Ethers-buliding-blocks

Large screening of DNA-compatible reaction conditions for Suzuki and Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions and for reverse amide bond formation was written by Favalli, Nicholas;Bassi, Gabriele;Bianchi, Davide;Scheuermann, Jorg;Neri, Dario. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry in 2021.Product Details of 480424-49-5 This article mentions the following:

Progress in DNA-encoded chem. library synthesis and screening crucially relies on the availability of DNA-compatible reactions, which proceed with high yields and excellent purity for a large number of possible building blocks. In the past, exptl. conditions have been presented for the execution of Suzuki and Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions on-DNA. In this article, our aim was to optimize Suzuki and Sonogashira reactions, comparing our results to previously published procedures. We have tested the performance of improved conditions using 606 building blocks (including boronic acids, pinacol boranes and terminal alkynes), achieving >70% conversion for 84% of the tested mols. Moreover, we describe efficient exptl. conditions for the on-DNA synthesis of amide bonds, starting from DNA derivatives carrying a carboxylic acid moiety and 300 primary, secondary and aromatic amines, as amide bonds are frequently found in DNA-encoded chem. libraries thanks to their excellent DNA compatibility. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Formyl-2-methoxyphenylboronic acid (cas: 480424-49-5Product Details of 480424-49-5).

3-Formyl-2-methoxyphenylboronic acid (cas: 480424-49-5) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Product Details of 480424-49-5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Tuning Zr(IV)-assisted peptide hydrolysis at near-neutral pH was written by Kassai, Miki;Grant, Kathryn B.. And the article was included in Inorganic Chemistry Communications in 2008.Synthetic Route of C10H21NO4 This article mentions the following:

The present study has compared the effects of a total of 17 ligands on Zr(IV)-assisted hydrolysis of dipeptide Gly-Gly (60°, pH 6.8-7.4, t = 4, 10 h). The macrocyclic azacrown ether ligands 1,4,10,13-tetraoxa-7,16-diazacyclooctadecane and 1,4,10-trioxa-7,13-diazacyclopentadecane produced the overall highest amounts of hydrolysis, followed by the open-chain ligand 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol. While it was not necessary to have a ring structure to enhance Zr(IV) reactivity, the structural feature “ROCH₂CH₂OCH₂CH₂NR” in ligands appeared to contribute to increased levels of peptide cleavage. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Synthetic Route of C10H21NO4).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Synthetic Route of C10H21NO4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Mitoquinone Inactivates Mitochondrial Chaperone TRAP1 by Blocking the Client Binding Site was written by Yoon, Nam Gu;Lee, Hakbong;Kim, So-Yeon;Hu, Sung;Kim, Darong;Yang, Sujae;Hong, Ki Bum;Lee, Ji Hoon;Kang, Soosung;Kim, Byung-Gyu;Myung, Kyungjae;Lee, Changwook;Kang, Byoung Heon. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2021.Related Products of 605-94-7 This article mentions the following:

Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) family proteins are mol. chaperones that modulate the functions of various substrate proteins (clients) implicated in pro-tumorigenic pathways. In this study, the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant mitoquinone (MitoQ) was identified as a potent inhibitor of mitochondrial Hsp90, known as a tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1). Structural analyses revealed an asym. bipartite interaction between MitoQ and the previously unrecognized drug binding sites located in the middle domain of TRAP1, believed to be a client binding region. MitoQ effectively competed with TRAP1 clients, and MitoQ treatment facilitated the identification of 103 TRAP1-interacting mitochondrial proteins in cancer cells. MitoQ and its redox-crippled SB-U014/SB-U015 exhibited more potent anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo than previously reported mitochondria-targeted TRAP1 inhibitors. The findings indicate that targeting the client binding site of Hsp90 family proteins offers a novel strategy for the development of potent anticancer drugs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7Related Products of 605-94-7).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Related Products of 605-94-7

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Indoline Catalyzed Acylhydrazone/Oxime Condensation under Neutral Aqueous Conditions was written by Zhou, Yuntao;Piergentili, Irene;Hong, Jennifer;van der Helm, Michelle P.;Macchione, Mariano;Li, Yao;Eelkema, Rienk;Luo, Sanzhong. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2020.Reference of 111-77-3 This article mentions the following:

Acylhydrazone formation has been widely applied in materials science and biolabeling. However, their sluggish condensation rate under neutral conditions limits its application. Herein, indolines with electron-donating groups are reported as a new catalyst scaffold, which can catalyze acylhydrazone, hydrazone, and oxime formation via an iminium ion intermediate. This new type of catalyst showed up to 15-fold rate enhancement over the traditional aniline-catalyzed reaction at neutral conditions. The identified indoline catalyst was successfully applied in hydrogel formation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Reference of 111-77-3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Reference of 111-77-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Amidines of pharmacological interest was written by Easson, Alexander P. T.;Pyman, Frank L.. And the article was included in Journal of the Chemical Society in 1931.Recommanded Product: 51488-33-6 This article mentions the following:

The following amidines and related compounds were prepared and characterized mainly for pharmacol. study, but none of them appears to be of sufficient value to warrant clin. trial: m-aminobenzamidine-HCl, C₇H₉N₃.-HCl, m. 162-3°, hygroscopic (dihydrate m. 79-85°); p-aminobenzamidine-HCl, m. 225-6° (di-HCl salt, m. 320° (decomposition); picrate, m. 231-2°); the free base is amorphous and m. about 125°. Et 3,4-dimethoxyimidobenzoate (HCl salt, C₁₁H₁₅O₃N.HCl, m. 142-3°); 3,4-dimethoxybenzamidine (HCl salt, C₉H₁₂O₂N₂.HCl, m. 237°; picrate m. 217-8°; free base forms yellow needles m. 110-20°). Et p-carbethoxyimidobenzoate (HCl salt, C₁₂H₁₅O₃N. HCl, m. 179°); p-carbethoxybenzamidine (HCl salt, C₁₀H₁₂O₂N₂. HCl, m. 217-8°). p-Carboxyphenylthiocarbamide, C₈H₈O₂N₂S, does not melt below 330°; p-carboxyphenyl-S-methylisothiocarbamide-HI, C₉H₈O₂N₂S,HI, m. 238-9°; p-carbethoxyphenylguanidine (HCl salt, C₁₀H₁₃O₂N₃. HCl, m. 166-7°; picrate. m. 224-5°; nitrate, m. 201-2°). p-Hydroxyphenyl-S-methylisothiocarbamide-HI, C₈H₁₀ON₂S. HI, m. 176-81°; p-hydroxyphenylguanidine-HCl, C₇H₉ON₃.HCl, m. 197-8° (picrate, m. 235-6°; nitrate, m.2-5-6°). Benzenylveratrylamidine, m. 121° (HCl salt, C₁₅H₁₆O₂N₂. -HCl, m. 217-8°; picrate, m. 217-8°). Veratroylveratrylamine, C₁₇H₁₉O₅N, m. 192-3°. Et p-hydroxyphenylimidoacetate-HCl, C₁₀H₁₃O₂N.HCl, faint reddish powder, m. 145-8°. p-Hydroxyphenylacetamidine-HCl, C₈H₁₀ON₂.HCl, m. 253-4° (picrate, m. 212-3°; nitrate, m. 175-6°). p-Hydroxyphenyl-N-methylacetamidine (HCl salt, C₉H₁₂ON₂. HCl, m. 229-30°; picrate, m. 167-8°). o-Hydroxyimidobenzoate-HCl, C₉H₁₁O₂N.HCl, m. 150-1°. o-Hydroxybenzamidine (sulfate, m. 285° (decomposition); picrate, m. 245-6°). Et m-hydroxyimidobenzoate-HCl, m. 161-4°. m-Hydroxybenzamidine (sulfate, C₇H₈ON₂.0.5 H₂SO₄, m. 245° (decomposition); picrate, m. 260-1°). Pimelamidine (HCl salt, C₇H₁₆N₄.2 HCl, m. 218-9°; picrate, m. 249-50° (decomposition)). Azelamidine sulfate, C₉H₂₀N₄.H₂SO₄, m. 3103-5 (decomposition); picrate, m. 260-1°. Sebacamidine picrate, C₁₀H₂₂N₄.2C₆H₃O₇N₃, m. 249-50°. Nonane-1,9-diamidine picrate, m. 245-6°; acid chloride, b₂₂ 191-2°. Decane-1,10-diamidine-HCl, C₁₂H₂₆N₄.2HCl, m. 174-5° (picrate, m. 227-8°). Undecane- 1,11-diamidine picrate, m. 192-3°. Valeramidine sulfate, m. 272-4°; picrate, m. 195-6°. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,4-Dimethoxybenzimidamide hydrochloride (cas: 51488-33-6Recommanded Product: 51488-33-6).

3,4-Dimethoxybenzimidamide hydrochloride (cas: 51488-33-6) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Recommanded Product: 51488-33-6

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Ring transformation of dimethoxybenzenes to heterocycles by ozonolysis was written by Yoshida, Yuki;Ichikawa, Satoshi;Shinozuka, Yuka;Satoh, Mitsuru;Mohri, Kunihiko;Isobe, Kimiaki. And the article was included in Heterocycles in 2005.Recommanded Product: 3929-47-3 This article mentions the following:

Dimethoxybenzene derivatives, which have a hydroxyalkyl or an aminoalkyl side-chain, were oxidized with ozone and transformed to heterocycles by ring closure reaction of the oxidative products. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3Recommanded Product: 3929-47-3).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Recommanded Product: 3929-47-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Barium Chemosensors with Dry-Phase Fluorescence for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay was written by Thapa, P.;Arnquist, I.;Byrnes, N.;Denisenko, A. A.;Foss, Jr. F. W.;Jones, B. J. P.;McDonald, A. D.;Nygren, D. R.;Woodruff, K.. And the article was included in Scientific Reports in 2019.Quality Control of 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane This article mentions the following:

The nature of the neutrino is one of the major open questions in exptl. nuclear and particle physics. The most sensitive known method to establish the Majorana nature of the neutrino is detection of the ultra-rare process of neutrinoless double beta decay. However, identification of one or a handful of decay events within a large mass of candidate isotope, without obfuscation by backgrounds is a formidable exptl. challenge. One hypothetical method for achieving ultra- low-background neutrinoless double beta decay sensitivity is the detection of single ¹³⁶Ba ions produced in the decay of ¹³⁶Xe (“barium tagging”). To implement such a method, a single-ion-sensitive barium detector must be developed and demonstrated in bulk liquid or dry gaseous xenon. This paper reports on the development of two families of dry-phase barium chemosensor mols. for use in high pressure xenon gas detectors, synthesized specifically for this purpose. One particularly promising candidate, an anthracene substituted aza-18-crown-6 ether, is shown to respond in the dry phase with almost no intrinsic background from the unchelated state, and to be amenable to barium sensing through fluorescence microscopy. This interdisciplinary advance, paired with earlier work demonstrating sensitivity to single barium ions in solution, opens a new path toward single ion detection in high pressure xenon gas. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Quality Control of 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Quality Control of 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Characterization of volatile compounds of Albertisia papuana Becc root extracts and cytotoxic activity in breast cancer cell line T47D was written by Kristiani, Elizabeth B. E.;Nugroho, Laurentius H.;Moeljopawiro, Sukarti;Widyarini, Sitarina. And the article was included in Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research in 2016.Recommanded Product: 56619-93-3 This article mentions the following:

Purpose: To evaluate the cytotoxic activity of chloroform and water root extracts of Albertisia papuana Becc. on T47D cell line and identify the volatile compounds of the extracts Methods: The plant roots were extracted with chloroform and water using maceration and boiling methods, resp. The cytotoxicity of the extracts on T47D were determined using 3-(4,5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Doxorubicin was used as reference drug in the cytotoxicity test while Probit anal. was used to calculate the Median Growth Inhibitory Concentration IC50 of the extracts The volatile compounds in the chloroform and water root extracts were analyzed using Gas Chromatog.-Mass Spectrophotometry GC-MS. Results: The IC50 of the chloroform and water extracts were 28.0 ± 6.0 and 88.0 ± 5.5μg/mL, resp. whereas that of doxorubicin was 8.5 ± 0.1μg/mL. GC-MS results showed that there were 46 compounds in the chloroform extract, out of which the five major components are Et linoleate (49.68%), bicyclo (3.3.1) non-2-ene (29.29%), Et palmitate (5.06%), palmitic acid (3.67%) and Et heptadecanoate (1.57%).The water extract consisted of three compounds, butanoic acid (15.58%); Me cycloheptane (3.45%), and Me 2-O-methylpentofuranoside (80.96%). Conclusion: The chloroform root extract of A. papuana Becc. had a fairly potent anticancer activity against breast cancer cells and may be further developed as an anticancer agent. Its major components were fatty acids and fatty acid esters. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)pivalamide (cas: 56619-93-3Recommanded Product: 56619-93-3).

N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)pivalamide (cas: 56619-93-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Recommanded Product: 56619-93-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Discovery of 7-N-Piperazinylthiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine Analogues as a Novel Class of Immunosuppressive Agents with in Vivo Biological Activity was written by Jang, Mi-Yeon;Lin, Yuan;De Jonghe, Steven;Gao, Ling-Jie;Vanderhoydonck, Bart;Froeyen, Mathy;Rozenski, Jef;Herman, Jean;Louat, Thierry;Van Belle, Kristien;Waer, Mark;Herdewijn, Piet. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2011.Product Details of 1877-75-4 This article mentions the following:

The synthesis and in vitro and in vivo activity of thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidines, e.g., I as a novel class of immunosuppressive agents, useful for preventing graft rejection after organ transplantation is described. This research resulted in the discovery of a series of compounds with potent activity in the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay, which is well-known as the in vitro model for in vivo rejection after organ transplantation. The most potent congeners displayed IC₅₀ values of less than 50 nM in this MLR assay and hence are equipotent to cyclosporin A, a clin. used immunosuppressive drug. One representative of this series was further evaluated in a preclin. animal model of organ transplantation and showed excellent in vivo efficacy. It validates these compounds as new promising immunosuppressive drugs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4Product Details of 1877-75-4).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Product Details of 1877-75-4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies of novel phenoxyacetamide-based free fatty acid receptor 1 agonists for the treatment of type 2 diabetes was written by Li, Zheng;Wang, Xuekun;Xu, Xue;Yang, Jianyong;Qiu, Qianqian;Qiang, Hao;Huang, Wenlong;Qian, Hai. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry in 2015.Application In Synthesis of 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid This article mentions the following:

The free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFA1) has attracted extensive attention as a novel antidiabetic target in the last decade. Several FFA1 agonists reported in the literature have been suffered from relatively high mol. weight and lipophilicity. We have previously reported the FFA1 agonist 1. Based on the common amide structural characteristic of SAR1 and NIH screened compound, we here describe the continued structure-activity exploration to decrease the mol. weight and lipophilicity of the compound 1 series by converting various amide linkers. All of these efforts lead to the discovery of the preferable lead compound 18, a compound with considerable agonistic activity, high LE and LLE values, lower lipophilicity than previously reported agonists, and appreciable efficacy on glucose tolerance in both normal and type 2 diabetic mice. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4Application In Synthesis of 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Application In Synthesis of 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem