Month: November 2022

Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Lignocellulosic Biomass Using Potassium Fluoride-Doped Alumina was written by Alper, Koray;Tekin, Kubilay;Karagoz, Selhan. And the article was included in Energy & Fuels in 2019.Related Products of 2380-78-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of spruce wood was performed without and with the use of a potassium fluoride-doped alumina catalyst (KF/Al₂O₃) in a bench-top reactor. HTL runs were performed at 250, 300, and 350°C with residence times of 15, 30, and 60 min. The effects of the catalyst at different catalyst loadings (in concentrations from 10 to 40 wt % of the lignocellulosic biomass) on the bio-oil and solid residue yields as well as their properties were investigated. The use of the catalyst increased the bio-oil yields over twofold and reduced char yields. Gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry anal. revealed that the bio-oil from the noncatalytic and catalytic runs consisted of aldehydes, ketones, phenols, acids, and esters. Among these components, phenolic compounds were dominant in both the noncatalytic and catalytic runs. The relative yields of phenolic compounds increased with catalyst use. The highest heating value was estimated to be approx. 29 MJ/kg. The b.p. distributions of the bio-oils from both runs revealed that the total naphtha fraction (light and heavy) was comparable to that of crude oil. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Related Products of 2380-78-1).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Related Products of 2380-78-1

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Targeting Alzheimer’s disease with multimodal polypeptide-based nanoconjugates was written by Duro-castano, A.;Borras, C.;Herranz-perez, V.;Blanco-gandia, M. c.;Conejos-sanchez, I.;Arminan, A.;Mas-bargues, C.;Ingles, M.;Minarro, J.;Rodriguez-arias, M.;Garcia-verdugo, J. m.;Vina, J.;Vicent, M. j.. And the article was included in Science Advances in 2021.Application In Synthesis of Bisdemethoxycurcumin The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most prevalent form of dementia, remains incurable mainly due to our failings in the search for effective pharmacol. strategies. Here, we describe the development of targeted multimodal polypeptide-based nanoconjugates as potential AD treatments. Treatment with polypeptide nanoconjugates bearing propargylamine moieties and bisdemethoxycurcumin or genistein afforded neuroprotection and displayed neurotrophic effects, as evidenced by an increase in dendritic d. of pyramidal neurons in organotypic hippocampal culture. The addnl. conjugation of the Angiopep-2 targeting moiety enhanced nanoconjugate passage through the blood-brain barrier and modulated brain distribution with nanoconjugate accumulation in neurogenic areas, including the olfactory bulb. Nanoconjugate treatment effectively reduced neurotoxic β amyloid aggregate levels and rescued impairments to olfactory memory and object recognition in APP/PS1 transgenic AD model mice. Overall, this study provides a description of a targeted multimodal polyglutamate-based nanoconjugate with neuroprotective and neurotrophic potential for AD treatment. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0Application In Synthesis of Bisdemethoxycurcumin).

Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0) belongs to ethers. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Application In Synthesis of Bisdemethoxycurcumin

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Spontaneous formation of monodisperse vesicles near the cloud point of an aqueous amphiphilic system was written by Murthy, K.;Easwar, N.;Singer, E.. And the article was included in Colloid and Polymer Science in 1998.SDS of cas: 112-59-4 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Monodisperse vesicular structures were produced spontaneously from an almost structure-less aqueous amphiphilic system: water/di(ethylene glycol) mono-hexyl ether (C₆E₂)/sodium cholate. Individually, neither C₆E₂ nor the bile acid produces noticeable aggregate structures in an aqueous solution However, the presence of small amounts of bile acid in the C₆E₂/water binary system produced large microstructures, besides pushing the miscibility gap to higher temperatures Dynamic light scattering studies indicate the presence of very monodisperse structures of sizes ranging from 15-50 nm in radii. The radii of these structures show strong dependence on the concentrations of the components and on the distance in temperature from the cloud point. For a given set of conditions the sizes are very stable and reproducible. Electron microscopy and conductivity measurements confirm these structures as vesicles. These may be formed due to the association of bile acid with C₆E₂ producing the geometrical parameters necessary for the formation of vesicles. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4SDS of cas: 112-59-4).

2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4) belongs to ethers. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.SDS of cas: 112-59-4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Quantitative Dietary Fingerprinting (QDF)-A Novel Tool for Comprehensive Dietary Assessment Based on Urinary Nutrimetabolomics was written by Gonzalez-Dominguez, Raul;Urpi-Sarda, Mireia;Jauregui, Olga;Needs, Paul W.;Kroon, Paul A.;Andres-Lacueva, Cristina. And the article was included in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 2020.Application of 2380-78-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Accurate dietary assessment is a challenge in nutritional research, needing powerful and robust tools for reliable measurement of food intake biomarkers. In this work, we have developed a novel quant. dietary fingerprinting (QDF) approach, which enables for the first time the simultaneous quantitation of about 350 urinary food-derived metabolites, including (poly)phenolic aglycons, phase II metabolites, and microbial-transformed compounds, as well as other compounds (e.g., glucosinolates, amino acid derivatives, methylxanthines, alkaloids, and markers of alc. and tobacco consumption). This method was fully validated for 220 metabolites, yielding good linearity, high sensitivity and precision, accurate recovery rates, and negligible matrix effects. Furthermore, 127 addnl. phase II metabolites were also included in this method after identification in urines collected from acute dietary interventions with various foods. Thus, this metabolomic approach represents one-step further toward precision nutrition and the objective of improving the accurateness and comprehensiveness in the assessment of dietary patterns and lifestyles. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Application of 2380-78-1).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Application of 2380-78-1

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Wetting transitions at the air-liquid interface of water+tetradecane+C₆E₂ mixtures was written by Yeh, Ming-Chih;Chen, Li-Jen. And the article was included in Journal of Chemical Physics in 2001.Application In Synthesis of 2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In this study, the interfacial phenomena and the wetting behaviors of the ternary system water+tetradecane+diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (C₆E₂) were carefully examined at 20°C. There is one three-liquid-phase-coexisting tie triangle and three two-liquid-phase-coexisting envelopes in the triangle phase diagram of the system water+tetradecane+C₆E₂ at 20°C. In the two-liquid-phase-coexisting region on the water/C₆E₂ side, the upper C₆E₂-rich liquid phase exhibits a sequence of transition: nonwetting partial wetting complete wetting at the lower aqueous phase/air interface by simply varying the system composition Similarly, in another two-liquid-phase-coexisting region on the tetradecane/C₆E₂ side, the upper tetradecane-rich liquid phase also demonstrates a sequence of transition at the lower C₆E₂-rich phase/air interface. Some of these wetting transitions can be deduced by the critical wetting theory of Cahn, while the other transitions seem to have no obvious relevance to a critical end point. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4Application In Synthesis of 2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol).

2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4) belongs to ethers. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Application In Synthesis of 2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Discovery of an Orally Bioavailable, Brain-Penetrating, in Vivo Active Phosphodiesterase 2A Inhibitor Lead Series for the Treatment of Cognitive Disorders was written by Mikami, Satoshi;Sasaki, Shigekazu;Asano, Yasutomi;Ujikawa, Osamu;Fukumoto, Shoji;Nakashima, Kosuke;Oki, Hideyuki;Kamiguchi, Naomi;Imada, Haruka;Iwashita, Hiroki;Taniguchi, Takahiko. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2017.Related Products of 130339-50-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Herein, the authors describe the discovery of a potent, selective, brain-penetrating, in vivo active phosphodiesterase (PDE) 2A inhibitor lead series. To identify high-quality leads suitable for optimization and enable validation of the physiol. function of PDE2A in vivo, structural modifications of the high-throughput screening hit were performed. The lead generation efforts revealed three key potency-enhancing functionalities with minimal increases in mol. weight (MW) and no change in topol. polar surface area (TPSA). Combining these structural elements led to the identification of 6-methyl-N-((1R)-1-(4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)propyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxamide (38a), a mol. with the desired balance of preclin. properties. Further characterization by cocrystal structure anal. of (38a) bound to PDE2A uncovered a unique binding mode and provided insights into its observed potency and PDE selectivity. Compound (38a) significantly elevated 3′,5′-cGMP levels in mouse brain following oral administration, thus validating this compound as a useful pharmacol. tool and an attractive lead for future optimization. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1-(4-(Trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)propan-1-amine (cas: 130339-50-3Related Products of 130339-50-3).

1-(4-(Trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)propan-1-amine (cas: 130339-50-3) belongs to ethers. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Related Products of 130339-50-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Enhancing the water-solubility of curcuminoids-rich extract using a ternary inclusion complex system: Preparation, characterization, and anti-cancer activity was written by Lateh, Likit;Kaewnopparat, Nattha;Yuenyongsawad, Supreeya;Panichayupakaranant, Pharkphoom. And the article was included in Food Chemistry in 2022.Quality Control of Bisdemethoxycurcumin The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Curcuminoids are known to exert diverse pharmacol. effects and used in some pharmaceutical formulations. This study describes the preparation, characterization, and enhancement in the solubility and anticancer activity of a curcuminoids-rich extract (CRE) using a ternary inclusion complex system. CRE containing 88.9% weight/weight curcuminoids was prepared using a ‘green’ microwave extraction coupled with fractionation on a column of hydrophobic adsorbent resin. The ternary complex consisting of CRE, hydroxylpropyl-β-cyclodextrin and polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 was prepared using the solvent evaporation method and thoroughly characterized using Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffractograms, differential scanning calorimetry and SEM. The ternary complex of CRE improved the water-solubility of curcuminoids (up to 70.3μg/mL) as well as the dissolution rate when compared to those of CRE (0μg/mL). In addition, the ternary complex exhibited significantly stronger anticancer activity against human lung adenocarcinoma (A-549), human cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa) and human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29) cell lines than CRE. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0Quality Control of Bisdemethoxycurcumin).

Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0) belongs to ethers. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Quality Control of Bisdemethoxycurcumin

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Monobenzone, a novel and potent KDM1A inhibitor, suppresses migration of gastric cancer cells was written by Ma, Peizhi;Jia, Gang;Song, Zhiyu. And the article was included in Frontiers in Pharmacology in 2021.HPLC of Formula: 103-16-2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Lysine-specific demethylase1 (KDM1A) is generally highly expressed in various cancer tissues, and promotes the initiation and development of cancers via diverse cellular signaling pathways. Therefore, KDM1A is a promising drug target in many cancers, and it is crucial to find effective KDM1A inhibitors, while none of them has entered into market. With the help of compound library, monobenzone, a local depigmentor using as a treating over-pigmentation in clinic, was characterized as an effective KDM1A inhibitor (IC₅₀ = 0.4507 μM), which may competitively inhibit KDM1A reversibly. Further cellular study confirmed that monobenzone could inhibit the proliferation of gastric cancer cell lines MGC-803 and BGC-823 with IC₅₀ as 7.82 ± 0.55 μM and 6.99 ± 0.51 μM, resp., and erase the substrate of KDM1A, H3K4me1/2 and H3K9 me2, and inhibit the migration of gastric cancer cell by reversing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). As the structure of monobenzone is very simple and small, this study provides a novel backbone for the further optimization of KDM1A inhibitor and gives monobenzone potential new application. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2HPLC of Formula: 103-16-2).

4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2) belongs to ethers. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. HPLC of Formula: 103-16-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Monobenzone, a novel and potent KDM1A inhibitor, suppresses migration of gastric cancer cells was written by Ma, Peizhi;Jia, Gang;Song, Zhiyu. And the article was included in Frontiers in Pharmacology in 2021.Computed Properties of C13H12O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Lysine-specific demethylase1 (KDM1A) is generally highly expressed in various cancer tissues, and promotes the initiation and development of cancers via diverse cellular signaling pathways. Therefore, KDM1A is a promising drug target in many cancers, and it is crucial to find effective KDM1A inhibitors, while none of them has entered into market. With the help of compound library, monobenzone, a local depigmentor using as a treating over-pigmentation in clinic, was characterized as an effective KDM1A inhibitor (IC₅₀ = 0.4507 μM), which may competitively inhibit KDM1A reversibly. Further cellular study confirmed that monobenzone could inhibit the proliferation of gastric cancer cell lines MGC-803 and BGC-823 with IC₅₀ as 7.82 ± 0.55 μM and 6.99 ± 0.51 μM, resp., and erase the substrate of KDM1A, H3K4me1/2 and H3K9 me2, and inhibit the migration of gastric cancer cell by reversing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). As the structure of monobenzone is very simple and small, this study provides a novel backbone for the further optimization of KDM1A inhibitor and gives monobenzone potential new application. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2Computed Properties of C13H12O2).

4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2) belongs to ethers. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Computed Properties of C13H12O2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Central cholinergic agents. I. Potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, 2-[ω-[N-alkyl-N-(ω-phenylalkyl)amino]alkyl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-diones, based on a new hypothesis of the enzyme’s active site was written by Ishihara, Yuji;Kato, Koki;Goto, Giichi. And the article was included in Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin in 1991.Name: N-(3-Methoxybenzyl)ethanamine The following contents are mentioned in the article:

It has been suggested that the active site of acetylcholinesterase contains a hydrophobic binding site (HBS-1), which is closely adjacent to both the anionic and the esteratic sites. In this paper, we assumed that there exists another hydrophobic binding site (HBS-2), some distance removed from the anionic site. On this assumption, a new working hypothesis was proposed for the design of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. A series of 2-[ω-[N-alkyl-N-(ω-phenylalkyl)amino]alkyl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-diones (I, X = e.g., O₂N, OH, Me, Cl, amino group, or COPh, Y = e.g., H, halo OMe, R = H or alkyl, n = 3-9, m = 1-4) was designed based on this hypothesis and tested for its inhibitory activities on acetylcholinesterase. Some in this series were revealed to be more potent than physostigmine. Optimum activity was found to be associated with a five carbon chain length separating the benzylamino group from the 1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (phthalimide) moiety. Quant. study of substitution effect on the phthalimide moiety revealed that hydrophilic and electron-withdrawing groups enhance the activity. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as N-(3-Methoxybenzyl)ethanamine (cas: 140715-61-3Name: N-(3-Methoxybenzyl)ethanamine).

N-(3-Methoxybenzyl)ethanamine (cas: 140715-61-3) belongs to ethers. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Name: N-(3-Methoxybenzyl)ethanamine

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem