Month: November 2022

Genome sequencing of turmeric provides evolutionary insights into its medicinal properties was written by Chakraborty, Abhisek;Mahajan, Shruti;Jaiswal, Shubham K.;Sharma, Vineet K.. And the article was included in Communications Biology in 2021.Name: Bisdemethoxycurcumin The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Curcuma longa, or turmeric, is traditionally known for its immense medicinal properties and has diverse therapeutic applications. However, the absence of a reference genome sequence is a limiting factor in understanding the genomic basis of the origin of its medicinal properties. In this study, we present the draft genome sequence of C. longa, belonging to Zingiberaceae plant family, constructed using 10x Genomics linked reads and Oxford Nanopore long reads. For comprehensive gene set prediction and for insights into its gene expression, transcriptome sequencing of leaf tissue was also performed. The draft genome assembly had a size of 1.02 Gbp with ∼70% repetitive sequences, and contained 50,401 coding gene sequences. The phylogenetic position of C. longa was resolved through a comprehensive genome-wide anal. including 16 other plant species. Using 5,388 orthogroups, the comparative evolutionary anal. performed across 17 species including C. longa revealed evolution in genes associated with secondary metabolism, plant phytohormones signaling, and various biotic and abiotic stress tolerance responses. These mechanisms are crucial for perennial and rhizomatous plants such as C. longa for defense and environmental stress tolerance via production of secondary metabolites, which are associated with the wide range of medicinal properties in C. longa. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0Name: Bisdemethoxycurcumin).

Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0) belongs to ethers. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Name: Bisdemethoxycurcumin

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Comparative Study of Preparation, Evaluation, and Pharmacokinetics in Beagle Dogs of Curcumin β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex, Curcumin Solid Dispersion, and Curcumin Phospholipid Complex was written by Song, Wanrong;Chen, Xizhao;Dai, Chongshan;Lin, Degui;Pang, Xuelin;Zhang, Di;Liu, Gang;Jin, Yipeng;Lin, Jiahao. And the article was included in Molecules in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 33171-05-0 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Curcumin is a natural acidic polyphenol extracted from turmeric with a wide range of biol. and pharmacol. effects. However, the application of curcumin for animal production and human life is limited by a low oral bioavailability. In this study, natural curcumin was prepared for the curcumin β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex (CUR-β-CD), curcumin solid dispersion (CUR-PEG-6000), and curcumin phospholipid complex (CUR-HSPC) using co-precipitation, melting, and solvent methods, resp. Curcumin complex formations were monitored using SEM (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform IR (FT-IR) techniques via the shifts in the microscopic structure, mol. structure, and crystalline state. Subsequently, twenty-four female beagle dogs were randomly divided into four groups to receive unmodified curcumin and three other curcumin preparations The validated UPLC-MS assay was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic and bioavailability studies of curcumin in beagle dog plasma, which were collected after dosing at 0 min (predose), 5 min, 15 min, 30 min, 40 min, 50 min, 1.5 h, 3 h, 4.5 h, 5.5 h, 6 h, 6.5 h, 9 h, and 24 h. The relative bioavailabilities of CUR-β-CD, CUR-PEG-6000, and CUR-HSPC were 231.94%, 272.37%, and 196.42%, resp. This confirmed that CUR-β-CD, CUR-HSPC, and especially CUR-PEG-6000 could effectively improve the bioavailability of curcumin. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0HPLC of Formula: 33171-05-0).

Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0) belongs to ethers. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.HPLC of Formula: 33171-05-0

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activity of Nanoencapsulated Curcuminoids Extracted from Curcuma longa L. in a Model of Cutaneous Inflammation was written by Lima, Emanuele P.;Goncalves, Odinei H.;Ames, Franciele Q.;Castro-Hoshino, Lidiane V.;Leimann, Fernanda V.;Cuman, Roberto K. N.;Comar, Jurandir F.;Bersani-Amado, Ciomar A.. And the article was included in Inflammation in 2021.COA of Formula: C19H16O4 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The present study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of nanoencapsulated curcuminoid preparations of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (Nano-cur) and free curcuminoids (Cur) in an exptl. model of croton oil-induced cutaneous inflammation. Male Swiss mice, weighing 25-30 g, received oral treatment by gavage 1 h before CO application or topical treatment immediately after CO application (200 Μg diluted in 70% acetone) with a single dose of Cur and Nano-cur. After 6 h, the animals were anesthetized and euthanized. The ears were sectioned into disks (6.0 mm diameter) and used to determine edema, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and oxidative stress. Photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) was used to evaluate the percutaneous penetration of Cur and Nano-cur. Topical treatment with both preparations had a similar inhibitory effect on the development of edema, MPO activity, and the oxidative response. The PAS technique showed that the percutaneous permeation of both topically applied preparations was similar. Oral Nano-cur administration exerted a higher anti-inflammatory effect than Cur. Topical Cur and Nano-cur application at the same dose similarly inhibited the inflammatory and oxidative responses. Oral Nano-cur administration inhibited such responses at doses that were eight times lower than Cur, suggesting the better bioavailability of Nano-cur compared with Cur. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0COA of Formula: C19H16O4).

Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0) belongs to ethers. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.COA of Formula: C19H16O4

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Selective organic phase hydrodeoxygenation of typical phenolic monomers and two lignin oils over highly active Pd/Hβ catalyst for high-grade bio-fuel production was written by Hu, Lin;Wei, Xian-Yong;Xu, Mei-Ling;Kang, Yu-Hong;Guo, Xian-Hou;Zhang, Feng-Bin;Zong, Zhi-Min;Bai, Hong-Cun. And the article was included in Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering in 2021.Computed Properties of C13H12O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The selective hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of lignin-derived bio-oil still meets the great challenges due to its complex oxygenated organic component. In this research, first time, Pd-based zeolite catalysts were prepared by the modified deposition-precipitation (DP) method for the HDO conversion of guaiacol. Notably, for the same Si/Al ratio of zeolite, Pd_2%/Hβ catalyst showed the higher catalytic activity on the HDO of guaiacol than that Pd_2%/M and Pd_2%/HZSM-5 catalyst, which mainly originated from the synergetic effect between metal nanoparticles size and acid sites of catalyst. As one of typical phenolic monomers, guaiacol can be converted into high yield of hydrocarbons under the condition of 220°C, 3 MPa H₂, and 4 h in n-hexane over Pd_2%/Hβ (DP) catalyst. This highly active catalyst exhibited the good recyclability in the HDO conversion of guaiacol. In addition, other typical phenolic monomers can be converted into high yield of hydrocarbons over this highly active catalyst. Considering this, after HDO upgrading, real lignin oil (RLO) can be converted into high yield of hydrocarbons with the carbon number (CN) in range of C7-C15. This work highlighted that the depolymerization monomers from lignin can be further upgraded by this high active catalyst through HDO to obtain jet hydrocarbons fuel. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2Computed Properties of C13H12O2).

4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2) belongs to ethers. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Computed Properties of C13H12O2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Selective organic phase hydrodeoxygenation of typical phenolic monomers and two lignin oils over highly active Pd/Hβ catalyst for high-grade bio-fuel production was written by Hu, Lin;Wei, Xian-Yong;Xu, Mei-Ling;Kang, Yu-Hong;Guo, Xian-Hou;Zhang, Feng-Bin;Zong, Zhi-Min;Bai, Hong-Cun. And the article was included in Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering in 2021.Product Details of 103-16-2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The selective hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of lignin-derived bio-oil still meets the great challenges due to its complex oxygenated organic component. In this research, first time, Pd-based zeolite catalysts were prepared by the modified deposition-precipitation (DP) method for the HDO conversion of guaiacol. Notably, for the same Si/Al ratio of zeolite, Pd_2%/Hβ catalyst showed the higher catalytic activity on the HDO of guaiacol than that Pd_2%/M and Pd_2%/HZSM-5 catalyst, which mainly originated from the synergetic effect between metal nanoparticles size and acid sites of catalyst. As one of typical phenolic monomers, guaiacol can be converted into high yield of hydrocarbons under the condition of 220°C, 3 MPa H₂, and 4 h in n-hexane over Pd_2%/Hβ (DP) catalyst. This highly active catalyst exhibited the good recyclability in the HDO conversion of guaiacol. In addition, other typical phenolic monomers can be converted into high yield of hydrocarbons over this highly active catalyst. Considering this, after HDO upgrading, real lignin oil (RLO) can be converted into high yield of hydrocarbons with the carbon number (CN) in range of C7-C15. This work highlighted that the depolymerization monomers from lignin can be further upgraded by this high active catalyst through HDO to obtain jet hydrocarbons fuel. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2Product Details of 103-16-2).

4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2) belongs to ethers. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Product Details of 103-16-2

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Hydrothermal processing of waste pine wood into industrially useful products was written by Gokhale, Jyoti S.;Hude, Moreshwar P.;Yadav, Ganapati D.;Thomas, Morgan;Kozinski, Janusz;Dalai, Ajay K.. And the article was included in Journal of the Indian Chemical Society in 2022.Related Products of 2380-78-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

An ongoing major outbreak of mountain pine beetle in Western Canada has provided a clear opportunity to utilize waste pinewood as a source of renewable energy. Therefore hydrothermal processing of waste pinewood as a feedstock for bio-oil and biochar production using subcritical and supercritical water technol. was carried out in semi-batch mode to investigate the effect of pressure (200-400 bar) and temperature (300-400°C) on the yield and composition of bio-oil. The pinewood samples have very high cellulose and hemicellulose content but low ash content and are thus a formidable feedstock for bioenergy production The optimum conditions for the hydrothermal processing of the pinewood in a tubular reactor were found to be 400°C and 250 bars with respect to biochar and bio-oil yield based on the highest calorific value anal. Detailed characterization of bio-oil and biochar was performed using GCMS, NMR, SEM, calorific value and elemental anal., resp. The critical components of bio-oil were found to be phenols, methoxyphenols, hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) and vanillin, whereas as compared to the raw pine wood, the biochar was considerably lower H:C and O:C ratios than those of the unprocessed pinewood. The analyzes of bio-oil by means of GCMS and ¹H NMR showed that it was mainly composed of heterocyclic compounds, phenols, aldehydes and acids. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Related Products of 2380-78-1).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Related Products of 2380-78-1

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Remarkably Efficient Iridium Catalysts for Directed C(sp²)-H and C(sp³)-H Borylation of Diverse Classes of Substrates was written by Hoque, Emdadul Md;Hassan, Mirja Mahamudul Md;Chattopadhyay, Buddhadeb. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2021.Recommanded Product: 1132669-90-9 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Here we describe the discovery of a new class of C-H borylation catalysts and their use for regioselective C-H borylation of aromatic, heteroaromatic, and aliphatic systems. The new catalysts have Ir-C(thienyl) or Ir-C(furyl) anionic ligands instead of the diamine-type neutral chelating ligands used in the standard C-H borylation conditions. It is reported that the employment of these newly discovered catalysts show excellent reactivity and ortho-selectivity for diverse classes of aromatic substrates with high isolated yields. Moreover, the catalysts proved to be efficient for a wide number of aliphatic substrates for selective C(sp³)-H bond borylations. Heterocyclic mols. are selectively borylated using the inherently elevated reactivity of the C-H bonds. A number of late-stage C-H functionalization have been described using the same catalysts. Furthermore, we show that one of the catalysts could be used even in open air for the C(sp²)-H and C(sp³)-H borylations enabling the method more general. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that the active catalytic intermediate is the Ir(bis)boryl complex, and the attached ligand acts as bidentate ligand. Collectively, this study underlines the discovery of new class of C-H borylation catalysts that should find wide application in the context of C-H functionalization chem. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 5-Methoxy-2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzaldehyde (cas: 1132669-90-9Recommanded Product: 1132669-90-9).

5-Methoxy-2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)benzaldehyde (cas: 1132669-90-9) belongs to ethers. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Recommanded Product: 1132669-90-9

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Transcriptomic and Metabolic Analysis of Fruit Development and Identification of Genes Involved in Raffinose and Hydrolysable Tannin Biosynthesis in Walnuts was written by Wang, Hua;Asker, Keysarjan;Zhan, Chang;Wang, Nian. And the article was included in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 2021.Application of 33171-05-0 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is an important fruit tree with high nutrition in its nuts. Here, the development of walnut fruits was monitored, and nine biol. samples at five developmental stages were collected and analyzed by transcriptomic and metabolic assays. Many phenolic metabolites accumulated in the peel of mature fruits, while lipids, carbohydrates, and amino acids and their derivatives mainly accumulated in the kernel. Fatty acid biosynthesis occurred at 13 wk after pollination, and photosynthesis might occur in the exocarp of walnuts. By coexpression anal. of the transcriptome and metabolome, genes responsible for some metabolic pathways were predicted. Three genes encoding shikimate dehydrogenases (SDHs) that convert 3-dehydroshikimic acid to gallic acid (GA) and four genes encoding UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) that convert GA to β-glucogallin in the biosynthesis of hydrolysable tannins (HTs) were selected for functional confirmation. These three SDH genes were then expressed in Escherichia coli, and their recombinant proteins showed GA formation activity. Moreover, heterologous expression of the three SDH and four UGT genes in poplar hairy roots also showed a significant increase in GA and β-glucogallin accumulation, resp. Taken together, we have provided an overview of walnut fruit development and uncovered genes involved in HT biosynthesis. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0Application of 33171-05-0).

Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0) belongs to ethers. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Application of 33171-05-0

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Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Small angle neutron scattering near the wetting transition: discrimination of microemulsions from weakly structured mixtures was written by Gradzielski, M.;Langevin, D.;Sottmann, T.;Strey, R.. And the article was included in Journal of Chemical Physics in 1996.COA of Formula: C10H22O3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The wetting transitions of water, n-alkane, and n-alkyl polyglycol ether (C_iE_j) systems are examined in order to locate the transition between weakly structured mixtures and microemulsions. Using the small angle neutron scattering (SANS) we determine the local structure and relate it to the phase behavior and wetting transitions observed by macroscopic measurements. We measure the SANS of the mixtures across the transition along two different exptl. paths. One path begins with well-structured mixtures, and the effective chain length of the surfactant combination C₆E₂/C₄E₁ is decreased by increasing the C₄E₁ fraction. The other path starts with equal amounts of water and oil mixed by the strong amphiphile C₈E₃. The local structure of these “good” microemulsions is weakened by increasing the temperature and concomitantly the oil/water volume ratio approaching the upper critical endpoint. As in previous studies analyzing the scattering experiments quant. permits determination of the amphiphilicity factor which is a measure of the strength of the surfactant. We confirm predictions that the amphiphilicity factor measured at the wetting transition becomes more neg. as the temperature interval between the transition and the critical endpoint decreases. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4COA of Formula: C10H22O3).

2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4) belongs to ethers. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.COA of Formula: C10H22O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis and characterization of CAPE derivatives as xanthine oxidase inhibitors with radical scavenging properties was written by Choi, Wonbeen;Villegas, Valente;Istre, Hannah;Heppler, Ben;Gonzalez, Niki;Brusman, Nicole;Snider, Lindsey;Hogle, Emily;Tucker, Janelle;Onate, Alma;Onate, Sandra;Ma, Lili;Paula, Stefan. And the article was included in Bioorganic Chemistry in 2019.Application of 2380-78-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Inhibitors of the enzyme xanthine oxidase (XO) with radical scavenging properties hold promise as novel agents against reperfusion injuries after ischemic events. By suppressing the formation of damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS) by XO or scavenging ROS from other sources, these compounds may prevent a buildup of ROS in the aftermath of a heart attack or stroke. To combine these two properties in a single mol., we synthesized and characterized the non-purine XO inhibitor caffeic acid phenethylester (CAPE) and 19 derivatives using a convenient microwave-assisted Knoevenagel condensation protocol. Varying systematically the number and positions of the hydroxyl groups at the two Ph rings, we derived structure-activity relationships based on exptl. determined XO inhibition data. Mol. docking suggested that critical enzyme/inhibitor interactions involved π-π interactions between the phenolic inhibitor ring and Tyr914, hydrogen bonds between inhibitor hydroxyl groups and Glu802, and hydrophobic interactions between the CAPE Ph ring and non-polar residues located at the entrance of the binding site. To effectively scavenge the stable radical DPPH, two hydroxyl groups in 1,2- or 1,4-position at the Ph ring were required. Among all compounds tested, E-Ph 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acrylate, a CAPE analog without the Et tether, showed the most promising properties. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Application of 2380-78-1).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Application of 2380-78-1

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem