Month: November 2022

Selective radical cascade (4+2) annulation with olefins towards the synthesis of chroman derivatives via organo-photoredox catalysis was written by Guan, Zhipeng;Zhong, Xingxing;Ye, Yayu;Li, Xiangwei;Cong, Hengjiang;Yi, Hong;Zhang, Heng;Huang, Zhiliang;Lei, Aiwen. And the article was included in Chemical Science in 2022.Application In Synthesis of 4-Benzyloxyphenol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Here a new (4 + 2) radical annulation approach for the construction of these functional six-membered frameworks I (R = ethoxycarbonyl, N-methyl-N-phenylcarbamoyl, benzenesulfonyl, (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)carbonyl, etc.; R¹ = H, Me, methoxycarbonyl; R² = H, Me, OMe; R³ = H, F, Ph, 2,2-dichlorocyclopropyl, etc.; R²R³ = -CH=CH-CH=CH-; R⁴ = H, Me, OMe, CF₃; R⁵ = H, Me;) via photocatalysis was reported. Featuring mild reaction conditions, the protocol allows readily available N-hydroxyphthalimide esters II and electron-deficient olefins RCH=CHR¹ to be converted into a wide range of valuable chromans I in a highly selective manner. Moreover, the present strategy can be used in the late-stage functionalization of natural product derivatives and biol. active compounds, which demonstrated the potential application. This method is complementary to the traditional Diels-Alder [4 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of ortho-quinone methides II and electron-rich dienophiles, since electron-deficient dienophiles were smoothly transformed into the desired chromans I. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2Application In Synthesis of 4-Benzyloxyphenol).

4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2) belongs to ethers. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Application In Synthesis of 4-Benzyloxyphenol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Effects of Zn-Containing Flux on Sn-3.5Ag Soldering with an Electroless Ni-P/Au Surface Finish: Microstructure and Wettability was written by Sakurai, Hitoshi;Baated, Alongheng;Lee, Kiju;Kim, Seongjun;Kim, Keun-Soo;Kukimoto, Youichi;Kumamoto, Seishi;Suganuma, Katsuaki. And the article was included in Journal of Electronic Materials in 2010.Synthetic Route of C10H22O3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The microstructure resulting from Sn-3.5Ag soldering on an electroless Ni-P/Au pad using flux containing Zn(II) stearate was investigated. The content of zinc compound in the flux was 0 weight% (Z-0), 20 weight% (Z-20) or 50 weight% (Z-50). A study of the interfacial microstructure revealed that both Z-20 and Z-50 fluxes yielded a thinner P-rich layer at the interface than did the Z-0 flux. In addition, compared with the bulky Ni-Sn intermetallics of the Z-0 joint interface, refined interfacial intermetallic compounds (IMCs) were observed when using Zn-containing fluxes, Z-20 and Z-50. Based on qual. analyses of both Z-20 and Z-50 joint interfaces, it was presumed that their intermetallic layers would consist of Ni, Zn, and Sn. Addnl., the Ni content in the IMC layer of the Z-50 joint was lower than that of the Z-20 joint. Electron probe microanal. (EPMA) of the initial Z-50 joint interface revealed Zn in the interfacial reaction layer, suggesting that Zn participated in the reaction between solder and the surface finish at an early stage of soldering. Consequently, the supply of Zn from the flux diminished Ni diffusion into the molten solder during heating. This effect may have caused a thin P-rich layer to form at the joint interface. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4Synthetic Route of C10H22O3).

2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4) belongs to ethers. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Synthetic Route of C10H22O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Non-Covalent Interactions in Molecular Systems: Thermodynamic Evaluation of the Hydrogen-Bond Strength in Amino-Ethers and Amino-Alcohols was written by Siewert, Riko;Zherikova, Kseniya V.;Verevkin, Sergey P.. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2022.Product Details of 109-85-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The intramol. hydrogen bond (intra-HB) is one of the best-known examples of non-covalent interactions in mols. Among the different types of intramol. hydrogen bonding, the NH···O hydrogen bond in amino-alcs. and amino-ethers is one of the weakest. In contrast to the strong OH···N intramol. hydrogen bond, the strength of the NH···O bond can hardly be measured with conventional spectroscopic methods, even for simple amino-alcs., since the band belonging to the NH···O conformer merges with the free OH band. In this work, we developed a combination of G4 calculations, and a method based on exptl. vaporization enthalpies to determine the NH···O hydrogen bonding strength. The archetypal compounds for this study are 2-amino-1-ethanol and 3-amino-1-propanol as well as their resp. methoxy analogs. Based on these mols., different series were studied to investigate various factors influencing NH···O intra-HB strength. In the first series, the influence of alkylation near the hydroxy or methoxy group and the amino group in sterically hindered aminoalcs. was examined In the second series, the influence of alkylation of the amino-group was investigated. In the third series, the effect of extending the alkyl chain between functional groups was studied. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Methoxyethylamine (cas: 109-85-3Product Details of 109-85-3).

2-Methoxyethylamine (cas: 109-85-3) belongs to ethers. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Product Details of 109-85-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

TOF-SIMS analysis of curcuminoids and curcumin crystals crystallized from their pure and impure solutions was written by Kumar, K. Vasanth;Heffernan, Claire;Ramisetty, Kiran A.;Howard, Christopher A.;Beloshapkin, Sergey. And the article was included in CrystEngComm in 2022.Synthetic Route of C19H16O4 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Impurities are frequently encountered during the crystallization of active pharmaceutical compounds Impurities can either adsorb onto active sites or replace atoms of the crystal lattice. Locating the impurities, especially structurally-similar impurities, on the crystal surface is challenging. In this work, we showed that time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) can be successfully used to simultaneously quantify the composition of the two structurally-similar impurities, demethoxycurcumin (DMC) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), on the surface of the curcumin (CUR) crystals obtained from crystal growth and cooling crystallization experiments The distribution of the three curcuminoids on the crystal surface was evaluated through imaging of the specific ions that correspond to intact mols. of the curcuminoids. In terms of location, both BDMC and DMC were evenly distributed on the surfaces of the facets of the curcumin crystals. Addnl., we found that BDMC and DMC occupy their own sites or they are located on the same site on the crystal surface providing evidence for lattice replacement of these mols. Thus our results demonstrate the potential of TOF-SIMS to provide new information that can help to understand crystallization This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0Synthetic Route of C19H16O4).

Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0) belongs to ethers. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Synthetic Route of C19H16O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Aryl fluorosulfate analogues as potent antimicrobial agents: SAR, cytotoxicity and docking studies was written by Ravindar, Lekkala;Bukhari, S. N. A.;Rakesh, K. P.;Manukumar, H. M.;Vivek, H. K.;Mallesha, N.;Xie, Zhi-Zhong;Qin, Hua-Li. And the article was included in Bioorganic Chemistry in 2018.Application of 103-16-2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A series of aryl fluorosulfate analogs (1-37) were synthesized and tested for in vitro antibacterial and antifungal studies, and validated by docking studies. The compounds 9, 12, 14, 19, 25, 26, 35, 36 and 37 exhibited superior antibacterial potency against tested bacterial strains, while compounds 2, 4, 5, 15, 35, 36 and 37 were found to have better antifungal activity against tested fungal strains, compared to standard antibiotic gentamicin and ketoconazole resp. Among all the synthesized 37 analogs, compounds 25, 26, 35, 36 and 37 displayed excellent anti-biofilm property against Staphylococcus aureus. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) revealed that the antimicrobial activity depends upon the presence of -OSO₂F group and slender effect of different substituent’s on the Ph rings. The electron donating (OCH₃) groups in analogs increase the antibacterial activity, and interestingly the electron withdrawing (Cl, NO₂, F and Br) groups increase the antifungal activity (except compound 35, 36 and 37). The mechanism of potent compounds showed membrane damage on bacteria confirmed by SEM. Compounds 35, 36 and 37 exhibited highest glide g-scores in mol. docking studies and validated the biocidal property. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2Application of 103-16-2).

4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2) belongs to ethers. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Application of 103-16-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Additive-Free Nickel-Catalyzed Debenzylation Reactions via Hydrogenative C-O and C-N Bond Cleavage was written by Lange, Saskia;Formenti, Dario;Lund, Henrik;Kreyenschulte, Carsten;Agostini, Giovanni;Bartling, Stephan;Bachmann, Stephan;Scalone, Michelangelo;Junge, Kathrin;Beller, Matthias. And the article was included in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering in 2019.Name: 4-Benzyloxyphenol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

C-O and C-N cleavage reactions play a fundamental role in synthetic chem. and biomass valorization. Many efforts have been done in the past in order to develop efficient catalysts able to mediate these transformations. However, still some drawbacks are present: necessity for additives and occurrence of side reactions. Here, an array of Ni-based catalysts derived from the thermal decomposition of a Ni(II)/phenanthroline complex onto different supports was prepared Ni-N-C@Al₂O₃-1000 material (pyrolyzed at 1000 °C) was the most efficient catalyst for both O- and N-debenzylation of various substrates ( > 20 examples) using dihydrogen as reductant. Advantageously, this process is water tolerant, proceeds free of any additive, and does not show overhydrogenation of the arene ring. The structure, morphol., and chem. composition of Ni-N-C@Al₂O₃-1000 have been elucidated. It is constituted by variously sized Al₂O₃-supported Ni(0)/NiO_x nanoparticles (NPs) embedded by layers of nitrogen-doped carbon. Ni-based heterogeneous catalysts derived from the thermal decomposition of a defined complex exhibited remarkable activity and selectivity in the cleavage of C-O and C-N bonds. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2Name: 4-Benzyloxyphenol).

4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2) belongs to ethers. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Name: 4-Benzyloxyphenol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Treatment of canine cognitive dysfunction with novel butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor was written by Zakosek Pipan, Maja;Prpar Mihevc, Sonja;Strbenc, Malan;Kosak, Urban;German Ilic, Ilija;Trontelj, Jurij;Zakelj, Simon;Gobec, Stanislav;Pavlin, Darja;Majdic, Gregor. And the article was included in Scientific Reports in 2021.HPLC of Formula: 109-85-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD) is common in aged dogs and has many similarities with Alzheimer’s disease. Unfortunately, like Alzheimer’s disease, CCD cannot be cured. In the present study, we treated dogs with CCD with our newly developed and characterized butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor (BChEi). Seventeen dogs were randomized into two groups (treated with BChEi and untreated) and followed for 6 mo at regular check-ups. The dogs’ cognitive status was determined by a Canine Dementia Scale (CADES) questionnaire and two cognitive tests. In dogs with moderate cognitive impairment, treatment caused significant improvement in the clin. rating of cognitive abilities and the performance-based tests of cognitive functioning when compared to the untreated group (p < 0.001). Dogs treated with BChEi showed markedly improved cognitive function with enhanced quality of life. No side effects were observed in the treated dogs with moderate cognitive impairment. According to the results of this preliminary study, there is an indication that novel BChEi may be a promising drug for the treatment of CCD in dogs and may be an interesting candidate for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease in humans. However, further clin. studies are needed to confirm this. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Methoxyethylamine (cas: 109-85-3HPLC of Formula: 109-85-3).

2-Methoxyethylamine (cas: 109-85-3) belongs to ethers. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.HPLC of Formula: 109-85-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Quantifying polypeptoid conformational landscapes through integrated experiment and simulation was written by Jiao, Sally;DeStefano, Audra;Monroe, Jacob I.;Barry, Mikayla;Sherck, Nicholas;Casey, Thomas;Segalman, Rachel A.;Han, Songi;Shell, M. Scott. And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2021.Computed Properties of C3H9NO The following contents are mentioned in the article:

We combine experiment and simulation to develop a powerful, validated approach for characterizing the conformational landscapes of disordered polypeptoids. Polypeptoids have become an important class of polymers, capable of precisely defined sequences while remaining gram-synthesizable-properties that have driven a rapidly expanding set of applications, including antifoulants, therapeutics, sensing, and directed self-assembly. The characterization of polypeptoid structure provides critical mol. insight into sequence-structure-function relationships. Structurally disordered polypeptoids require new approaches to interrogate their wide range of conformations in solution Here, we measure full end-to-end distance distributions, instead of configurational averages, using double electron-electron resonance (DEER) spectroscopy and enhanced sampling mol. modeling. We demonstrate excellent agreement between the experiments and simulations for a set of model hydrophilic polypeptoids. Moreover, we illustrate the utility of this combined experiment-simulation approach in probing structure-function relationships by characterizing the basic polymer physics of this polypeptoid series, demonstrating that the polypeptoids probed here exhibit excluded volume behavior. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Methoxyethylamine (cas: 109-85-3Computed Properties of C3H9NO).

2-Methoxyethylamine (cas: 109-85-3) belongs to ethers. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Computed Properties of C3H9NO

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Lignin-to-Liquid-Solvolysis (LtL) of Organosolv Extracted Lignin was written by Loehre, Camilla;Laugerud, Gro-Anita Aakre;Huijgen, Wouter J. J.;Barth, Tanja. And the article was included in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering in 2018.Safety of 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Utilization of lignocellulosic biomass as a future energy source is a research field of widespread growth. The lignin fraction has potential as a renewable resource to provide building blocks for the chem. industry and is the most prominent source of bio-based aromatics Lignin, combined with formic acid and water under high temperature and pressure, is converted to a bio-oil rich in alkylated phenols and aliphatic hydrocarbons in a unique conversion process termed the LtL-process (lignin-to-liquid). In this work, this conversion technique has shown to be applicable to a variety of lignins, with organosolv extracted lignin as the main focus because of its high purity. The organosolv lignins appeared to be well suited for LtL-conversion generating higher yields of bio-oil than a lignin-rich residue from enzymic hydrolysis. 31P-NMR and GC-MS showed that the O/C ratios of the bio-oils decreases with increasing reaction temperature during LtL-solvolysis due to a decrease in methoxylated phenols and an increase in phenols with no methoxy substituent. This was verified by partial least squares (PLS) regression anal. and elemental anal. of the feedstocks and resulting bio-oils, from which an effective hydrodeoxygenation during LtL-conversion was evident too. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Safety of 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Safety of 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Evolution of sulfur during fast pyrolysis of sulfonated Kraft lignin was written by Han, Tong;Sophonrat, Nanta;Evangelopoulos, Panagiotis;Persson, Henry;Yang, Weihong;Joensson, Paer. And the article was included in Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis in 2018.Safety of 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Sulfonated Kraft lignin, the most available com. lignin of today, has high sulfur content due to the extraction and the subsequent sulfonation processes. In this work, the evolution of sulfur during fast pyrolysis of sulfonated Kraft lignin has been studied. Fast Pyrolysis experiments have been done using Py-GC/MS. It is found that main sulfur-containing products in the pyrolytic vapors are present as the following small mol. compounds: H₂S, SO₂, CH₃SH, CH₃SCH₃, and CH₃SSCH₃. This indicates that sulfur-containing radicals preferentially combine with the other small radicals such as ·H and ·CH₃ during fast pyrolysis process. Sulfur is suggested to be mainly present as sulfite (-SO^–₃) and sulfide (-S-) in the sulfonated Kraft lignin. Sulfite that is incorporated into lignin during the sulfonation process mainly result in the formation of SO₂. The nature of the sulfur links created during the Kraft pulping process is difficult to determine, but they are supposed to mainly exist in form of sulfide (-S-) bonds, which lead to the formation of H₂S, CH₃SH, CH₃SCH₃ and CH₃SSCH₃. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Safety of 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Safety of 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem