Tag: 200-300

Selective removal of ⁹⁰Sr and ⁶⁰Co from aqueous solution using N-aza-crown ether functional poly(NIPAM) hydrogels was written by Deli, Dario;Law, Kathleen;Liu, Zuguang;Crouch, David J.;Livens, Francis R.;Yeates, Stephen G.. And the article was included in Reactive & Functional Polymers in 2012.Name: 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane This article mentions the following:

The ability of temperature and pH responsive cross-linked poly(NIPAM-co-AAc) hydrogel beads containing covalently bound N-aza-crown ethers to selectively complex ⁹⁰Sr and ⁶⁰Co under competitive and non-competitive conditions is demonstrated using a combination of autoradiog. and scintillation measurements. Due to the presence of copolymerized acrylic acid, which is incorporated to introduce pH responsive behavior as well as acting as the site of covalent attachment of the N-aza-crown ether, the decrease in particle diameter as a function of increasing temperature on going through the LCST of PNIPAM is reduced in the presence of electrolyte. At pH 2 no complexation of either ⁹⁰Sr or ⁶⁰Co was observed At pH 7 the incorporation of acrylic acid under non-competitive conditions results in the ability to complex ca. 90% ⁹⁰Sr and ⁶⁰Co which increases to between 94% and 96% on inclusion of N-aza-crown ether. Under competitive conditions the hydrogels lose the ability to selectively complex ⁹⁰Sr, although the selectivity for ⁶⁰Co was enhanced in the presence of N-aza-crown ether. Subsequent recovery of bound ⁶⁰Co from the hydrogel on lowering to pH 2 was only partially successful, and lead to a decrease in the swelling behavior on readjustment to pH 7. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Name: 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Name: 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

In vitro and in silico evaluations of diarylpentanoid series as α-glucosidase inhibitor was written by Leong, Sze Wei;Abas, Faridah;Lam, Kok Wai;Yusoff, Khatijah. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2018.Application In Synthesis of 3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid This article mentions the following:

A series of thirty-four diarylpentanoids derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Eleven compounds were found to significantly inhibit α-glucosidase in which some compounds demonstrated the highest activity with IC₅₀ values ranging from 14.1 to 15.1 μM. Structure-activity comparison shows that multiple hydroxy groups are essential for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Meanwhile, 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl and furanyl moieties were found to be crucial in improving α-glucosidase inhibition. Mol. docking analyses further confirmed the critical role of both 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl and furanyl moieties as they bound to α-glucosidase active site in different mode. Overall result suggests that diarylpentanoids with both five membered heterocyclic ring and polyhydroxyphenyl moiety could be a new lead design in the search of novel α-glucosidase inhibitor. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid (cas: 6972-61-8Application In Synthesis of 3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid).

3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid (cas: 6972-61-8) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Application In Synthesis of 3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Structure-property relationship of light-responsive wormlike micelles using methoxycinnamate derivatives as light-switchable molecules was written by Liu, Tongqing;Xue, Fangfang;Yi, Ping;Xia, Zhiyu;Dong, Jinfeng;Li, Xuefeng. And the article was included in Wuli Huaxue Xuebao in 2020.Product Details of 6972-61-8 This article mentions the following:

In this work, light-responsive viscoelastic wormlike micelles based on cetyltrimethylammonium hydroxide (CTAOH) and cinnamic acid derivatives, including cinnamic acid (CA), 2-methoxycinnamic acid (2-MCA), 3-methoxycinnamic acid (3-MCA), 4-methoxycinnamic acid (4-MCA), 2,3-dimethoxycinnamic acid (2,3-DMCA), 2,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid (2,4-DMCA), 2,3,4-trimethoxycinnamic acid (2,3,4-DMCA), and 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid (3,4,5-DMCA), were prepared The effects of the CA derivative structures, especially the position and number of methoxy moieties, on the formation of wormlike micelles were systematically determined The CA derivatives facilitated the formation of long and entangled wormlike micelles. ¹H NMR results showed that the CA derivatives participated in the formation of wormlike micelles via insertion of the aromatic moieties into the aggregates. The number of methoxy moieties had a much stronger effect on the viscosity of the wormlike micelle solution than the position of this moiety. The larger the number of methoxy moiety, the smaller was the aggregate. Substituted methoxy moieties increased the steric hindrance between the surfactants and CA mols., thus hindering the formation of large aggregates. However, the position of the methoxy moiety had a predominant effect on the UV-light-induced transition of the wormlike micelles. Specifically, the ortho-methoxy moiety in the CA mols. dramatically enhanced the efficiency of UV-light-induced trans-cis isomerization. For example, the 2-MCA/CTAOH, 3-MCA/CTAOH, and 4-MCA/CTAOH binary systems (90 mmol·L^-1/100 mmol·L^-1) were gel-like with similar viscosities of around 20 Pa·s, but after UV light irradiation, they were transformed into a fluid with lower viscosity because of the formation of smaller aggregates. However, the irradiation time required for the transition varied significantly, as suggested by the results of viscosity measurements and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The 2-MCA/CTAOH system underwent complete phase transition within 3 h, whereas continuous transitions were observed for the 3-MCA/CTAOH and 4-MCA/CTAOH systems upon irradiation for 24 h. ¹H NMR results suggested that the change in the configuration of MCA in the micelles before and after irradiation was the major cause of the abovementioned difference in the phase transition pattern. Initially, all the aromatic moieties of the trans-2-MCA mols. were deeply inserted into the hydrophobic cores of the micelles in a vertical manner, and the ionized carboxyl moiety was located in the palisade layer because of the electrostatic interactions between CTAOH and trans-2-MCA. In contrast, cis-2-MCA was inserted into the micelles in a horizontal manner, and some of the protons in the aromatic moiety were also transferred from the micellar core to the polar palisade layer. Accordingly, the CTAOH and cis-2-MCA mols. were packed loosely in the aggregates, thereby resulting in the formation of spherical micelles. Similar UV-light-induced transitions were observed for the 3-MCA/CTAOH and 4-MCA/CTAOH systems. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid (cas: 6972-61-8Product Details of 6972-61-8).

3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid (cas: 6972-61-8) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Product Details of 6972-61-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Estimation and identification of non-polar compounds in clarithromycin bulk drug by high-performance liquid chromatography was written by Gorski, R. J.;Morgan, D. K.;Sarocka, C.;Plasz, A. C.. And the article was included in Journal of Chromatography in 1991.Reference of 1132-95-2 This article mentions the following:

A HPLC method was developed to estimate and identify the non-polar related substances and process impurities that elute after N-dimethyl-N-formyl-6-O-methylerythromycin A in clarithromycin (I) bulk drug. This method separates at least 15 compounds from the I peak. All of the non-polar compounds can be detected at the 0.02% (weight/weight) level. Five bulk drug lots were examined for late-eluting compounds The total related substances ranged from <0.10 to <0.25%. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,1-Diisopropoxycyclohexane (cas: 1132-95-2Reference of 1132-95-2).

1,1-Diisopropoxycyclohexane (cas: 1132-95-2) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Reference of 1132-95-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Rapid Crosslinking of Epoxy Thermosets Induced by Solvate Ionic Liquids was written by Hameed, Nishar;Eyckens, Daniel J.;Long, Benjamin M.;Salim, Nisa V.;Capricho, Jaworski C.;Servinis, Linden;De Souza, Mandy;Perus, Magenta D.;Varley, Russell J.;Henderson, Luke C.. And the article was included in ACS Applied Polymer Materials in 2020.Quality Control of 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane This article mentions the following:

The high-volume manufacture of fiber-reinforced composites faces a huge challenge because long resin curing times put a low ceiling on the total output of parts produced per yr. To translate the benefits from using epoxy in large-volume production platforms, cure cycle times of less than 1 min must be achieved. In this work, we report solvate ionic liquids (SILs) as simple and efficient rapid curing catalytic additives in epoxy systems. Ultrafast curing was observed at low levels of 1-5% of SIL in epoxy resin, and the cure rate is enhanced up to 26-fold without compromising the mech. and thermal properties. Further investigations revealed that enhancement in the cure rate is dependent on the type of SILs employed, influenced by the metal center, the ligands around the metal, and the identity of the counter anion. The relative Lewis acidity of each of the active complexes was calculated, and the rapid cure effect was attributed to the activation of the epoxide moiety via the Lewis acidic nature of the SIL. Making epoxy thermosets rapidly processable enables enormous benefits, finding applications in a whole variety of transformation methods that exist for traditional glass and metals. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Quality Control of 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Quality Control of 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Borylation of Unactivated Aryl Chlorides under Mild Conditions by Using Diisopropylaminoborane as a Borylating Reagent was written by Guerrand, Helene D. S.;Marciasini, Ludovic D.;Jousseaume, Melissa;Vaultier, Michel;Pucheault, Mathieu. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2014.Related Products of 365564-07-4 This article mentions the following:

The synthesis of arylboronic ester derivatives from aryl chlorides by using aryl(amino)boranes is described. Palladium-catalyzed coupling between aryl chlorides and diisopropylaminoborane leads to the formation of a C-B bond under mild conditions. A wide range of functional groups are tolerated, making this method particularly useful for the borylation of functionalized aromatics In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4Related Products of 365564-07-4).

2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Related Products of 365564-07-4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Alkali metal ion sensing using absorbance changes based on aggregation of silica nanoparticles modified chemically with crown ethers was written by Nakahara, Yoshio;Hayashi, Takafumi;Kawa, Haruna;Kimura, Keiichi. And the article was included in Chemistry Letters in 2011.HPLC of Formula: 66943-05-3 This article mentions the following:

Crown-ether-modified SiO₂ nanoparticles (Crown-SNPs) were prepared by simple chem. modifications of SiO₂ nanoparticles. The organic moiety introduced into SiO₂ nanoparticles was characterized by solid-state ¹³C NMR and elemental anal. No morphol. damage of SiO₂ nanoparticles was recognized according to SEM observation. When an alkali metal salt was added to a solution containing crown-SNPs, the absorbance changes, whose extent was dependent on the kind and the concentration of a metal ion, were observed In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3HPLC of Formula: 66943-05-3).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.HPLC of Formula: 66943-05-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Spectral characterization of coumarins and cinnamic acids was written by Mendez, Jesus;Lojo, M. I.. And the article was included in Microchemical Journal in 1969.Formula: C11H12O4 This article mentions the following:

The wavelengths of maximum absorption (in the range 220-450 nm) are given for 6-hydroxy-, 4-methyl-6,7-dihydroxy -, 6-hydroxy-7-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-, 6-methoxy-7-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy]-, 6-methoxy-7-[(6-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-, 7,8-dihydroxy-, 7-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-8-hydroxy-coumarin, dihydroxy- and dimethoxycinnamic acids, 2-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid, Me 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamate, and 3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxycinnamic acid in MeOH and in MeOH solutions containing NaOAc, H3BO3, AlCl3, NaBH4, and NaOH. A structural correlation for the spectral data was obtained only for the 5 coumarins naturally occurring in plants. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid (cas: 6972-61-8Formula: C11H12O4).

3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid (cas: 6972-61-8) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Formula: C11H12O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Preparation and Application of Aza-15-crown-5-capped Methylcalix[4]resorcinarene-Bonded Silica Particles for Use as Chiral Stationary Phase in HPLC was written by Ma, Mingxuan;Wei, Qunli;Meng, Min;Yin, Jiale;Shan, Yu;Du, Lei;Zhu, Xia;Soh, Shu Fang;Min, Mengjun;Zhou, Xueyan;Yin, Xiaoxing;Gong, Yinhan. And the article was included in Chromatographia in 2017.HPLC of Formula: 66943-05-3 This article mentions the following:

Abstract: Aza-15-crown-5-capped (3-(C-methylcalix[4]resorcinarene)-2-hydroxypropoxy)-propylsilyl (MCR-HP)-appended silica particles (15C5-MCR-HPS), a new type of substituted C-methylcalix[4]resorcinarene (MCR)-bonded chiral stationary phase (CSP) for high-performance liquid chromatog. (HPLC), have been synthesized by reaction of bromoacetate-substituted MCR-HPS with excessive aza-15-crown-5 in anhydrous acetonitrile in the presence of potassium carbonate. The bonded phase 15C5-MCR-HPS is characterized by elemental anal. and further evaluated by separating several disubstituted benzenes and some chiral drug compounds in HPLC. The new CSP has a chiral selector with two recognition sites: 15-crown-5 and MCR-HP, which can provide cooperative multiple interactions with solutes to enhance chiral recognition and to improve chromatog. separation The chromatog. evaluation results show that 15C5-MCR-HPS has excellent selectivity for the separation of aromatic positional isomers and enantiomers of some chiral compounds under multiple-mode mobile phase conditions including normal phase, reversed phase, and polar organic mobile phase conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3HPLC of Formula: 66943-05-3).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.HPLC of Formula: 66943-05-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

A unified strategy for silver-, base-, and oxidant-free direct arylation of C-H bonds was written by Sahoo, Manoj K.;Midya, Siba P.;Landge, Vinod G.;Balaraman, Ekambaram. And the article was included in Green Chemistry in 2017.Formula: C12H17NO2 This article mentions the following:

Herein, a dual catalytic approach for room temperature direct arylation of C-H bonds with aryldiazonium salts as a simple aryl group donor, also working as an internal oxidant via C-N₂ bond cleavage is reported. This unified strategy has been achieved by the synergistic combination of visible-light metal-free photoredox and palladium catalysis under silver-, base- and/or additive-free conditions. The broad substrate scope, functional group tolerance, excellent regioselectivity and redox-neutral conditions of this process make it attractive for the effective synthesis of a wide range of important N-heterocyclic commodities such as dibenzo[b,d]azepine, carbazole and phenanthridine. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)pivalamide (cas: 56619-93-3Formula: C12H17NO2).

N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)pivalamide (cas: 56619-93-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Formula: C12H17NO2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem