;Valentin, Lars;Henss, Anja;Wuertele, Christian;Walter, Olaf;Kozhushkov, Sergei I.;de Meijere, Armin;Schindler, Siegfried. And the article was included in European Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2021.Reference of 16356-02-8 This article mentions the following:

The kinetics of the reactions between [Ni(bipy)(COD)] and bicyclopropylidene (bcp), dicyclopropylacetylene (dcpa) and 1,4-dimethoxy-2-butyne (dmbu) were investigated using stopped-flow techniques. Similar to previous studies the results support an associative mechanism (activation parameters for bcp: ΔH^# = 46±2 kJ·mol^-1 and ΔS^# = -69±8 J· mol^-1·K^-1) and therefore allowed to postulate a more general reaction mechanism for the reaction pathway. The products, the nickel(0) complexes [Ni(bipy)(bcp)] and [Ni(bipy)(dcpa)], could be structurally characterized and the mol. structures are presented. In addition, the corresponding copper(I) complexes [Cu(bipy)(bcp)]PF₆ and [Cu(bipy)(dcpa)]PF₆ were also structurally characterized and their reactivity towards dioxygen was investigated. A detailed discussion of the structural properties and comparisons to similar literature-known olefinic complexes with transition metals are presented. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8Reference of 16356-02-8).

1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Reference of 16356-02-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

^tBuOLi-Promoted Hydroboration of Esters and Epoxides was written by Shi, Yinyin;Wang, Yue;Huang, Zhefan;Zhang, Fangjun;Shao, Yinlin. And the article was included in ACS Omega in 2022.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Com. available and inexpensive lithium tert-butoxide (tBuOLi) acts as a good precatalyst for the hydroboration of esters, lactones, and epoxides using pinacolborane as a borylation agent. Functional groups such as cyano-, nitro-, amino-, vinyl, and alkynyl are unaffected under the presented hydroboration process, representing high chemoselectivity. This transformation has also been effectively applied to the synthesis of key intermediates of Erlotinib and Cinacalcet. Preliminary investigations of the mechanism show that the hydroboration proceeds through the in situ formed BH₃ species. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Effects of cyclohexyl group on electro-optical properties of liquid crystal tolan was written by Chen, Xin-bing;Feng, Kai;Jia, Lin;An, Zhong-wei. And the article was included in Yejing Yu Xianshi in 2004.Electric Literature of C18H18O This article mentions the following:

As one of widely used liquid crystals, tolans are mainly used for improving birefringence of liquid crystal composition Effects of cyclohexyl group introduced into mol. on the electro-optical properties of tolan were investigated. The results show that the threshold voltage and birefringence of the composition can be increased by introducing cyclohexyl group into mol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methoxy-4-((4-propylphenyl)ethynyl)benzene (cas: 39969-26-1Electric Literature of C18H18O).

1-Methoxy-4-((4-propylphenyl)ethynyl)benzene (cas: 39969-26-1) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Electric Literature of C18H18O

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem