Tag: 200-300

A protecting group-free divergent synthesis of natural benzofurans via one-pot synthesis of 2-bromo-6-hydroxybenzofurans was written by Sivaraman, Aneesh;Harmalkar, Dipesh S.;Kang, Jiyoon;Choi, Yongseok;Lee, Kyeong. And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2019.HPLC of Formula: 365564-07-4 This article mentions the following:

The first one-pot strategy for the efficient synthesis of 2-bromo-6-hydroxybenzofurans was reported. The present protocol provided shorter routes for the synthesis of moracins M, N, O and P; gramniphenols F and G; and morunigrol C using a protecting group-free approach. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4HPLC of Formula: 365564-07-4).

2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.HPLC of Formula: 365564-07-4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Directed C-H Dienylation of Anilides with Allenes Leads to Highly Conjugated Systems was written by Ghosh, Chiranjit;Nagtilak, Prajyot Jayadev;Kapur, Manmohan. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2019.Safety of N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)pivalamide This article mentions the following:

Allenes are unique coupling partners in transition-metal-catalyzed C-H functionalization leading to a variety of products via alkenylation, allenylation, allylation, and annulation reactions. The outcome is governed by both the reactivity of the allene and the formation and stability of the organometallic intermediate. An efficient Rh(III)-catalyzed, weakly coordinating group-directed dienylation of electronically unbiased allenes is developed using an N-acyl amino acid as a ligand. Further elaboration of the dienylated products to construct polycyclic compounds is also described. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)pivalamide (cas: 56619-93-3Safety of N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)pivalamide).

N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)pivalamide (cas: 56619-93-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Safety of N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)pivalamide

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Hydrothermal carbonization as a sustainable strategy for integral valorisation of apple waste was written by Suarez, Loreto;Benavente-Ferraces, Iria;Plaza, Cesar;de Pascual-Teresa, Sonia;Suarez-Ruiz, Isabel;Centeno, Teresa A.. And the article was included in Bioresource Technology in 2020.Application In Synthesis of 3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid This article mentions the following:

Hydrothermal carbonization makes feasible the integral and profitable recovery of industrial apple waste within a zero-residue bio-economy. 82-96% of the energy and 80-93% of the C in the apple bagasse are retained in the solids generated by hydrothermal treatment at 180 and 230°C for 2 and 4 h. Such processes stabilize the apple waste and lead to CO₂ neutral solid fuels with calorific value close to 30 MJ/kg. The agrochem. properties of the solid byproducts suggest their potential to improve soil quality. Aqueous streams containing valuable phenolic compounds and saturated fatty acids are generated simultaneously, which provide addnl. cost-effectiveness. The byproducts characteristics can be suited to the final application by selecting the reaction temperature, whereas the process duration has less impact. Optical microscopy and reflectance measurements are presented, for the first time, as powerful tools for assessing the biomass transformation when subjected to hydrothermal treatment under different conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid (cas: 6972-61-8Application In Synthesis of 3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid).

3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid (cas: 6972-61-8) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Application In Synthesis of 3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Iodination of Methylated Anisoles: Unusual Aryl Methyl Replacements and Oxidations was written by Panetta, Charles A.;Fang, Zheng;Mattern, Daniell L.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 1995.Formula: C8H9IO This article mentions the following:

The treatment of methylated anisoles with iodine, periodic acid, sulfuric acid, and aqueous acetic acid has resulted in iododemethylations and/or aryl Me oxidations in addition to the expected mono- and diiodinations of the aromatic ring. Four dimethylanisoles and o-methylanisole were treated under identical conditions. Iododemethylations were observed in three of the four dimethylanisoles and aryl Me oxidations to benzaldehydes occurred with o-methylanisole and two of the dimethylanisoles. No precedence could be found for either of these reactions under the exptl. conditions employed. Several possible mechanisms are discussed for these transformations. Some exptl. evidence suggests that Me oxidation to a benzaldehyde could be a prerequisite for an iododemethylation via an iodonium ion-assisted reverse Gattermann-Koch reaction: single-electron-transfer or classical electrophilic mechanisms are also consistent with the iododemethylations. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Iodo-1-methoxy-2-methylbenzene (cas: 75581-11-2Formula: C8H9IO).

4-Iodo-1-methoxy-2-methylbenzene (cas: 75581-11-2) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Formula: C8H9IO

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Metal catalysis in aliphatic isocyanate-alcohol reactions was written by Oberth, Adolf E.;Bruenner, Rolf S.. And the article was included in Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Fundamentals in 1969.Reference of 20324-33-8 This article mentions the following:

A number of metal catalysts for the aliphatic isocyanate-alc. reaction were studied. Partial alcoholysis of the metal compound is required for the activation of the alc. Compounds which suppress alcoholysis also reduce the catalytic activity. The equilibrium involving the alcoholytic products can account for the effects of concentration of catalyst, alc., and alcoholytic products on the rate of the catalyzed reaction. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol (cas: 20324-33-8Reference of 20324-33-8).

1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol (cas: 20324-33-8) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Reference of 20324-33-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Human body odor discrimination by GC-MS spectra data mining was written by Jha, Sunil Kr.;Marina, Ninoslav;Liu, Chuanjun;Hayashi, Kenshi. And the article was included in Analytical Methods in 2015.Reference of 66943-05-3 This article mentions the following:

The present study explores individual identity perception by analyzing the chem. peak information in the gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) spectra of body odor samples with standard data mining approaches. Mainly, the principal component anal. (PCA) method is chosen for the visual discrimination of the body odor samples in feature space. PCA in combination with the support vector machine (SVM) method is used for quant. recognition. GC-MS characterization confirms the composition of numerous chem. species (aldehydes, acids, ketones, esters, sulfides etc.) in the body odor samples. The GC-MS spectra of body odor samples from the armpit and neck of three people (from dissimilar age groups) at two different sampling times (0 h and 4 h) were recorded in the experiment A few blank (non-body odor) samples were also characterized with GC-MS and included as references in further anal. by the data mining methods. The discrimination efficiency (both qual. and quant.) for the individual body odors was evaluated for (i) three variables of chem. information in the GC-MS spectra (the peak area, peak height and ratio of peak area to height); (ii) two sampling times (0 h and 4 h); and (iii) two sampling parts of the body (the neck and armpit). The best visual discrimination of the individual body odors has been achieved using the peak height as a variable for the neck odor with a sampling time of 4 h. This result has been established with class separability measures calculated with principal component (PC) scores and SVM classification outcomes (86%). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Reference of 66943-05-3).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Reference of 66943-05-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Iron-Catalyzed Borylation of Aryl Ethers via Cleavage of C-O Bonds was written by Zeng, Xiaoqin;Zhang, Yuxuan;Liu, Zhengli;Geng, Shasha;He, Yun;Feng, Zhang. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2020.Application In Synthesis of 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane This article mentions the following:

Herein, the iron-catalyzed borylation of aryl ethers and aryl amines via cleavage of C-O and C-N bonds is reported. This protocol does not require the use of Grignard reagents and displays a broad substrate scope, which allows the late-stage borylation. It also provides facile access to multisubstituted arenes through C-H functionalization using 2-pyridyloxy as the directing group. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4Application In Synthesis of 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane).

2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Application In Synthesis of 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Multigram Synthesis of Well-Defined Extended Bifunctional Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Chains was written by Loiseau, Francois A.;Hii, King Kuok;Hill, Alison M.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2004.Formula: C11H22O5 This article mentions the following:

A series of novel, well-defined, unsym. poly(ethylene glycol) chains of the type X(OCH₂CH₂)_nY (where X = protecting group; Y = nucleofuge or a different protecting group; n = 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 24) were prepared in high yields by applying orthogonal protecting groups. The purity of the compounds was fully verified by elemental and high-resolution mass spectrometry analyses. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-(2-((Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 60221-37-6Formula: C11H22O5).

2-(2-(2-((Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 60221-37-6) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Formula: C11H22O5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Micellar propolis nanoformulation of high antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity was written by Tzankova, Virginia;Aluani, Denitsa;Yordanov, Yordan;Kondeva-Burdina, Magdalena;Petrov, Petar;Bankova, Vassya;Simeonova, Rumiana;Vitcheva, Vessela;Odjakov, Feodor;Apostolov, Alexander;Tzankov, Borislav;Yoncheva, Krassimira. And the article was included in Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia in 2019.Recommanded Product: 3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid This article mentions the following:

The present study reports a promising antioxidant protection by a recently developed micellar propolis formulation, against oxidative stress in in vitro and in vivo models of toxicity. The formulation, based on poplar propolis encapsulated in poly(ethylene oxide)-β-poly(propylene oxide)-β-poly(ethylene oxide) triblock copolymer (PEO26-PPO40-PEO26) micelles is characterized by small size (Dh = 20 nm), enhances aqueous solubility and good colloidal stability. In vitro, propolis-loaded PEO26-PPO40-PEO26 micelles (20-100 μg/mL) significantly increased the cell viability of human hepatoma HepG2 cells, subjected to H2O2-induced cell injury (0.1 mM, 1 h). Antioxidant activity and protection of the micellar propolis were evaluated in a model of carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats (10% CCl4 solution, 1.25 mL/kg, p.o.) by measurement of non-enzyme (malondialdehyde and glutathione) and enzyme (catalase and superoxide dismutase) biomarkers of oxidative stress. Clinic observations, hematol., biochem. parameters and histol. anal. were also performed. In vivo, micellar propolis (20 mg/kg b.w., p.o., 14 days) ameliorated CCl4-induced acute liver injury in rats. The oral administration of micellar propolis significantly prevented serum transaminase increases, as well as brought the levels of malondialdehyde, glutathione, and antioxidant enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase toward the controls levels. Therefore, PEO26-PPO40-PEO26 micelles could be considered as a promising oral delivery system of propolis against oxidative stress injury in liver cells. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid (cas: 6972-61-8Recommanded Product: 3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid).

3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid (cas: 6972-61-8) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Recommanded Product: 3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis and crystal structure of erythromycin A 9-(1-iso-propoxycyclohexyl)oxime was written by Liang, Jian-Hua;Yao, Guo-Wei;Zhao, Xin-Qi. And the article was included in Youji Huaxue in 2003.Related Products of 1132-95-2 This article mentions the following:

E- and Z-isomers of erythromycin A 9-(1-iso-propoxycyclohexyl)oxime have been synthesized and characterized. The crystal structure of E-isomer was determined by X-ray single-crystal structure anal. The crystal belongs to orthorhombic system, P2₁2₁2₁ space group with a = 2.3101(5) nm, b =2.3761(5) an, c =0.97066 (19) nm, V=5.3279(18) nm³, Z=4, μ = 0.088 mm^-1, F(000) =2064, D₁ = 1.176 g/cm3, R1 =0.0505, wR₂ = 0.0775 for 6747 unique reflections. The torsion angles of its fourteen-member erythrolide clearly elucidated the origin of regioselectivity occurring at 6-hydroxy in the O-methylation of erythromycin A. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,1-Diisopropoxycyclohexane (cas: 1132-95-2Related Products of 1132-95-2).

1,1-Diisopropoxycyclohexane (cas: 1132-95-2) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Related Products of 1132-95-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem