Tag: 100-200

An Examination of the Cloud Curves of Liquid-Liquid Immiscibility of Aqueous Solutions of Alkyl Polyoxyethylene Surfactants Using the SAFT-HS Approach with Transferable Parameters was written by Garcia-Lisbona, M. Nieves;Galindo, Amparo;Jackson, George;Burgess, Andrew N.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 1998.Related Products of 112-59-4 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The phase equilibrium of aqueous solutions of n-alkyl polyoxyethylene ethers (C_iE_j) are characterized by the presence of so-called cloud curves which represent the region of liquid-liquid immiscibility of two micellar solutions (one rich and one poor in surfactant). The systems exhibit a lower critical solution temperature (LCST), which denotes the lower limit of immiscibility; in some cases a complete closed-loop region with an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) is seen corresponding to re-entrant miscibility. In this case the behavior can be explained in terms of the competition between the incompatibility of water with the alkyl chain and the hydrogen bonding between water and the head groups. The authors have used a simplified version of the statistical associating fluid theory (SAFT), which is based on the thermodn. perturbation theory of Wertheim for associating fluids: the original SAFT-LJ equation of state treats the mols. as chains of Lennard-Jones segments while the simplified SAFT-HS equation treats mols. as chains of hard-sphere repulsive segments with van der Waals interactions. The water mols. are modeled as hard spheres with four associating sites to treat the hydrogen bonding; the dispersion forces are treated at the van der Waals mean-field level. The surfactant mols. are modeled as chains of hard-sphere segments with two or three bonding sites to treat the terminal hydroxyl group and an addnl. three sites per oxyethylene group; the dispersion forces are again treated at the mean-field level. For appropriate choices of the intermol. parameters, the SAFT-HS approach predicts cloud curves with both a UCST and an LCST. The critical temperatures and the extent of immiscibility are in very good agreement with the exptl. data. The authors have studied the transferability of the intermol. potential parameters for different members of the C_iE_j homologous series. Although the general trends are reproduced, slightly different values of the unlike dispersion forces have to be used for the various systems in order to provide quant. agreement with experiment This is not altogether surprising for such complex aqueous micellar solutions The authors have explored a relationship between the structure of the surfactant mol. and the value of the unlike intermol. potential parameter which enables one to predict the phase behavior of aqueous solutions of any member of the C_iE_j homologous series. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4Related Products of 112-59-4).

2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4) belongs to ethers. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Related Products of 112-59-4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Surface Activity of Alkoxy Ethoxyethyl β-D-Glucopyranosides was written by Fan, Yulin;Fu, Fang;Chen, Langqiu;Li, Jiping;Zhang, Jing. And the article was included in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 2020.SDS of cas: 112-59-4 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Dioxyethene fragment (-(OCH₂CH₂)₂-) was introduced into traditional alkyl β-D-glucopyranosides to ameliorate the water solubility, and eight nonionic surfactants, i.e., alkoxy ethoxyethyl β-D-glucopyranosides with alkyl chain lengths (n = 6-16), were synthesized and characterized. Their hydrophilic and lipophilic balance number, water solubility, critical micelle concentration (cmc), γ_cmc, Γ_max, and hygroscopic rate decreased with an increase in the alkyl chain length. Hexadecoxy ethoxyethyl β-D-glucopyranoside had no water solubility at 25°C. Decoxy ethoxyethyl β-D-glucopyranoside had the best emulsifying property in the toluene/water and n-octane/water systems and the strongest foaming property, whereas dodecoxy ethoxyethyl β-D-glucopyranoside had the best emulsifying property in the rapeseed oil/water system. Such β-D-glucopyranosides (n = 6-12) exhibited excellent surface activity. In addition, for the binary mixture of alkoxy ethoxyethyl β-D-glucopyranosides (n = 8, 10, 12) and sodium dodecyl sulfate or cetyl tri-Me ammonium chloride, their cmc values were lower than the pure β-D-glucopyranosides, indicating that they had synergistic interactions. The fan focal conic textures of alkoxy ethoxyethyl β-D-glucopyranosides (n = 7-16) were observed during the cooling process under a polarizing optical microscope. Alkoxy ethoxyethyl β-D-glucopyranosides (n = 14, 16) had the related m.ps. and the clear points with differential scanning calorimetry. With β-D-glucopyranosides (n = 6-16) and n-butanol as the surfactant and cosurfactant, resp., and with cyclohexane as the oil phase, the related microemulsion areas in their pseudoternary phase diagram system were investigated with the visual observation at 25°C. Along with the slashing requirements of petroleum consumption, environmental protection, and green and sustainable development, nonionic sugar-based alkoxy ethoxyethyl β-D-glucopyranosides should be expected to have their potential practical application because of their strengthened hydrophilicity, improved water solubility, and enhanced surface activity. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4SDS of cas: 112-59-4).

2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4) belongs to ethers. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. SDS of cas: 112-59-4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Active immunization against serum alcohol dehydrogenase normalizes brain dopamine metabolism disturbed during chronic alcohol consumption was written by Mitkin, Nikita A.;Anokhin, Petr K.;Belopolskaya, Maria V.;Frolova, Olga Y.;Kushnir, Ekaterina A.;Lovat, Maxim L.;Pavshintsev, Vsevolod V.. And the article was included in Alcohol (New York, NY, United States) in 2020.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Chronic ethanol consumption in high doses is associated with constitutively elevated activity of the serum alc. dehydrogenase I (ADH I) isoform, which demonstrates a high affinity not only for ethanol but also for a number of bioamine metabolites. Such excessive ADH activity is probably associated with disruptions in the metabolism of neurotransmitters (dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine) and subsequent long-term changes in the activity of their receptors. Ultimately, a stable depressive-like condition contributes to the development of patients craving for ethanol intake, frequent disruptions during therapy, and low efficacy of treatment. We applied active immunization against ADH to investigate its efficacy in the reduction of excessive serum ADH activity and regulation of ethanol consumption by chronically ethanol-fed Wistar rats (15% ethanol, 4 mo, free-choice method), and we analyzed its ability to influence the levels of bioamines in the brain. Immunization (2 injections, 2-wk intervals) was performed using a combination of recombinant horse ADH isoenzyme as an antigen and 2% aluminum hydroxide-based adjuvant. The efficacy of immunization was demonstrated by the production of high titers of ADH-specific antibodies, which was consistent with the significantly reduced ADH activity in the serum of chronically ethanol-fed rats. On the 26th day after the first vaccine injection, we registered significantly lower levels of alc. consumption compared to ethanol-fed control animals, and the difference reached 16% on the 49th day of the experiment These observations were accompanied by data that showed reduced levels of ethanol preference in immunized rats. Chronic alc. drinking led to a decrease in dopamine and DOPAL (a direct dopamine metabolite and a high-affinity ADH substrate) levels in the striatum,while immunization neutralized this effect. Addnl., we observed that inhibition of serum ADH activity caused a decrease in peak dopamine levels during acute alc. intake in chronically ethanol-fed rats during ethanol withdrawal that was associated with reduced tyrosine hydroxylase activity in the striatum. The obtained data suggest a significant contribution of ADH to the changes in neurotransmitter systems during chronic alc. consumption and make available new prospects for developing innovative strategies for treatment of excessive alc. intake. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

On August 15, 2006, Chu, Liqiang; Knoll, Wolfgang; Foerch, Renate published an article.Recommanded Product: 929-37-3 The title of the article was Biologically multifunctional surfaces using plasma polymerization methods. And the article contained the following:

The authors report on the development of a multilayer system, which allows for specific DNA binding reactions to occur at the surface, but at the same time shows antifouling properties, thus minimizing the nonspecific adsorption of proteins (BSA). The synthesis involves the combination of plasma polymerization and streptavidin-biotin assembly. DNA sensing is achieved using SPFS. Antifouling properties are tailored by controlling the film thickness, together with the effects of the swelling in buffer solution and by the sp. surface chem. design. Preliminary hybridization experiments show promising results. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-(2-(Vinyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol(cas: 929-37-3).Recommanded Product: 929-37-3

The Article related to multilayer plasma polymerization dna hybridization protein serum albumin, Biochemical Methods: Apparatus and other aspects.Recommanded Product: 929-37-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

On September 30, 2008, Thevenot, Paul; Cho, Jai; Wavhal, Dattatray; Timmons, Richard B.; Tang, Liping published an article.Synthetic Route of 929-37-3 The title of the article was Surface chemistry influences cancer killing effect of TiO2 nanoparticles. And the article contained the following:

Photocatalyzed titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were shown to eradicate cancer cells. However, the required in situ introduction of UV light limits the use of such a therapy in humans. In the present study the nonphotocatalytic anticancer effect of surface-functionalized TiO2 was examined Nanoparticles bearing -OH, -NH2, or -COOH surface groups were tested for their effect on in vitro survival of several cancer and control cell lines. The cells tested included B16F10 melanoma, Lewis lung carcinoma, JHU prostate cancer cells, and 3T3 fibroblasts. Cell viability was observed to depend on particle concentrations, cell types, and surface chem. Specifically, -NH2 and -OH groups showed significantly higher toxicity than -COOH. Microscopic and spectrophotometric studies revealed nanoparticle-mediated cell membrane disruption leading to cell death. The results suggest that functionalized TiO2, and presumably other nanoparticles, can be surface-engineered for targeted cancer therapy. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-(2-(Vinyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol(cas: 929-37-3).Synthetic Route of 929-37-3

The Article related to titanium dioxide nanoparticle surface functional group antitumor, Pharmaceuticals: Pharmaceutics and other aspects.Synthetic Route of 929-37-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Andre, Mathieu; Tarrit, Sebastien; Couret, Marie-Joelle; Galmier, Marie-Josephe; Debiton, Eric; Chezal, Jean-Michel; Mounetou, Emmanuelle published an article in 2013, the title of the article was Spacer optimization of new conjugates for a melanoma-selective delivery approach.Application of 929-37-3 And the article contains the following content:

In the search for more selective anticancer drugs, we designed and synthesized seven conjugates varying the structure of the linker connecting the 5-iodo-2′-deoxyuridine (IUdR) to the ICF 01012 melanoma-carrier for potential intratumoral specific drug release. Chem. and in vitro metabolic stability evaluations showed that, except for the ester conjugate (1), the ketal (2b), acetal (2a), carbonate (4) and carbamate (3) conjugates were compatible with our approach. The acetal (2a) and its PEGylated derivative (2c) were of particular interest for further in vivo development owing to their resp. pH-dependent stability and limited metabolic degradation in order to exploit the acidic subcellular environment of malignant melanocytes to trigger the release of therapeutics upon internalization in cells. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-(2-(Vinyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol(cas: 929-37-3).Application of 929-37-3

The Article related to antitumor melanoma icf01012 iododeoxyuridine conjugate spacer, Pharmaceuticals: Pharmaceutics and other aspects.Application of 929-37-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

On March 31, 2021, Zhou, Fei; Last, Robert L.; Pichersky, Eran published an article.Application of 91-16-7 The title of the article was Degradation of salicylic acid to catechol in Solanaceae by SA 1-hydroxylase. And the article contained the following:

The hormone salicylic acid (SA) plays crucial roles in plant defense, stress responses, and in the regulation of plant growth and development. Whereas the biosynthetic pathways and biol. functions of SA have been extensively studied, SA catabolism is less well understood. In this study, we report the identification and functional characterization of an FAD/NADH-dependent SA 1-hydroxylase from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum; SlSA1H), which catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of SA to catechol. Transcript levels of SlSA1H were highest in stems and its expression was correlated with the formation of the methylated catechol derivatives guaiacol and veratrole. Consistent with a role in SA catabolism, SlSA1H RNAi plants accumulated lower amounts of guaiacol and failed to produce any veratrole. Two O-methyltransferases involved in the conversion of catechol to guaiacol and guaiacol to veratrole were also functionally characterized. Subcellular localization analyses revealed the cytosolic localization of this degradation pathway. Phylogenetic anal. and functional characterization of SA1H homologs from other species indicated that this type of FAD/NADH-dependent SA 1-hydroxylases evolved recently within the Solanaceae family. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1,2-Dimethoxybenzene(cas: 91-16-7).Application of 91-16-7

The Article related to sa1h salicylic acid degradation catechol solanum, Plant Biochemistry: Metabolism and other aspects.Application of 91-16-7

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

On October 15, 2009, Chu, Li-Qiang; Knoll, Wolfgang; Foerch, Renate published an article.Application In Synthesis of 2-(2-(Vinyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol The title of the article was Plasma polymerized non-fouling thin films for DNA immobilization. And the article contained the following:

Development of DNA sensors has been an issue of great interest, owing to their potential applications in different fields, such as the diagnosis of infectious diseases, food quality control, or for environmental monitoring. Most DNA sensors involved the immobilization of single-stranded oligonucleotides, so-called DNA probes, onto the sensor surfaces. Here we report on a new approach for DNA probe immobilization using the streptavidin-biotin assembly coupled with a non-fouling thin film. Pulsed plasma polymerization of di(ethylene glycol) monovinyl ether (ppEO2) will result in non-fouling thin films, which are employed to immobilize streptavidin. By careful control of the thickness and the chem. of ppEO2 films, the embedded streptavidin are able to bind the biotinylated oligonucleotides. The resulting DNA sensors show good resistance towards adsorption of both BSA and fibrinogen, and are employed to discriminate different DNA sequences from protein-containing sample solutions, as seen by surface plasmon enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SPFS). This result suggests that the present sensor is very promising for the detection of a DNA sequence from a complex solution The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-(2-(Vinyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol(cas: 929-37-3).Application In Synthesis of 2-(2-(Vinyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol

The Article related to sequence plasma polymerization diethylene glycol monovinyl ether dna probe, Biochemical Genetics: Methods and other aspects.Application In Synthesis of 2-(2-(Vinyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

On July 15, 2005, Moise, Tamar; Rudich, Yinon; Rousse, Davy; George, Christian published an article.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks The title of the article was Multiphase Decomposition of Novel Oxygenated Organics in Aqueous and Organic Media. And the article contained the following:

Prior to the massive use of new oxygenated solvents, data on their multiphase reactivity must be obtained to assess their environmental fate and impact on water and air quality. For this, the kinetics and mechanisms of the photochem. and photocatalytic degradation of selected oxygenated solvents by common tropospheric oxidants (such as OH and ozone) must be characterized. The authors studied the oxidation kinetics of new oxygenated solvents as pure organic liquids and in an aqueous medium by ozone and by the OH radical, resp. The studied chems. are all unsaturated compounds, having none, one, or two ether groups. The OH reaction proceeds at the diffusion limit by addition to the double bond. The reactive uptake coefficients associated with the reaction initiated by ozone are of the order of 10-3. The reactions of compounds with two double bonds are very fast and probably occur at the surface. This kinetic information demonstrates that organic solvents in an organic medium or in an aqueous droplet will be oxidized rapidly by these oxidation reactions. These reactions, however, are not significant sinks for ozone and OH radicals. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-(2-(Vinyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol(cas: 929-37-3).Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

The Article related to multiphase decomposition oxygenated organic aqueous media, Water: Water Pollution and other aspects.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

On December 31, 2020, Lopez-Arencibia, Atteneri; Bethencourt-Estrella, Carlos J.; Freijo, Monica B.; Reyes-Batlle, Maria; Sifaoui, Ines; Nicolas-Hernandez, Desiree San; McNaughton-Smith, Grant; Lorenzo-Morales, Jacob; Abad-Grillo, Teresa; Pinero, Jose E. published an article.Product Details of 93-04-9 The title of the article was New phenalenone analogues with improved activity against Leishmania species. And the article contained the following:

The in vitro activity against Leishmania spp. of five novel designed compounds, phenalenone derivatives, is described in this study. Previous works have shown that some phenalenones present leishmanicidal activity, some of which could induce programmed cell death events in L. amazonensis parasites. In this research, we focused on the determination of the programmed cell death evidence by detecting the characteristic features of the apoptosis-like process, such as phosphatidylserine exposure and mitochondrial membrane potential, among others. The results showed that the new derivatives have comparable or better activity and selectivity than the commonly prescribed anti-leishmanial drug. This result was obtained by inducing stronger mitochondrial depolarization or more intense phosphatidylserine exposure than miltefosine, highlighting compound 8 with moreover 9-times better selectivity index. In addition, the new five mols. activated the apoptosis-like process in the parasite. All the signals observed were indicative of the death process that the parasites were undergoing. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-Methoxynaphthalene(cas: 93-04-9).Product Details of 93-04-9

The Article related to leishmania species phenalenone analog phosphatidylserine mitochondrial membrane, leishmania amazonensis, phenalenones, apoptosis-like, chemotherapy, Pharmacology: Methods and other aspects.Product Details of 93-04-9

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem