Month: October 2022

In 2022,Gao, Mengnan; Lan, Jiaqi; Fu, Yongzhu; Guo, Wei published an article in ChemSusChem. The title of the article was 《Biomass-Derived Lenthionine Enhanced by Radical Receptor for Rechargeable Lithium Battery》.Electric Literature of C12H10S2 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Organic compounds with tunable structures and high capacities are promising electrode materials for batteries. Cyclic organosulfide (i. e., lenthionine), as a natural material that can provide excellent ratio of effective atoms (S) and non-efficient atoms (C, H, and others), has a high theor. specific capacity of 853.6 mAh g-1. However, the multiphase transformation causes rapid capacity decay and hysteresis of charge/discharge voltage plateaus. To overcome these issues, a receptor, Ph disulfide (PDS), was introduced to truncate subsequent transformations directly from the source and change the reaction path, inhibit the capacity decay, and improve the cycling stability. After 500 cycles, the capacity retention was 81.1% with PDS, which was in sharp contrast to that (35.6%) of the control cell. This study helps to understand the electrochem. mechanism of biomass-derived lenthionine used as a high-capacity cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries, also offering a strategy to overcome its inherent issues. In addition to this study using 1,2-Diphenyldisulfane, there are many other studies that have used 1,2-Diphenyldisulfane(cas: 882-33-7Electric Literature of C12H10S2) was used in this study.

1,2-Diphenyldisulfane(cas: 882-33-7) belongs to ethers.Electric Literature of C12H10S2Although ethers resist hydrolysis, they are cleaved by hydrobromic acid and hydroiodic acid. Hydrogen chloride cleaves ethers only slowly.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Quality Control of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamateIn 2020 ,《Reaction-based amine and alcohol gases detection with triazine ionic liquid materials》 appeared in Molecules. The author of the article were Li, Hsin-Yi; Chu, Yen-Ho. The article conveys some information:

The use of affinity ionic liquids, I and II, for chemoselective detection of amine and alc. gases on a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) was reported. These detections of gaseous amines and alcs. were achieved by nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions with the electrophilic 1,3,5-triazine-based affinity ionic liquids, I thin-coated on quartz chips. Starting with inexpensive reagents, bicyclic imidazolium ionic liquids, I and II were readily synthesized in six and four synthetic steps with high isolated yields: 51% and 63%, resp. The QCM platform developed in this work was readily applicable and highly sensitive to low mol. weight amine gases: for isobutylamine gas (a bacterial volatile) at 10 Hz decrease in resonance frequency (i.e., ΔF = -10 Hz), the detectability using affinity ionic liquids, I was 6.3 ppb. Our preliminary investigation on detection of the much less nucleophilic alc. gas by affinity ionic liquids, I was also promising. To our knowledge, no example to date of reports based on nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions demonstrating sensitive gas detection in these triazine ionic liquids on a QCM was reported. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6Quality Control of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate)

tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6) belongs to ethers. Ethers lack the hydroxyl groups of alcohols. Quality Control of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate Without the strongly polarized O―H bond, ether molecules cannot engage in hydrogen bonding with each other.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Category: ethers-buliding-blocksIn 2019 ,《5-Norbornene-2-carboxylic acid: Another catalytic mediator for Catellani-type reactions》 was published in Tetrahedron. The article was written by Liu, Ze-Shui; Qian, Guangyin; Gao, Qianwen; Wang, Peng; Cheng, Hong-Gang; Hua, Yu; Zhou, Qianghui. The article contains the following contents:

The discovery of inexpensive 5-norbornene-2-carboxylic acid (N4) as a general catalytic mediator (20 mol%) to facilitate ortho C-H activation and the following C-C bond formation of aryl iodides. Firstly, a co-operative catalytic system comprising N4 and palladium/XPhos complex was developed for the novel Catellani/redox-relay Heck cascade to construct tetrahydronaphthalenes e.g., I and indanes e.g., II that contain a quaternary carbon stereogenic center. The striking feature of this work was the avoidance of stoichiometric NBE mediator that were usually required for Catellani-type reactions. Preliminary results demonstrated that N4 could acted as a general catalytic mediator to replace NBE for other Catellani-type reactions, which would undoubtedly inspire future developments in the field of cooperative catalysis. Finally, control experiments indicated that the carboxylic acid moiety of N4 played an essential role in its ability to serve as a superior mediator. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1-Iodo-2-methoxybenzene(cas: 529-28-2Category: ethers-buliding-blocks)

1-Iodo-2-methoxybenzene(cas: 529-28-2) participates in palladium catalyzed enantioselective Heck arylation of 2,3-dihydrofuran in the presence of chiral ionic liquids containing L-prolinate and L-lactate anions and non-chiral quaternary ammonium cations.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

《New Synthetic Route to Tucatinib》 was written by Yin, Lingfeng; Mao, Yongjun; Liu, Yaowei; Bu, Lehao; Zhang, Long; Chen, Wenxin. SDS of cas: 4637-24-5This research focused ontucatinib preparation. The article conveys some information:

A new and improved synthetic route to tucatinib was described that involves three key intermediates. The first of these, 4-([1,2,4]triazolo[1,5- a]pyridin-7-yloxy)-3-methylaniline was prepared on a 100 g scale in 33% yield over five steps and 99% purity. Next, N4-(4-([1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-7-yloxy)-3-methylphenyl)quinazoline-4,6-diamine was isolated in 67% yield over three steps and >99% purity. Then, 4,4-dimethyl-2-(methylthio)-4,5-dihydrooxazole trifluoromethanesulfonate was prepared under mild conditions in 67% yield over two steps. Finally, tucatinib was obtained in 17% yield over nine steps and in >99% purity (HPLC). Purification methods used to isolate the product and the intermediates involved in the route were also reported. After reading the article, we found that the author used N,N-Dimethylformamide Dimethyl Acetal(cas: 4637-24-5SDS of cas: 4637-24-5)

N,N-Dimethylformamide Dimethyl Acetal(cas: 4637-24-5) belongs to anime. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and peroxy acids generally add an oxygen atom to the nitrogen of amines. With primary amines, this step is normally followed by further oxidation, leading to nitroso compounds, RNO, or nitro compounds, RNO2. Secondary amines are converted to hydroxylamines, R2NOH, and tertiary amines to amine oxides, R3NO.SDS of cas: 4637-24-5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

HPLC of Formula: 74029-40-6On October 12, 2016 ,《Tuning the backbones and side chains of cationic meta-linked poly(phenylene ethynylene)s: Different conformational modes, tunable light emission, and helical wrapping of multi-walled carbon nanotubes》 was published in Polymer. The article was written by Huang, Yan-Qin; Zhong, Yi-You; Zhang, Rui; Zhao, Yong-Kang; Liu, Xing-Fen; Zhang, Guang-Wei; Fan, Qu-Li; Wang, Lian-Hui; Huang, Wei. The article contains the following contents:

We have an ongoing interest in the design and control of helical conformation of water-soluble meta-linked poly(phenylene ethynylene)s (PPEs) and the further development of novel functional materials. Four cationic meta-linked PPEs (P1′-P4′) were synthesized to study the influence of differences in the backbone and side chain structure on their conformations. For P1′ and P4′ without side chains on the para-phenylene units, fluorescence spectroscopic investigations indicated obvious intramol. helical folding, whereas for P2′ and P3′ with nonpolar and polar side chains on the para-phenylene units resp., a significantly different conformational mode, namely, cofacial intermol. aggregation was suggested. The side chains on the para-phenylene units of P2′ and P3′ may be located in the interior cavity of helix and induce steric effect on the formation of helix. However, the introduction of 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BT), a low energy gap unit, into the backbone of P4′ showed little influence on the formation of helix despite its larger and more rigid structure than the phenylene unit. Thus, the light emission of these polymers can be tuned in the range from blue, green to yellow with the changes of conformational modes. Moreover, the functionalization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by P4′ in methanol and water, and by using its neutral precursory polymer P4 in THF was explored through transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. P4′ was directly observed to individualize MWCNT by forming a monolayer helical wrapping on the nanotube surface, which may be attributed to the backbone flexibility of meta-linked PPE and the strong π-π interactions between the PPE backbone and the CNT surface. Moreover, P4′ served as a better dispersing agent for MWCNT than P4, suggesting that the cationic side groups may act as solubilizing groups which also separated the individual nanotubes because of charge repulsion.1,4-Diethynyl-2,5-dimethoxybenzene(cas: 74029-40-6HPLC of Formula: 74029-40-6) was used in this study.

1,4-Diethynyl-2,5-dimethoxybenzene(cas: 74029-40-6) belongs to ethers.Oxygen is more electronegative than carbon, thus the alpha hydrogens of ethers are more acidic than those of simple hydrocarbons. They are far less acidic than alpha hydrogens of carbonyl groups (such as in ketones or aldehydes), however. HPLC of Formula: 74029-40-6

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Application In Synthesis of 2-Hydroxy-2-(4-propoxyphenyl)acetic acidOn October 31, 2021 ,《Enantioseparation of mandelic acid and substituted derivatives by high-performance liquid chromatography with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin as chiral mobile additive and evaluation of inclusion complexes by molecular dynamics》 appeared in Chirality. The author of the article were Shi, Jie-Hua; Lin, Zhen-Yi; Kou, Song-Bo; Wang, Bao-Li; Jiang, Shao-Liang. The article conveys some information:

The enantioseparation and resolution mechanism of mandelic acid (MA), 4-methoxymandelic acid (MMA), and 4-propoxymandelic acid (PMA) were investigated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatog. (HPLC) with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) as a chiral mobile-phase additive and mol. dynamics simulation. The suitable chromatog. conditions for the enantioseparation of MA, MMA, and PMA were obtained. Under the selected chromatog. conditions, these enantiomers could achieve baseline separation The results of thermodn. parameter anal. revealed that the main driven forces for the enantioseparation of MA, MMA, and PMA could be van der Waals forces and hydrogen-bonding interactions and the chromatog. retention of these chiral compounds was an enthalpy-driven process. The results of the mol. simulation revealed that their chiral resolution mechanism on HP-β-CD was responsible for the formation of inclusion complexes of enantiomers with HP-β-CD with different conformations and binding energies. And the binding energy of HP-β-CD with (S)-isomer was larger than that with (R)-isomer, which is consistent with the exptl. results of the first elution of (S)-isomer. Addnl., it is also confirmed that the interaction energies included the van der Waals energy (ΔEvdw), electrostatic energy (ΔEelec), polar solvation energy, and SASA energy (ΔEsasa), and the separation factor (α) was closely connected with the disparity in the binding energies of optical isomers and HP-β-CD complexes. Meanwhile, from mol. dynamics simulation, it can be found that the Δ(ΔEbinding), (Δ(ΔEbinding) = ΔEbinding,R – ΔEbinding,S) value was in order of MA-HP-β-CD complex > MMA-HP-β-CD complex > PMA-HP-β-CD complex, which was consistent with the order of Δ(ΔG) values obtained from van′t Hoff plot. This indicated that the mol. dynamics simulation has predictive function for chiral resolution2-Hydroxy-2-(4-propoxyphenyl)acetic acid(cas: 79694-16-9Application In Synthesis of 2-Hydroxy-2-(4-propoxyphenyl)acetic acid) was used in this study.

2-Hydroxy-2-(4-propoxyphenyl)acetic acid(cas: 79694-16-9) belongs to ethers.Application In Synthesis of 2-Hydroxy-2-(4-propoxyphenyl)acetic acidAlthough ethers resist hydrolysis, they are cleaved by hydrobromic acid and hydroiodic acid. Hydrogen chloride cleaves ethers only slowly.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

The author of 《A novel fluorescence probe based on p-acid-Br and its application in thiourea detection》 were Wang, Xiu; Yang, Chunlei; Yan, Mei; Ge, Shenguang; Yu, Jinghua. And the article was published in RSC Advances in 2016. Reference of 1,4-Diethynyl-2,5-dimethoxybenzene The author mentioned the following in the article:

In this paper, a novel phenyleneethynylene derivative 4,4′-(2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-phenylene)bis(ethyne-2,1-diyl) dibenzoic acid (p-acid) and its derivative p-acid-Br were synthesized. IR spectroscopy (IR), fluorescence (FL) spectroscopy and UV visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy were applied to characterize p-acid and p-acid-Br. To research the practical applicability, a sample thiourea sensor was constructed using the p-acid-Br label, in which the FL intensity response was proportional to the thiourea concentration in the range of 0.5-1000 nM, with a detection limit of 0.26 nM. Furthermore, the sensor showed high specificity, excellent stability, and good reproducibility. The p-acid-Br-based thiourea sensor can also provide potential application for detection of other organics The method showed low detection limit, good specificity, high sensitivity and reproducibility. Satisfactory results were obtained for the determination of thiourea in various water samples and fruit juice samples. This work is to open new avenues in the application of the phenyleneethynylene derivative for a sensitive thiourea assay. Hence, the proposed fluorescence sensor could become a promising method for local market. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Diethynyl-2,5-dimethoxybenzene(cas: 74029-40-6Reference of 1,4-Diethynyl-2,5-dimethoxybenzene)

1,4-Diethynyl-2,5-dimethoxybenzene(cas: 74029-40-6) belongs to ethers.The C-O bonds that comprise simple ethers are strong. They are unreactive toward all but the strongest bases. Although generally of low chemical reactivity, they are more reactive than alkanes. Reference of 1,4-Diethynyl-2,5-dimethoxybenzene

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

In 2013,Li, Xiaoxiao; Hou, Jianjun; Wang, Chao; Liu, Xinjie; He, Hongyan; Xu, Ping; Yang, Zhenjun; Chen, Zili; Wu, Yun; Zhang, Lihe published 《Synthesis and biological evaluation of RGD-conjugated MEK1/2 kinase inhibitors for integrin-targeted cancer therapy》.Molecules published the findings.Reference of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Two novel series of RGD-MEKI conjugates derived from a MEK1/2 kinase inhibitor – PD0325901 – have been developed for integrin receptor mediated anticancer therapy. The first series, alkoxylamine analog RGD-MEKI conjugates showed anti-proliferation activity in melanoma A375 cells by the same mechanism as that of PD0325901. PEGylation increased the IC50 value of (I) [P = dimer-c(RGD)] three-fold in the A375 assay, and the multi-cRGD peptide cargo significantly improved the receptor specific anti-proliferation activity of I (P = RGD-PEG4) in integrin-overexpressing U87 cells. In the second series, RGD-PD0325901 (II) [P = c(RGDyK)] exhibited significantly increased antitumor properties compared to the alkoxylamine analogs by both inhibition of the ERK pathway activity and DNA replication of the cancer cells. Furthermore, II displayed more potent anti-proliferation activity in the U87 assay than PD0325901 in a dose-dependent manner. All these data demonstrate that RGD-MEKI conjugates with an ester bond linkage enhanced anticancer efficacy with improved targeting capability toward integrin-overexpressing tumor cells. The experimental process involved the reaction of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6Reference of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate)

tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6) belongs to ethers.Ethers do have nonbonding electron pairs on their oxygen atoms, and they can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Reference of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

In 2019,Cells included an article by Sadraddin, Haval; Gaebel, Ralf; Skorska, Anna; Lux, Cornelia Aquilina; Sasse, Sarah; Ahmad, Beschan; Vasudevan, Praveen; Steinhoff, Gustav; David, Robert. Category: ethers-buliding-blocks. The article was titled 《CD271+ human mesenchymal stem cells show antiarrhythmic effects in a novel murine infarction model》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Background: Ventricular arrhythmias (VA) are a common cause of sudden death after myocardial infarction (MI). Therefore, developing new therapeutic methods for the prevention and treatment of VA is of prime importance. Methods: Human bone marrow derived CD271+ mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) were tested for their antiarrhythmic effect. This was done through the development of a novel mouse model using an immunocompromised Rag2-/- γc-/- mouse strain subjected to myocardial “”infarction-reinfarction””. The mice underwent a first ischemia-reperfusion through the left anterior descending (LAD) artery closure for 45 min with a subsequent second permanent LAD ligation after seven days from the first infarct. Results: This mouse model induced various types of VA detected with continuous ECG (ECG) monitoring via implanted telemetry device. The immediate intramyocardial delivery of CD271+ MSC after the first MI significantly reduced VA induced after the second MI. Conclusions: In addition to the clin. relevance, more closely reflecting patients who suffer from severe ischemic heart disease and related arrhythmias, our new mouse model bearing reinfarction warrants the time required for stem cell engraftment and for the first time enables us to analyze and verify significant antiarrhythmic effects of human CD271+ stem cells in vivo. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 6-(3-(Adamantan-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-naphthoic acid(cas: 106685-40-9Category: ethers-buliding-blocks)

6-(3-(Adamantan-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-naphthoic acid(cas:106685-40-9) may be used as a pharmaceutical reference standard for the quantification of the analyte in topical gel formulations using high-performance liquid chromatography technique.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

In 2019,Tetrahedron included an article by Gergely, Mate; Kollar, Laszlo. Category: ethers-buliding-blocks. The article was titled 《Synthesis of benzamide-benzothiazole conjugates via palladium-catalyzed aminocarbonylation (hydrazinocarbonylation)》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The palladium-catalyzed aminocarbonylation of iodoarenes was investigated using 2-amino- and 2-hydrazinobenzothiazole as N-nucleophile. The reaction proved to be highly chemoselective in all cases: carboxamides and the corresponding carbohydrazides obtained by the acylation at the nitrogen adjacent to the C-2 of the benzothiazole moiety, were obtained exclusively and isolated in moderate to high yields. Systematic investigation of the reaction conditions revealed that the reaction requires relatively high temperature (higher than 70°). The effect of the carbon monoxide pressure is different in the synthesis of the two types of products: while the carboxamide formation is favored, the carbohydrazide formation is lowered by the increasing CO pressure. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found 1-Iodo-2-methoxybenzene(cas: 529-28-2Category: ethers-buliding-blocks)

1-Iodo-2-methoxybenzene(cas: 529-28-2) is a useful synthetic intermediate. It can be used in the synthesis of piperidinyl diaminopyrimidines as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors with antitumor activity and polysubstituted benzofuran derivatives as novel inhibitors of parasitic growth.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem