Month: November 2022

Nonionic Water-Soluble Polysilynes. Synthesis and Properties of a Novel Class of Functionalized Materials was written by Cleij, Thomas J.;Tsang, Stellar K. Y.;Jenneskens, Leonardus W.. And the article was included in Macromolecules in 1999.Name: 2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The nonionic water-soluble polysilynes poly(4,7,10-trioxaundecylsilyne) (I) and poly(4,7,10,13-tetraoxatetradecylsilyne) (II), which are inaccessible using the conventional Wurtz-type coupling with Na in refluxing toluene, were prepared in reasonable yields using graphite potassium C₈K as the reducing agent in THF at 0 °C. A water-insoluble analog of I, viz. poly(4,7,10-trioxahexadecylsilyne) (III), is obtained in nearly quant. yield under similar conditions. Despite the fact that I and II possess all the characteristic polysilylene-like (photo)phys. properties, aqueous solutions of I and II unexpectedly exhibit thermoresponsive behavior; i.e., at 49 °C a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) is found. The presence of an LCST, which has to originate from folding/unfolding processes of the polysilylene backbone, suggests that polysilynes have a hybrid structure with a predominantly one-dimensional overall appearance consisting of linear fragments with small branches and/or incorporated (branched) cyclics, instead of the previously proposed extended sheetlike and/or hyperbranched/dendritic structures. Addnl. support for a hybrid structure was given by semiempirical PM3 calculations on a variety of oligomeric model compounds The PM3 results suggest that Si-Cl moieties incorporated in oligomers will be more reactive than monomeric Si-Cl groups. The calculations further indicate that linear chain extension is preferred over branching. Cyclic voltammetry in combination with absorption/excitation spectroscopy reveals that in going from the related polysilane to the polysilylene the valence band edge shifts ca. -0.7 V, while the conduction band edge remains virtually unchanged. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that polysilynes I and II are effective photoinitiators for radical polymerizations upon excitation at λ 400 nm. This is exemplified for the conversion of Me acrylate into poly(Me acrylate). This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4Name: 2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol).

2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4) belongs to ethers. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Name: 2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Structure-Guided Discovery of Silicon-Containing Subnanomolar Inhibitor of Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase as a Potential Herbicide was written by Qu, Ren-Yu;Nan, Jia-Xu;Yan, Yao-Chao;Chen, Qiong;Ndikuryayo, Ferdinand;Wei, Xue-Fang;Yang, Wen-Chao;Lin, Hong-Yan;Yang, Guang-Fu. And the article was included in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 2021.Electric Literature of C3H9NO The following contents are mentioned in the article:

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD, EC 1.13.11.27) has been recognized as one of the most promising targets in the field of herbicide innovation considering the severity of weed resistance currently. In a persistent effort to develop effective HPPD-inhibiting herbicides, a structure-guided strategy was carried out to perform the structural optimization for triketone-quinazoline-2,4-diones, a novel HPPD inhibitor scaffold first discovered in our laboratory Herein, starting from the crystal structure of Arabidopsis thaliana (At)HPPD complexed with 6-(2-hydroxy-6-oxocyclohex-1-ene-1-carbonyl)-1,5-dimethyl-3-(o-tolyl)quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (MBQ), three subseries of quinazoline-2,4-dione derivatives were designed and prepared by optimizing the hydrophobic interactions between the side chain of the core structure at the R¹ position and the hydrophobic pocket at the active site entrance of AtHPPD. 6-(2-Hydroxy-6-oxocyclohex-1-ene-1-carbonyl)-1,5-dimethyl-3-(3-(trimethylsilyl)prop-2-yn-1-yl)quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (I) with the best inhibitory activity against AtHPPD was identified to be the first subnanomolar-range AtHPPD inhibitor (K_i = 0.86 nM), which significantly outperformed that of the lead compound MBQ (K_i = 8.2 nM). Further determination of the crystal structure of AtHPPD in complex with compound 60 (1.85 Å) and the binding energy calculation provided a mol. basis for the understanding of its high efficiency. Addnl., the greenhouse assay indicated that 6-(2-hydroxy-6-oxocyclohex-1-ene-1-carbonyl)-1,5-dimethyl-3-propylquinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (II) and compound I showed acceptable crop safety against peanut and good herbicidal activity with a broad spectrum. Moreover, compound II also showed superior selectivity for wheat at the dosage of 120 g ai/ha and favorable herbicidal efficacy toward the gramineous weeds at the dosage of as low as 30 g ai/ha. We believe that compounds II and I have promising prospects as new herbicide candidates for wheat and peanut fields. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Methoxyethylamine (cas: 109-85-3Electric Literature of C3H9NO).

2-Methoxyethylamine (cas: 109-85-3) belongs to ethers. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Electric Literature of C3H9NO

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Effect of simultaneous use of microwave and ultrasound irradiation on the sulfuric acid hydrolysis lignin depolymerization was written by Rana, Masud;Nshizirungu, Theoneste;Park, Jeong-Hun. And the article was included in Sustainable Energy & Fuels in 2022.COA of Formula: C9H12O3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In this study, the individual and combined effects of microwave (MW) and ultrasound (US) processes on the depolymerization of sulfuric acid hydrolysis lignin (SAHL) were investigated in a hybrid microwave-ultrasound chem. reactor. Results revealed that the combined use of MW and US processes led to better results in terms of high yields of bio-oil and monomer production (43.01 and 6.69 wt%), as compared to the individual use of MW (32.83 and 4.71 wt%) and US (21.60 and 3.58 wt%) processes. The highest yield of bio-oil (63.50 wt%), which contained 13.04 wt% monomers, was achieved under the optimized reaction conditions of 180°C, 80 min, 30% US frequency and a 1,4-dioxane to formic acid ratio of 250 : 50 (volume/volume). Process parameters such as temperature, time and the content of formic acid added to 1,4-dioxane were chosen carefully and optimized using response surface methodol. (RSM). The results of the statistical anal. of variance (ANOVA) showed that the depolymerization temperature and time significantly affected (ρ < 0.05) the yield of bio-oil. In the liquid products, the compounds guaiacol (G1), ethanone, 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-(G3), 2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acetaldehyde (G10), 4-Et phenol (H1), 4-Me phenol (H4), and di-Bu phthalate (DBPH) were produced as major monomers. Meanwhile, the GPC results showed that the mol. weight of SAHL (Mw = ∼2156) was significantly reduced to lower mol. weight compounds (Mw = 638). The findings obtained from this study suggest that the applied MW-US-assisted lignin depolymerization process could be a promising alternative to the sep. use of the MW or US process and can pave the way to continue advancing the lignin conversion practices as a renewable and sustainable resource of aromatic chems. Moreover, the proposed method is believed to possess great potential for conversion of a major waste stream from a pulp industry into aromatic chem. production Future work will be directed toward the simultaneous use of MW-US-assisted depolymerization of lignin in a continuous flow process mimicking the optimized conditions obtained under batch MW-US conditions. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1COA of Formula: C9H12O3).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.COA of Formula: C9H12O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Investigation of the temperature responsive behaviors of novel polyaspartamide derivatives bearing alkyl ether-type pendants was written by Zhang, Guangyan;Bao, Chenhui;Yi, Hui. And the article was included in Arabian Journal of Chemistry in 2021.Product Details of 109-85-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Previous works reported that some temperature responsive polyaspartamide derivatives exhibited pH responsiveness, although pH responsive functional groups or pH-cleavable linkages were not introduced during the preparing process, which may be related to the hydroxyl groups of their pendant alkanolamide moieties. In order to investigate whether pH will also affect the temperature responsive behavior of temperature responsive polyaspartamide derivatives without hydroxyl groups, four linear alkyl ether-type amine compounds with one ether oxygen atom and 3 to 6 carbon atoms, denoted as OCx (x represents the number of carbon atoms in alkyl ether-type amine compounds), were selected for the aminolysis reaction of poly(succinimide) to design and synthesize the polyaspartamide derivatives bearing alkyl ether pendants, named PASP-OCx. The chem. structures and mol. weights of the obtained polymers were characterized and confirmed by FTIR, ¹H NMR and SEC-MALLS. The water-solubilities, surface tensions and transmittances of PASP-OCx aqueous solutions were also investigated. Results showed that PASP-OCx can be dissolved in deionized water when x is less than or equal to 5. The surface tensions of PASP-OC4 and PASP-OC5 solutions exhibited obvious turning points. Interestingly, transmittances results showed that PASP-OC5 exhibited temperature responsive behaviors under acidic, neutral or alk. conditions (pH ≤ 10.0); PASP-OC4 only exhibited temperature responsive behaviors under acidic condition (pH ≤ 3.0); while PASP-OC3 did not exhibit temperature responsive behavior. The LCST value of PASP-OC5 and PASP-OC4 can be turned by adjusting the pH value of their solutions, and decreases with decreasing the pH value. Addnl., the influence of pH on the LCST values of PASP-OC4 and PASP-OC5 was investigated by zeta potential, and the results showed that the decrease of LCST values may be due to the reducing of electrostatic repulsion with pH decreasing. Therefore, results showed that pH can also affect the temperature responsive behavior of temperature-responsive polyaspartamide derivatives that do not contain hydroxyl groups. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Methoxyethylamine (cas: 109-85-3Product Details of 109-85-3).

2-Methoxyethylamine (cas: 109-85-3) belongs to ethers. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Product Details of 109-85-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Urea Derivatives as Highly Potent and Selective Rho Kinase Inhibitors was written by Yin, Yan;Lin, Li;Ruiz, Claudia;Khan, Susan;Cameron, Michael D.;Grant, Wayne;Pocas, Jennifer;Eid, Nibal;Park, HaJeung;Schroter, Thomas;LoGrasso, Philip V.;Feng, Yangbo. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2013.COA of Formula: C10H15NO The following contents are mentioned in the article:

(Benzylureido)arylpyrazoles such as I [R = Me, Et, cyclopropyl, Me₂CH, HOCH₂CH₂, MeOCH₂CH₂, H₂NCH₂CH₂, Me₂NCH₂CH₂, 2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)ethyl, 3-(1-pyrrolidinyl)propyl, 2-(4-morpholinyl)ethyl, 3-(4-morpholinyl)propyl, 2-(1-piperidinyl)ethyl, 3-(1-piperidinyl)propyl; R¹ = H, MeO] were prepared to determine the relationship of structure to their inhibition of rho-associated coiled-coil protein kinase II (α) (ROCK-II). The selectivities of (benzylureido)arylpyrazoles for ROCK-II over protein kinase A, their functional activity in vitro, and their stabilities in human liver microsomes were determined The selectivities of selected (benzylureido)arylpyrazoles such as I [R = Me, HOCH₂CH₂, Me₂NCH₂CH₂, 2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)ethyl, 2-(4-morpholinyl)ethyl, 2-(1-piperidinyl)ethyl; R¹ = H, MeO] for ROCK-II over ROCK-I, JNK, and p38α, their inhibition of cytochrome P₄₅₀ isoforms 1A2, 2C9, 2D6, and 3A4, and their i.v. pharmacokinetics (clearance, volume of distribution, half-life, AUC, maximal concentration in plasma, and bioavailablity) at doses of 1 and 2 mg/kg were determined; the structures of selected compounds bound to ROCK-II were also determined by mol. docking calculations Benzylureidoarylpyrazoles lacking tertiary amino groups such as I (R = Me, HOCH₂CH₂; R¹ = H, MeO) had good pharmacokinetic properties in rats, while those possessing tertiary amino groups such as I [R = 2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)ethyl, 2-(4-morpholinyl)ethyl, 2-(1-piperidinyl)ethyl; R¹ = MeO] had poor pharmacokinetic properties in rats but good aqueous solubilities. (α-Substituted benzyl)ureidoarylpyrazoles were potent ROCK-II inhibitors with high selectivities for ROCK-II over protein kinase A and better microsomal stabilities than (benzylureido)arylpyrazoles substituted at either the urea nitrogen atoms or the central aryl ring and are potentially optimizable as ROCK-II inhibitors. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as N-(3-Methoxybenzyl)ethanamine (cas: 140715-61-3COA of Formula: C10H15NO).

N-(3-Methoxybenzyl)ethanamine (cas: 140715-61-3) belongs to ethers. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.COA of Formula: C10H15NO

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Effects of Radix scrophulariae on hyperthyroidism assessed by metabonomics and network pharmacology was written by Zhang, Ning;Lu, Fang;Li, Zihui;Zhao, Hongwei;Pang, Mu;Ye, Tao;Wang, Xijun;Liu, Shumin. And the article was included in Frontiers in Pharmacology in 2021.Recommanded Product: 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Radix Scrophulariae (Chinese name: Xuanshen), a traditional Chinese herb, is used for the treatment of hyperthyroidism, and in this study, its mechanisms were evaluated by metabonomics and system pharmacol. To study the anti-hyperthyroidism effects of R. Scrophulariae, a male SD rat (180-220 g) model of hyperthyroidism induced by Euthyrox was used. Thirty rats were randomly distributed into three groups: the Model group, the R. Scrophulariae treatment group (RS group) and the healthy Control group. Using the UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS metabolomics approach, 44 metabolites were found to be profoundly altered in the model group, and the levels of these biomarkers were significantly decreased after treatment with R. Scrophulariae. Forty-four metabolites and 13 signaling pathways related to R. Scrophulariae, including the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, primary bile acid biosynthesis and sphingolipid metabolism, were explored, and linoleic acid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism were identified as the most relevant metabolic pathways. In addition, the system pharmacol. paradigm revealed that R. Scrophulariae contains 83 active ingredients and is related to 795 genes, and 804 disease genes are related to hyperthyroidism. The construction of the R. Scrophulariaceae-chem. composition-target-hyperthyroidism network identified a total of 112 intersection genes. The enriched gene targets were analyzed, and five pathways were found to be enriched. Among them pathways, the HIF signaling pathway had the highest enrichment score, which indicated that this pathway might be the main signaling pathway related to the treatment of hyperthyroidism by R. Scrophulariae. The integrated approach involving metabolomics and network pharmacol. revealed that R. Scrophulariae might play a role in the treatment of hyperthyroidism by regulating the “IL6-APOA1-cholesterol” pathway and disturbing the HIF signaling pathway. The results demonstrate that the combination of metabolomics and network pharmacol. could be used to reflect the effects of R. Scrophulariae on the biol. network and metabolic state of hyperthyroidism and to evaluate the drug efficacy of R. Scrophulariaceae and its related mechanisms. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Recommanded Product: 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Recommanded Product: 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Bisdemethoxycurcumin-conjugated vitamin E TPGS liposomes ameliorate poor bioavailability of free form and evaluation of its analgesic and hypouricemic activity in oxonate-treated rats was written by Wang, Qilong;Liu, Jing;Liu, Jian;Thant, Yaminn;Weng, Wen;Wei, Chunmei;Bao, Rui;Adu-Frimpong, Michael;Yu, Qingtong;Deng, Wenwen;Cao, Xia;Toreniyazov, Elmurat;Ji, Hao;Xu, Ximing;Yu, Jiangnan. And the article was included in Journal of Nanoparticle Research in 2021.Computed Properties of C19H16O4 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Recently, bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), a constituent of turmeric, has been studied widely in view of their various therapeutic effects, namely anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory. Since ancient times, turmeric has been extensively used as a naturally occurring traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and as a crucial home remedy for treatment of many health problems such as inflammation and pain. However, the action of anti-gouty arthritis and analgesic activity of its constituents, especially BDMC, have not been scientifically reported yet. Despite the various bioactivities of BDMC, its utilization in clinics has been restricted owing to poor solubility and bioavailability. This research aimed at enhancing oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetic of BDMC via liposome formulation which was modified with D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS or vitamin E TPGS) and was characterized using various parameters both in vitro and in vivo. Also, the analgesic and anti-gouty activities of BDMC-loaded TPGS-modified liposomes were investigated by assessing pain threshold and serum uric acid level in potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemic rats. As the result, BDMC-loaded TPGS-modified liposomes were formulated successfully with optimal physiochem. properties such as 75.98 ± 5.46 nm (particle size), 0.246 ±0.011 (polydispersity index), – 38.21 ± 0.29 mV (zeta potential), 96.98 ± 0.17 (encapsulation efficiency (EE%)), and 4.84 ± 0.0089 (drug loading capacity (DL%)). Moreover, the oral bioavailability of liposomized BDMC was approx. 10-fold greater than free BDMC in vivo and in vitro cumulative release rates in pH 1.2 (78%) and pH 7 (68%) resp. This significantly improved the sustaining drug effect of BDMC compared with free form. In addition, BDMC-TPGS liposome acted as a xanthine oxidase inhibitor to evidently reduce uric acid level in potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemic rats and remarkably increase pain threshold capacity and reaction time in hot plate test at a dose-dependent manner. Altogether, BDMC-conjugated TPGS liposome could act as favorable nanocarriers against gouty arthritis and intense pain with prospect of overcoming the limitation of BDMC application. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0Computed Properties of C19H16O4).

Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0) belongs to ethers. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Computed Properties of C19H16O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Analysis of chemosensory markers in cigarette smoke from different tobacco varieties by GC×GC-TOFMS and chemometrics was written by Schwanz, Thiago G.;Bokowski, Liane V. V.;Marcelo, Marcelo C. A.;Jandrey, Angela C.;Dias, Jailson C.;Maximiano, Daniel H.;Canova, Luciana S.;Pontes, Oscar F. S.;Sabin, Guilherme P.;Kaiser, Samuel. And the article was included in Talanta in 2019.Computed Properties of C9H12O3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Com. cigarettes are made from a blend of different tobacco varieties, which in turn are the results of different agronomic practices and post-harvest curing processes. The highly complex mixture of smoke compounds reflects each tobacco variety and the levels of sensory-relevant markers. Therefore, the aim of this work was to identify potential relevant chemosensory markers in the mainstream smoke of four main types of com. tobaccos and establish any possible relationship between them and the tobacco growing/curing practices. The tobacco samples were segregated into four segments: (1) three curing stages of flue-cured Virginia, (2) three curing stages of air-cured Burley, (3) three geo-regions of sun-cured Oriental and (4) three different process applied to tobacco. One hundred and twenty cigarettes (10 batches per flavor category) were produced and smoked under standard machine-smoking protocols. The mainstream smoke samples collected were extracted and analyzed by GC × GC TOFMS. The processed data was analyzed by partial least square discriminant anal. (PLS-DA) and the selectivity ratio was used to identify key chemosensory markers responsible for the four segments. All models had sensitivity and specificity equal to unity. Flue-cured Virginia (193 markers) and air-cured Burley (184 markers) showed a similar trend for O-heterocycles markers in the lighter leaf colors and N-heterocycles in the darker leaf colors post-processing, but they had compounds of different flavor descriptions, e. g. sweet and nutty. The three geo-regions of sun-cured Oriental (290 markers) also presented O-heterocycles markers in correlation with leaf sugar contents in addition of sucrose esters markers. The three unusually processed tobacco generated many chem. markers (436 markers), some derived from the so-called Cavendish fermentation process with sweet, spicy and peppery notes, whereas the dark fermented air-cured tobacco presented similar descriptors as air-cured Burley. In addition, some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were detected as markers from the fire-curing process. The PLS-DA with selectivity ratio evidenced total of 1098 chemosensory markers in cigarette smoke, in which 173 were tentatively identified. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Computed Properties of C9H12O3).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Computed Properties of C9H12O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

The Untargeted Capability of NMR Helps Recognizing Nefarious Adulteration in Natural Products was written by Kim, Seon Beom;Bisson, Jonathan;Friesen, J. Brent;Bucchini, Luca;Gafner, Stefan;Lankin, David C.;Chen, Shao-Nong;Pauli, Guido F.;McAlpine, James B.. And the article was included in Journal of Natural Products in 2021.HPLC of Formula: 33171-05-0 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Curcuma longa (turmeric) has an extensive history of ethnomedical use for common ailments, and “curcumin”-containing dietary supplements (CDS) are a highly visible portion of today’s self-medication market. Owing to raw material cost pressure, CDS products are affected by economically motivated, nefarious adulteration with synthetic curcumin (“syncumin”), possibly leading to unexpected toxicol. issues due to “residual” impurities. Using a combination of targeted and untargeted (phyto)chem. anal., this study investigated the botanical integrity of two com. “turmeric” CDS with vitamin and other additives that were associated with reported clin. cases of hepatotoxicity. Analyzing multisolvent extracts of the CDS by 100% quant. ¹H NMR (qHNMR), alone and in combination with countercurrent separation (CCS), provided chem. fingerprints that allowed both the targeted identification and quantification of declared components and the untargeted recognition of adulteration. While confirming the presence of curcumin as a major constituent, the universal detection capability of NMR spectroscopy identification of significant residual impurities, including potentially toxic components. While the loss-free nature of CCS captured a wide polarity range of declared and unwanted chem. components, and also increased the dynamic range of the anal., (q)HNMR determined their mass proportions and chem. constitutions. The results demonstrate that NMR spectroscopy can recognize undeclared constituents even if they represent only a fraction of the mass balance of a dietary supplement product. The chem. information associated with the missing 4.8% and 7.4% (m/m) in the two com. samples, exhibiting an otherwise adequate curcumin content of 95.2% and 92.6%, resp., pointed to a product integrity issue and adulteration with undeclared synthetic curcumin. Impurities from synthesis are most plausibly the cause of the observed adverse clin. effects. The study exemplifies how the simultaneously targeted and untargeted anal. principle of the 100% qHNMR method, performed with entry-level high-field instrumentation (400 MHz), can enhance the safety of dietary supplements by identifying adulterated, non-natural “natural” products. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0HPLC of Formula: 33171-05-0).

Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0) belongs to ethers. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. HPLC of Formula: 33171-05-0

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Transcriptome analysis reveals the molecular mechanism of Yiqi Rougan decoction in reducing CCl₄-induced liver fbrosis in rats was written by Xiong, Yu;Hu, Jinyuan;Xuan, Chen;Tian, Jiayu;Tan, Kaiyue;Chen, Zhiwei;Luo, Yan;Du, Xuqin;Cheng, Junxiong;Zhang, Lanyue;Cao, Wenfu. And the article was included in Chinese Medicine (London, United Kingdom) in 2021.Recommanded Product: Bisdemethoxycurcumin The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Liver fibrosis develops from various chronic liver diseases, and there is currently a lack of specific treatment strategies. Yiqi Rougan decoction (YQRG) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has shown durative effects in the treatment of liver fibrosis; however, the mechanism associated with YQRG-related improvements in liver fibrosis remains to be exptl. determined This study evaluated the therapeutic effect of YQRG on carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-induced liver fibrosis in rats and its mol. mechanism. We used low-, medium-, and high-dose YQRG to treat CCl₄-induced liver fibrosis in rats, followed by assessment of liver injury and fibrosis according to liver appearance, body weight, liver mass index, histopathol. examination, and serum testing. Addnl., we performed transcriptome anal. using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) technol., including cluster, Gene Ontol. (GO), and pathway analyses, to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and protein and gene expression were detected by immunofluorescence (IFC), western blot and real-time quant. PCR. The results showed that YQRG effectively alleviated CCl₄-induced liver injury and fibrosis in rats, including observations of improved liver function, decreased activity of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), and decreased extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Moreover, we identified downregulated and upregulated DEGs in the model group relative to the control and YQRG-treated groups, with GO anal. revealing their enrichment in biol. processes, such as endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), apoptosis, and autophagy. Furthermore, pathway anal. showed that YQRG treatment downregulated the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt (PI3K/AKT) signalling pathways and upregulated other signalling pathways, including those related to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors(PPAR) and AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK), with these findings subsequently verified exptl. These findings showed that YQRG improved CCl₄-induced liver fibrosis through multiple mechanisms and pathways, offering critical insight into the YQRG-related therapeutic mechanism and promoting further research into its potential application. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0Recommanded Product: Bisdemethoxycurcumin).

Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0) belongs to ethers. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Recommanded Product: Bisdemethoxycurcumin

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem