Tag: 200-300

Design and synthesis of Sn-porphyrin based molecular gates was written by Guenet, Aurelie;Graf, Ernest;Kyritsakas, Nathalie;Hosseini, Mir Wais. And the article was included in Inorganic Chemistry in 2010.COA of Formula: C11H22O5 This article mentions the following:

Mol. gates, comprising 4-pyridinyl-substituted stannoporphyrin stator and axially-coordinated triethyleneglycol-bridged bis-1,3-dioxybenzene units having 2,6-pyridinedimethoxy coordination site as a rotor were designed to operate via coordination of metal ions to both bridging and porphyrin pyridine nitrogens. A series of the mol. gates were prepared and characterized, both in solution by ¹H NMR and in the solid state by x-ray diffraction on single crystals. The mol. system is based on a porphyrin core bearing at the meso positions either Ph or pyridyl groups as a stator, octahedral Sn(IV) cation located at the center of the porphyrin as a hinge, and different handles connected to the porphyrin through Sn-O axial bonds. The stability of the complexes in the presence of different acids is also reported. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-(2-((Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 60221-37-6COA of Formula: C11H22O5).

2-(2-(2-((Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 60221-37-6) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).COA of Formula: C11H22O5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

A novel QSPR model for prediction of lower flammability limits of organic compounds based on support vector machine was written by Pan, Yong;Jiang, Juncheng;Wang, Rui;Cao, Hongyin;Cui, Yi. And the article was included in Journal of Hazardous Materials in 2009.HPLC of Formula: 20324-33-8 This article mentions the following:

A quant. structure-property relationship (QSPR) study is suggested for the prediction of lower flammability limits (LFLs) of organic compounds Various kinds of mol. descriptors were calculated to represent the mol. structures of compounds, such as topol., charge, and geometric descriptors. Genetic algorithm was employed to select optimal subset of descriptors that have significant contribution to the overall LFL property. The novel chemometrics method of support vector machine was employed to model the possible quant. relationship between these selected descriptors and LFL. The resulted model showed high prediction ability that the obtained root mean square error and average absolute error for the whole dataset were 0.069 and 0.051 volume%, resp. The results were also compared with those of previously published models. The comparison results indicate the superiority of the presented model and reveal that it can be effectively used to predict the LFL of organic compounds from the mol. structures alone. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol (cas: 20324-33-8HPLC of Formula: 20324-33-8).

1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol (cas: 20324-33-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.HPLC of Formula: 20324-33-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Selective Phase Transfer Reagents (OxP-crowns) for Chromogenic Detection of Nitrates Especially Ammonium Nitrate was written by Chahal, Mandeep K.;Payne, Daniel T.;Labuta, Jan;Karr, Paul A.;D′Souza, Francis;Ariga, Katsuhiko;Hill, Jonathan P.. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2020.Related Products of 66943-05-3 This article mentions the following:

Nitrogen and phosphorus-containing ions such as ammonium, nitrates and phosphates are anthropogenic pollutants while ammonium nitrate may be diverted for nefarious purposes in improvised explosive devices. Crown ether-oxoporphyrinogen conjugates (OxP-crowns) are used to selectively detect nitrates, especially their ion pairs with K⁺ and NH₄⁺, based on ion pair complexation of OxP-crowns under phase transfer conditions. The presence of phosphate and carbonate lead to deprotonation of OxP-crowns. OxP-1N18C6 is capable of extracting ion pairs with nitrate from aqueous phase leading to a selective chromogenic response. Deprotonation of the OxP moiety leads to [OxP^–]-1N18C6[K⁺] and is promoted by crown ether selective cation binding coupled with hydration of basic oxoanions, which are constrained to remain in the aqueous phase. This work illustrates the utility of mol. design to exploit partitioning and ion hydration effects establishing the selectivity of the chromogenic response. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Related Products of 66943-05-3).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Related Products of 66943-05-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Elemental fluorine Part 12. Fluorination of 1,4-disubstituted aromatic compounds was written by Chambers, R. D.;Hutchinson, J.;Sparrowhawk, M. E.;Sandford, G.;Moilliet, J. S.;Thomson, J.. And the article was included in Journal of Fluorine Chemistry in 2000.Reference of 104197-14-0 This article mentions the following:

Direct fluorination of 1,4-disubstituted benzenes in acid reaction media at convenient temperature leads, in many cases, to selectively fluorinated aromatic products in preparatively useful conversions and yields. Thus, treatment of 4-O₂NC₆H₄OH with F₂ in formic acid at 10° gave 70% 2-fluoro-4-nitrophenol and 8% 2,6-difluoro-4-nitrophenol with 75% conversion. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Bromo-2,6-difluoroanisole (cas: 104197-14-0Reference of 104197-14-0).

4-Bromo-2,6-difluoroanisole (cas: 104197-14-0) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Reference of 104197-14-0

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Periphery-modified crown ethers. Synthesis of bis-5,8-dimethoxy-1,4-methanonaphthalene-fused crown ethers was written by Chou, Teh-Chang;Chen, Shing-Yi;Chen, Yie-Hsung. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2003.Computed Properties of C11H22O5 This article mentions the following:

The easily accessible and multi-functionalized 5,8-dimethoxy-6,7-dihydroxy methyl-1,4-dihydro-1,4-methanonaphthalene (I) has been utilized as the basic building material to synthesize the sym. bis-methanonaphthalene-fused crown ethers (BMN-16-crown-4, BMN-22-crown-6, BMN-28-crown-8, and BMN-34-crown-10), that are constructed based on the connection between the α,β-bis-benzylic carbon atoms of diol I and oligoethylene glycols via two synthetic routes keyed upon the method of Williamson ether synthesis. These compounds are constructed based on the connection between the α,β,-bis-benzylic carbon atoms of diol and oligoethylene glycols via two synthetic routes keyed upon the method of Williamson ether synthesis. Crystal structures of one of the products (in syn- and anti-forms) are also reported. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-(2-((Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 60221-37-6Computed Properties of C11H22O5).

2-(2-(2-((Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 60221-37-6) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Computed Properties of C11H22O5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Ni-Catalyzed Reductive Coupling of Electron-Rich Aryl Iodides with Tertiary Alkyl Halides was written by Wang, Xuan;Ma, Guobin;Peng, Yu;Pitsch, Chloe E.;Moll, Brenda J.;Ly, Thu D.;Wang, Xiaotai;Gong, Hegui. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2018.Synthetic Route of C8H9IO This article mentions the following:

This work illustrates the reductive coupling of electron-rich aryl halides with tertiary alkyl halides under Ni-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling conditions, which offers an efficient protocol for the construction of all carbon quaternary stereogenic centers. The mild and easy-to-operate reaction tolerates a wide range of functional groups. The utility of this method is manifested by the preparation of cyclotryptamine derivatives, wherein successful incorporation of 7-indolyl moieties is of particular interest as numerous naturally occurring products are composed of these key scaffolds. DFT calculations have been carried out to investigate the proposed radical chain and double oxidative addition pathways, which provide useful mechanistic insights into the part of the reaction that takes place in solution In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Iodo-1-methoxy-2-methylbenzene (cas: 75581-11-2Synthetic Route of C8H9IO).

4-Iodo-1-methoxy-2-methylbenzene (cas: 75581-11-2) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Synthetic Route of C8H9IO

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Nematic tolanes and acetylenes was written by Skelton, Graham W.;Dong, Dewen;Tuffin, Rachel P.;Kelly, Stephen M.. And the article was included in Journal of Materials Chemistry in 2003.Synthetic Route of C18H18O This article mentions the following:

The 1st liquid crystals incorporating a nonconjugated C-C triple bond in the terminal chain to exhibit a nematic phase above the m.p. are reported. A variety of compounds incorporating a C-C triple bond in the terminal chain or between two Ph rings were synthesized as part of a study of the effects of the shape, conformation and rigidity of the terminal chains of liquid crystals on their mesophase behavior. Related tolanes incorporating an alkenyloxy chain with an addnl. C-C double bond or a simple alkoxy chain as a terminal substituent also were prepared for comparison purposes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methoxy-4-((4-propylphenyl)ethynyl)benzene (cas: 39969-26-1Synthetic Route of C18H18O).

1-Methoxy-4-((4-propylphenyl)ethynyl)benzene (cas: 39969-26-1) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Synthetic Route of C18H18O

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Identification and analysis of free and O-glycoside-bound volatile components in wild Rosa roxburghii juice was written by Zhou, Zhi;Wang, Xing-ping;Luo, Zu-you;Fan, Gang;Tian, Cheng;Tang, Qiao-yu;Pan, Si-yi. And the article was included in Shipin Kexue (Beijing, China) in 2012.Reference of 6972-61-8 This article mentions the following:

Wild Rosa roxburghii juice from Xuan En, E’ Zhou was extracted by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) to obtain free volatile components, and adsorbed with Amberlite XAD-2 column and hydrolyzed with β-glucosidase to release O-glycoside-bound volatile components. Both volatile compounds were analyzed by gas chromatog.-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The results indicated that there was a significant difference observed in the composition and contents of free volatile components and O-glycoside-bound volatile components. In total 38 free volatile compounds and 38 O-glycoside-bound volatile compounds were identified. The major free volatile compounds were (+)-limonene, leaf alc., Et butyrate, hexanol, styrene, Et isovalerate, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, γ-terpinene, β-myrcene, β-ocimene, 3-hexenyl butyrate, linalool, octanoic acid, Et caprylate and (-)-dipentene. Meanwhile, the major O-glycoside-bound volatile compounds were 4-hydroxycinnamic acid, 4’5′-dimethyl-2′-hydroxyacetophenone, octanoic acid, cinnamic acid, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid, benzyl alc., hexanoic acid, 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenol, leaf alc. and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid. In addition, 33 compounds were found only in the O-glycoside-bound volatile components, which were benzyl alc., phenylethyl alc., neroli, cinnamic acid, vanillic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid Et ester, eugenol, and so on. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid (cas: 6972-61-8Reference of 6972-61-8).

3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid (cas: 6972-61-8) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Reference of 6972-61-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

One-pot preparation of arylalkynes by a tandem catalytic iodination of arenes and palladium-catalyzed coupling of iodoarenes with terminal alkynes was written by Wan, Shun;Wang, Sunewang R.;Lu, Wenjun. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2006.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Iodination of activated arenes by air-oxidation was carried out in the presence of catalytic bismuth salts at room temperature Subsequently, the formed iodoarenes reacted with terminal alkynes to give arylalkynes under a selected palladium-catalyzed coupling condition in the same pot. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Iodo-1-methoxy-2-methylbenzene (cas: 75581-11-2Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

4-Iodo-1-methoxy-2-methylbenzene (cas: 75581-11-2) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Na⁺ Selective Fluorescent Tools Based on Fluorescence Intensity Enhancements, Lifetime Changes, and on a Ratiometric Response was written by Schwarze, Thomas;Riemer, Janine;Mueller, Holger;John, Leonard;Holdt, Hans-Juergen;Wessig, Pablo. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2019.Formula: C10H21NO4 This article mentions the following:

Over the years, we developed highly selective fluorescent probes for K⁺ in water, which show K⁺-induced fluorescence intensity enhancements, lifetime changes, or a ratiometric behavior at two emission wavelengths (cf. Scheme 1, K1-K4). In this paper, we introduce selective fluorescent probes for Na⁺ in water, which also show Na⁺ induced signal changes, which are analyzed by diverse fluorescence techniques. Initially, we synthesized the fluorescent probes 2, 4, 5, 6 and 10 for a fluorescence anal. by intensity enhancements at one wavelength by varying the Na⁺ responsive ionophore unit and the fluorophore moiety to adjust different K_d values for an intra- or extracellular Na⁺ anal. Thus, we found that 2, 4 and 5 are Na⁺ selective fluorescent tools, which are able to measure physiol. important Na⁺ levels at wavelengths higher than 500 nm. Secondly, we developed the fluorescent probes 7 and 8 to analyze precise Na⁺ levels by fluorescence lifetime changes. Herein, only 8 (K_d=106 mM) is a capable fluorescent tool to measure Na⁺ levels in blood samples by lifetime changes. Finally, the fluorescent probe 9 was designed to show a Na⁺ induced ratiometric fluorescence behavior at two emission wavelengths. As desired, 9 (K_d=78 mM) showed a ratiometric fluorescence response towards Na⁺ ions and is a suitable tool to measure physiol. relevant Na⁺ levels by the intensity change of two emission wavelengths at 404 nm and 492 nm. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Formula: C10H21NO4).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Formula: C10H21NO4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem