Tag: 200-300

In 2012,Tamura, Tomonori; Tsukiji, Shinya; Hamachi, Itaru published 《Native FKBP12 Engineering by Ligand-Directed Tosyl Chemistry: Labeling Properties and Application to Photo-Cross-Linking of Protein Complexes in Vitro and in Living Cells》.Journal of the American Chemical Society published the findings.Application of 139115-91-6 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The ability to modify target native (endogenous) proteins selectively in living cells with synthetic mols. should provide powerful tools for chem. biol. To this end, the authors recently developed a novel protein labeling technique termed ligand-directed tosyl (LDT) chem. This method uses labeling reagents in which a protein ligand and a synthetic probe are connected by a tosylate ester group. The authors previously demonstrated its applicability to the selective chem. labeling of several native proteins in living cells and mice. However, many fundamental features of this chem. remain to be studied. In this work, the authors investigated the relation between the LDT reagent structure and labeling properties by using native FK506-binding protein 12 (FKBP12) as a target protein. In vitro experiments revealed that the length and rigidity of the spacer structure linking the protein ligand and the tosylate group have significant effects on the overall labeling yield and labeling site. In addition to histidine, which the authors reported previously, tyrosine and glutamate residues were identified as amino acids that are modified by LDT-mediated labeling. Through the screening of various spacer structures, piperazine was optimal for FKBP12 labeling in terms of labeling efficiency and site specificity. Using a piperazine-based LDT reagent containing a photoreactive probe, the authors successfully demonstrated the labeling and UV-induced covalent crosslinking of FKBP12 and its interacting proteins in vitro and in living cells. This study not only furthers the understanding of the basic reaction properties of LDT chem. but also extends the applicability of this method to the investigation of biol. processes in mammalian cells. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6Application of 139115-91-6)

tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6) belongs to ethers. Ethers lack the hydroxyl groups of alcohols. Application of 139115-91-6 Without the strongly polarized O―H bond, ether molecules cannot engage in hydrogen bonding with each other.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

HPLC of Formula: 882-33-7In 2019 ,《Sulfonyl Fluoride Synthesis through Electrochemical Oxidative Coupling of Thiols and Potassium Fluoride》 was published in Journal of the American Chemical Society. The article was written by Laudadio, Gabriele; Bartolomeu, Aloisio de A.; Verwijlen, Lucas M. H. M.; Cao, Yiran; de Oliveira, Kleber T.; Noel, Timothy. The article contains the following contents:

Sulfonyl fluorides are valuable synthetic motifs for a variety of applications, among which sulfur(VI) fluoride exchange-based “”click chem.”” is currently the most prominent. Consequently, the development of novel and efficient synthetic methods to access these functional groups is of great interest. Herein, the authors report a mild and environmentally benign electrochem. approach to prepare sulfonyl fluorides using thiols or disulfides, as widely available starting materials, in combination with KF, as an inexpensive, abundant and safe fluoride source. No addnl. oxidants nor addnl. catalysts are required and, due to mild reaction conditions, the reaction displays a broad substrate scope, including a variety of alkyl, benzyl, aryl and heteroaryl thiols or disulfides. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 1,2-Diphenyldisulfane(cas: 882-33-7HPLC of Formula: 882-33-7)

1,2-Diphenyldisulfane(cas: 882-33-7) belongs to ethers.Although ethers resist hydrolysis, they are cleaved by hydrobromic acid and hydroiodic acid. Hydrogen chloride cleaves ethers only slowly. HPLC of Formula: 882-33-7

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

《The Conveyor Belt Umbrella Sampling (CBUS) Scheme: Principle and Application to the Calculation of the Absolute Binding Free Energies of Alkali Cations to Crown Ethers》 was published in Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation in 2020. These research results belong to Hahn, David F.; Zarotiadis, Rhiannon A.; Hunenberger, Philippe H.. Product Details of 33100-27-5 The article mentions the following:

We recently introduced a method called conveyor belt (CB) thermodn. integration (TI) for the calculation of alchem. free-energy differences based on mol. dynamics simulations. In the present work, the CBTI approach is generalized to conformational free-energy changes, i.e., to the determination of the potential of mean force (PMF) along a conformational coordinate ξ of interest. The proposed conveyor belt umbrella sampling (CBUS) scheme relies on the parallel simulation of K replicas k = 0,1, …, K – 1 of the system, with K even. For each replica k, the instantaneous value of ξ is restrained to an anchor value λk. The latter anchor points are equally spaced along a forward-turn-backward-turn path (i.e., a CB) between two extreme values defining the ξ-range of interest. The rotation of the CB is controlled by a variable Λ (range from 0 to 2π) which evolves dynamically along the simulation. The evolution of Λ results from the forces exerted by the restraining potentials on the anchor points, taken equal and opposite to those they exert on the replicas. Because these forces tend to cancel out along the CB, the dynamics of Λ is essentially diffusive, and the continuous distribution of ξ-values sampled by the replica system is automatically close to homogeneous. The latter feature represents an advantage over direct counting (DCNT) and traditional umbrella sampling (TRUS), shared to some extent with replica-exchange umbrella sampling (REUS). In this work, the CBUS scheme is introduced and compared to the three latter schemes in the calculation of 45 standard absolute binding free energies. These correspond to the binding of five alkali cations to three crown ethers in three solvents. Different free-energy estimators are considered for the PMF calculation, and the calculated values are also compared to those of a previous study relying on an alchem. path, as well as to exptl. data. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane(cas: 33100-27-5Product Details of 33100-27-5)

1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane(cas: 33100-27-5) is a member of crown ether Ligands. Crown-ethers are macrocyclic polyethers capable of forming host-guest complexes, especially with inorganic and organic cations. Crown-ethers can incorporate protonated primary amine compounds by formation of ion-dipole bonds with the oxygen atoms of the chiral selector. Crown-ethers have been widely used for the separation of several pharmaceuticals both in aqueous and non-aqueous media. Product Details of 33100-27-5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

《Dinitrogen Activation by a Heterometallic VFe Complex Derived from 1,1′-Bis(arylamido)vanadocene》 was published in European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry in 2020. These research results belong to Hatanaka, Tsubasa; Kusunose, Hinano; Kawaguchi, Hiroyuki; Funahashi, Yasuhiro. Category: ethers-buliding-blocks The article mentions the following:

For dinitrogen activation mediated by a heterobimetallic VFe complex, synthesis and reduction of a novel iron complex having 1,1′-bis(mesitylamido)vanadocene were performed. Reaction of the vanadocene ligand 2 with iron dichloride afforded a heterobimetallic VFe complex 3, characterized by x-ray crystallog. study. The mol. structure of the complex 3 showed the short V-Fe distance of 2.6373(3) Å, indicative of the bonding interaction between two metals. Reduction of the complex 3 with KC8 under a nitrogen atm. was found to result in the formation of a three-coordinate iron dinitrogen complex 4, in which the dinitrogen moiety shows one of the longest N-N bond lengths for iron dinitrogen complexes. Reduction of the complex 3 under an argon atm. was performed to isolate a reduced species [K(thf)5][3] as a reactive intermediate, whose structure was also determined by x-ray crystallog. After reading the article, we found that the author used 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane(cas: 33100-27-5Category: ethers-buliding-blocks)

1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane(cas: 33100-27-5) is a member of crown ether Ligands. Crown-ethers are macrocyclic polyethers capable of forming host-guest complexes, especially with inorganic and organic cations. Crown-ethers can incorporate protonated primary amine compounds by formation of ion-dipole bonds with the oxygen atoms of the chiral selector. Crown-ethers have been widely used for the separation of several pharmaceuticals both in aqueous and non-aqueous media. Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

The author of 《Mechanism of ε-caprolactone polymerization in the presence of alkali metal salts: investigation of initiation course and determination of polymers structure by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry》 were Grobelny, Zbigniew; Golba, Sylwia; Jurek-Suliga, Justyna. And the article was published in Polymer Bulletin (Heidelberg, Germany) in 2019. Quality Control of 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane The author mentioned the following in the article:

Various alkali metal salts were applied as initiators for ε-caprolactone anionic ring-opening polymerization in THF at room temperature It was observed that potassium methoxide (MeOK), potassium isopropoxide (i-PrOK) and potassium tert-butoxide (t-BuOK) nonactivated or activated by 18-crown-6 (18C6) initiated polymerization mainly by deprotonation of the monomer. In the case of potassium hydride (KH), its basicity increased with the ability of the ligand for cation complexation. For example, KH without ligand or with weak ligands for K+ as 12C4 reacted exclusively by ring opening. However, in the presence of strong ligands, as 15C5, 18C6 or cryptand C222, basicity of H- increased with the ability of the ligand for cation complexation. In the last case, ∼ 32% of the monomer was deprotonated. In these systems, gaseous H2 evolved during the initiation. Deprotonation of the monomer by some initiators resulted in macromols. with reactive aldehyde group or lactone ring as starting groups. They took part in the reaction with potassium alkoxide active centers of growing chains leading to the formation of branched poly(ε-caprolactone)s. Sodium hydride (NaH) was inactive, but in the presence of 15-crown-5 or 18-crown-6 initiated polymerization exclusively by ring opening. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry supported with 13C NMR and SEC was used for anal. of the polymers obtained. Mechanism of the studied processes was proposed and discussed. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane(cas: 33100-27-5Quality Control of 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane)

1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane(cas: 33100-27-5) is a member of crown ether Ligands. Crown-ethers are macrocyclic polyethers capable of forming host-guest complexes, especially with inorganic and organic cations. Crown-ethers can incorporate protonated primary amine compounds by formation of ion-dipole bonds with the oxygen atoms of the chiral selector. Crown-ethers have been widely used for the separation of several pharmaceuticals both in aqueous and non-aqueous media. Quality Control of 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

In 2012,Fujishima, Sho-hei; Yasui, Ryosuke; Miki, Takayuki; Ojida, Akio; Hamachi, Itaru published 《Ligand-Directed Acyl Imidazole Chemistry for Labeling of Membrane-Bound Proteins on Live Cells》.Journal of the American Chemical Society published the findings.SDS of cas: 139115-91-6 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Chem.-based protein labeling in living cells is undoubtedly useful for understanding natural protein functions and for biol./pharmaceutical applications. Here, the authors report a novel approach for endogenous membrane-bound protein labeling for both in vitro and live cell conditions. A moderately reactive alkyloxyacyl imidazole (AI) assisted by ligand-binding affinity (ligand-directed AI (LDAI)) chem. allowed the authors to selectively modify natural proteins, such as dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) and folate receptor (FR), neither of which could be efficiently labeled using the recently developed ligand-directed tosylate approach. It was clear that LDAI selectively labeled a single Lys(K32) in DHFR, proximal to the ligand-binding pocket. The authors also demonstrate that the fluorescein-labeled (endogenous, by LDAI) FR works as a fluorescent biosensor on the live KB cell surface, which allowed the authors to carry out unprecedented in situ kinetic anal. of ligand binding to FR. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6SDS of cas: 139115-91-6)

tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6) belongs to ethers.The C-O bonds that comprise simple ethers are strong. SDS of cas: 139115-91-6 They are unreactive toward all but the strongest bases. Although generally of low chemical reactivity, they are more reactive than alkanes.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

《Control of Crystallinity and Stereocomplexation of Synthetic Carbohydrate Polymers from D- and L-Xylose》 was written by McGuire, Thomas M.; Bowles, Jessica; Deane, Edward; Farrar, Elliot H. E.; Grayson, Matthew N.; Buchard, Antoine. Quality Control of 1,4,7,10,13-PentaoxacyclopentadecaneThis research focused onxylose polymer crystallinity stereocomplexation; carbohydrates; polyether; polysaccharide mimics; ring-opening polymerisation; stereocomplex; xylose. The article conveys some information:

Manipulating the stereochem. of polymers is a powerful method to alter their phys. properties. Despite the chirality of monosaccharides, reports on the impact of stereochem. in natural polysaccharides and synthetic carbohydrate polymers remain absent. Herein, we report the cocrystn. of regio- and stereoregular polyethers derived from D- and L-xylose, leading to enhanced thermal properties compared to the enantiopure polymers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of a stereocomplex between carbohydrate polymers of opposite chirality. In contrast, atactic polymers obtained from a racemic mixture of monomers are amorphous. We also show that the polymer hydroxyl groups are amenable to post-polymerization functionalization. These strategies afford a family of carbohydrate polyethers, the phys. and chem. properties of which can both be controlled, and which opens new possibilities for polysaccharide mimics in biomedical applications or as advanced materials. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane(cas: 33100-27-5Quality Control of 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane)

1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane(cas: 33100-27-5) is a member of crown ether Ligands. Crown-ethers are macrocyclic polyethers capable of forming host-guest complexes, especially with inorganic and organic cations. Crown-ethers can incorporate protonated primary amine compounds by formation of ion-dipole bonds with the oxygen atoms of the chiral selector. Crown-ethers have been widely used for the separation of several pharmaceuticals both in aqueous and non-aqueous media. Quality Control of 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Safety of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamateIn 2015 ,《Covalent Protein Labeling by Enzymatic Phosphocholination》 appeared in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition. The author of the article were Heller, Katharina; Ochtrop, Philipp; Albers, Michael F.; Zauner, Florian B.; Itzen, Aymelt; Hedberg, Christian. The article conveys some information:

We present a new protein labeling method based on the covalent enzymic phosphocholination of a specific octapeptide amino acid sequence in intact proteins. The bacterial enzyme AnkX from Legionella pneumophila has been established to transfer functional phosphocholine moieties from synthetically produced CDP-choline derivatives to N-termini, C-termini, and internal loop regions in proteins of interest. Furthermore, the covalent modification can be hydrolytically removed by the action of the Legionella enzyme Lem3. Only a short peptide sequence (eight amino acids) is required for efficient protein labeling and a small linker group (PEG-phosphocholine) is introduced to attach the conjugated cargo. In addition to this study using tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate, there are many other studies that have used tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6Safety of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate) was used in this study.

tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6) belongs to ethers. Ethers lack the hydroxyl groups of alcohols. Safety of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate Without the strongly polarized O―H bond, ether molecules cannot engage in hydrogen bonding with each other.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

《Novel anti-Alzheimer phenol-lipoyl hybrids: synthesis, physico-chemical characterization, and biological evaluation》 was published in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2020. These research results belong to Pagoni, Aikaterini; Marinelli, Lisa; Di Stefano, Antonio; Ciulla, Michele; Turkez, Hasan; Mardinoglu, Adil; Vassiliou, Stamatia; Cacciatore, Ivana. Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate The article mentions the following:

To date, drugs that hit a single target are inadequate for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s diseases. The development of multitarget ligands, able to interact with the different pathways involved in the progression of these disorders, represents a great challenge for medicinal chemists. In this context, we report here the synthesis and biol. evaluation of phenol-lipoyl hybrids (SV1-13), obtained via a linking strategy, to take advantage of the synergistic effect due to the antioxidant portions and anti-amyloid properties of the single constituents present in the hybrid mol. Biol. results showed that SV5 (I) and SV10 (II) possessed the best protective activity against Aβ1-42 induced neurotoxicity in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. SV9 (III) and II showed remarkable antioxidant properties due to their ability to counteract the damage caused by H2O2 in SHSY-5Y-treated cells. Hovewer, I, showing moderate antioxidant and good neuroprotective activities, resulted the best candidate for further experiments since it also resulted stable both simulated and plasma fluids.tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate) was used in this study.

tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6) belongs to ethers.Although ethers resist hydrolysis, they are cleaved by hydrobromic acid and hydroiodic acid. Hydrogen chloride cleaves ethers only slowly. Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

The author of 《Transition Metal-Free Oxidative Coupling of Primary Amines in Polyethylene Glycol at Room Temperature: Synthesis of Imines, Azobenzenes, Benzothiazoles, and Disulfides》 were Hudwekar, Abhinandan D.; Verma, Praveen K.; Kour, Jaspreet; Balgotra, Shilpi; Sawant, Sanghapal D.. And the article was published in European Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2019. Recommanded Product: 882-33-7 The author mentioned the following in the article:

A transition metal-free protocol has been developed for the oxidative coupling of primary amines to imines and azobenzenes, thiols to disulfides, and 2-aminothiophenols to benzothiazoles, offering excellent yields. The advantageous features of the present environmentally benign methodol. include the usage of biocompatible and green reaction conditions such as, solvent, room temperature reactions and transition metal-free approach. Moreover, it offers a broader substrate scope. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 1,2-Diphenyldisulfane(cas: 882-33-7Recommanded Product: 882-33-7)

1,2-Diphenyldisulfane(cas: 882-33-7) belongs to ethers.Oxygen is more electronegative than carbon, thus the alpha hydrogens of ethers are more acidic than those of simple hydrocarbons. They are far less acidic than alpha hydrogens of carbonyl groups (such as in ketones or aldehydes), however. Recommanded Product: 882-33-7

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem