Month: November 2022

Effect of the proportion of curcuminoids on the gastroprotective action of Curcuma longa L. in rats was written by Orona-Ortiz, Alejandra;Velazquez-Moyado, Josue A.;Pineda-Pena, Elizabeth A.;Balderas-Lopez, Jose Luis;Tavares Carvalho, Jose Carlos;Navarrete, Andres. And the article was included in Natural Product Research in 2021.Electric Literature of C19H16O4 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The gastroprotective effect of a turmeric acetone extract (TAE) (Curcuma longa L. [Zingiberaceae]) was evaluated and compared against its major curcuminoids; curcumin (CUR), demethoxycurcumin (DMC) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC). Addnl., to demonstrate the importance of the metabolites’ ratio in the extract on the synergistic effect, different mixtures were evaluated. An ethanol-induced gastric injury model was used to evaluate the gastroprotection activity in Wistar rats. The pharmacol. interaction anal. was performed using the Combination Index (CI)-Isobologram Equation method. The CI calculated at 0.5 of affected fraction (fa) for the TAE indicated a synergistic interaction between its components. However, when the proportion of curcuminoids changed from 3.7:1:10 in TAE to a 1:1:1 ratio, the CI implied an antagonistic effect. The binary combinations of curcuminoids (1:1) also showed an antagonistic interaction. The results of this work suggest that the proportion of curcuminoids in the TAE is crucial for the gastroprotective effect against ethanol-induced damage. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0Electric Literature of C19H16O4).

Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0) belongs to ethers. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Electric Literature of C19H16O4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion of the Main Olive Tree Phenols and Polyphenols: A Literature Review was written by Galmes, Sebastia;Reynes, Barbara;Palou, Mariona;Palou-March, Andreu;Palou, Andreu. And the article was included in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 2021.Application of 2380-78-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A review. The effects of olive tree (poly)phenols (OPs) are largely dependent upon their bioavailability and metabolization by humans. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) are fundamental for the nutritional efficacy and toxicol. impact of foods containing OPs. This review includes studies on the administration of hydroxytyrosol (HT), oleuropein (Ole), or other OPs and foods, products, or mixtures that contain them. Briefly, data from in vivo studies indicate that OPs are absorbable by intestinal cells. Both absorption and bioavailability depend upon each compound and/or the matrix in which it is contained. OPs metabolism begins in enterocytes and can also continue in the liver. Metabolic phase I mainly consists of the hydrolysis of Ole, which results in an increase in the HT content. Phase II metabolic reactions involve the conjugation of (poly)phenols mainly with glucuronide and sulfate groups. This review offers a complete perspective of the ADME processes of OPs, which could support the future nutritional and/or toxicol. studies in this area. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Application of 2380-78-1).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Application of 2380-78-1

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

In vitro and in silico evaluation of EGFR targeting activities of curcumin and its derivatives was written by Liang, Yuan;Zhao, Jingqi;Zou, Haoyang;Zhang, Jie;Zhang, Tiehua. And the article was included in Food & Function in 2021.Quality Control of Bisdemethoxycurcumin The following contents are mentioned in the article:

As polyphenols from Curcuma longa, curcumin and its derivatives possess numerous bioactivities. Herein, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeting activities of curcumin and its derivatives, as well as their structure-activity relationship were investigated. All of the tested compounds exhibited significant inhibition activities against EGFR kinase in homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence assay. Then their antiproliferative activities against Caco-2 were confirmed. The expressions of EGFR and phospho-EGFR proteins were regulated by curcumin and its derivatives The 3,5-dione and methoxyl groups exerted significant influence on their electrostatic interactions with EGFR. Both hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic contacts were crucial for their binding with EGFR. Interestingly, their EGFR targeting activities were structure-dependent. The binding stabilities of curcumin and its derivatives were different from each other due to their structural diversity. This work indicated that curcumin and its derivatives were potential tyrosine kinase inhibitors that target EGFR. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0Quality Control of Bisdemethoxycurcumin).

Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0) belongs to ethers. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Quality Control of Bisdemethoxycurcumin

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Chemical constituents from the stems of Machilus philippinensis Merr. and the neuroprotective activity of cinnamophilin was written by Tai, Shih-Huang;Kuo, Ping-Chung;Lam, Sio Hong;Huang, Shiow-Chyn;Kuo, Yi-Zhuan;Hung, Hsin-Yi;Liou, Meei-Jen;Shieh, Po-Chuen;Lee, E.-Jian;Wu, Tian-Shung. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2019.COA of Formula: C9H12O3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The Machilus genus (Lauraceae) had been extensively utilized in folk medicine due to its broad range of bioactivities. In the present study, a series of chromatog. separation of the methanol extract of stems of M. philippinensis led to the identification of thirty eight compounds totally. Among these, biscinnamophilin (1), machilupins A-C (2-4), machilutone A (5), and machilusoxide A (6) were new compounds reported for the first time. In addition, 5 was characterized with a unprecedented carbon skeleton. Other known compounds, including the major compounds cinnamophilin (7) and meso-dihydroguaiaretic acid (8), are identified by comparison of their phys. and spectroscopic data with reported values. One of the reported compounds, cinnamophilin A (10), should be revised as dehydroguaiaretic acid (9) after careful comparison of all the ¹H and ¹³ C NMR data. Moreover, the neuroprotective activity of cinnamophilin (7) was examined in a primary cortical neuron culture and the results indicated that 7 was effective against glutamate induced excitotoxicity. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1COA of Formula: C9H12O3).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.COA of Formula: C9H12O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Isolation of natural flavoring compounds from cooperage woods by pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) was written by Alarcon, Marina;Diaz-Maroto, M. Consuelo;Perez-Coello, M. Soledad;Alanon, M. Elena. And the article was included in Holzforschung in 2019.Computed Properties of C9H12O3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Cooperage woods are rich in volatile compounds responsible for pleasant aromas described as coconut, vanilla, spice, caramel, toasty, etc. In the present work, the hot water extraction under 103 bar pressure of natural flavoring compounds from cooperage wood residues is described. It was possible to obtain aqueous extracts rich in diverse volatile compounds from the following wood species: oak (Quercus alba and Quercus petraea), chestnut (Castanea sativa), cherry (Prunus avium), false acacia (Robinia pseudoacacia) and lenga (Nothofagus pumilio), while the concentration of the components is similar to that obtained with organic solvents. The gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) anal. of aqueous extracts shows a wide spectrum of natural flavoring compounds, the composition of which are species dependent. The extracts exhibit antioxidant properties. Water extraction under subcritical conditions offers the possibility of a sustainable recovery of natural flavorings and antioxidant compounds from cooperage woods, which are well suited for application in the food industry. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Computed Properties of C9H12O3).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Computed Properties of C9H12O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

EED-Targeted PROTACs Degrade EED, EZH2, and SUZ12 in the PRC2 Complex was written by Hsu, Jessie Hao-Ru;Rasmusson, Timothy;Robinson, James;Pachl, Fiona;Read, Jon;Kawatkar, Sameer;O’ Donovan, Daniel H.;Bagal, Sharan;Code, Erin;Rawlins, Philip;Argyrou, Argyrides;Tomlinson, Ronald;Gao, Ning;Zhu, Xiahui;Chiarparin, Elisabetta;Jacques, Kelly;Shen, Minhui;Woods, Haley;Bednarski, Emma;Wilson, David M.;Drew, Lisa;Castaldi, M. Paola;Fawell, Stephen;Bloecher, Andrew. And the article was included in Cell Chemical Biology in 2020.Formula: C13H12O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Deregulation of the PRC2 complex, comprised of the core subunits EZH2, SUZ12, and EED, drives aberrant hypermethylation of H3K27 and tumorigenicity of many cancers. Although inhibitors of EZH2 have shown promising clin. activity, preclin. data suggest that resistance can be acquired through secondary mutations in EZH2 that abrogate drug target engagement. To address these limitations, we have designed several hetero-bifunctional PROTACs (proteolysis-targeting chimera) to efficiently target EED for elimination. Our PROTACs bind to EED (pK_D ~9.0) and promote ternary complex formation with the E3 ubiquitin ligase. The PROTACs potently inhibit PRC2 enzyme activity (pIC₅₀ ~8.1) and induce rapid degradation of not only EED but also EZH2 and SUZ12 within the PRC2 complex. Furthermore, the PROTACs selectively inhibit proliferation of PRC2-dependent cancer cells (half maximal growth inhibition [GI₅₀] = 49-58 nM). In summary, our data demonstrate a therapeutic modality to target PRC2-dependent cancer through a PROTAC-mediated degradation mechanism. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2Formula: C13H12O2).

4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2) belongs to ethers. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Formula: C13H12O2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

EED-Targeted PROTACs Degrade EED, EZH2, and SUZ12 in the PRC2 Complex was written by Hsu, Jessie Hao-Ru;Rasmusson, Timothy;Robinson, James;Pachl, Fiona;Read, Jon;Kawatkar, Sameer;O’ Donovan, Daniel H.;Bagal, Sharan;Code, Erin;Rawlins, Philip;Argyrou, Argyrides;Tomlinson, Ronald;Gao, Ning;Zhu, Xiahui;Chiarparin, Elisabetta;Jacques, Kelly;Shen, Minhui;Woods, Haley;Bednarski, Emma;Wilson, David M.;Drew, Lisa;Castaldi, M. Paola;Fawell, Stephen;Bloecher, Andrew. And the article was included in Cell Chemical Biology in 2020.Name: 4-Benzyloxyphenol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Deregulation of the PRC2 complex, comprised of the core subunits EZH2, SUZ12, and EED, drives aberrant hypermethylation of H3K27 and tumorigenicity of many cancers. Although inhibitors of EZH2 have shown promising clin. activity, preclin. data suggest that resistance can be acquired through secondary mutations in EZH2 that abrogate drug target engagement. To address these limitations, we have designed several hetero-bifunctional PROTACs (proteolysis-targeting chimera) to efficiently target EED for elimination. Our PROTACs bind to EED (pK_D ~9.0) and promote ternary complex formation with the E3 ubiquitin ligase. The PROTACs potently inhibit PRC2 enzyme activity (pIC₅₀ ~8.1) and induce rapid degradation of not only EED but also EZH2 and SUZ12 within the PRC2 complex. Furthermore, the PROTACs selectively inhibit proliferation of PRC2-dependent cancer cells (half maximal growth inhibition [GI₅₀] = 49-58 nM). In summary, our data demonstrate a therapeutic modality to target PRC2-dependent cancer through a PROTAC-mediated degradation mechanism. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2Name: 4-Benzyloxyphenol).

4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2) belongs to ethers. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Name: 4-Benzyloxyphenol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of lower oxyethylenated aliphatic alcohols was written by Komarek, Karel;Pitthard, Vaclav;Kostrubanicova, Eva;Skvarenina, Stanislav;Hoffmann, Jaromir. And the article was included in Journal of Chromatography A in 1997.COA of Formula: C10H22O3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Capillary gas chromatog.-mass spectrometric (CGC-MS) anal. was carried out on alkylpoly(ethylene glycol) ethers, derived from ethoxylation of C₄-C₁₀ alcs., both as synthetic mixtures and as residues in water after their biodegradation MS was used for the acquisition of spectra and for the recording of retention times and the areas of eluted components. Especially, alkylpoly(ethylene glycol) ethers were identified by a combination of electron impact (EI) mass spectra and by correlating their relative retention times with the structure of the mols. Using these correlations, the length of both the poly(ethylene glycol) part and the alkyl part of a mol. were determined Retention times of the eluted components were used for calculation of the relative retention characteristics. The peak areas were used to determine the concentration decreases of individual components as a function of the degradation time. Alkylpoly(ethylene glycol) ethers were analyzed in both the non-derivatized form and after their conversion to trimethylsilyl derivatives and acetates. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4COA of Formula: C10H22O3).

2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4) belongs to ethers. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.COA of Formula: C10H22O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Identification of Bacillus strains producing glycosidases active on rutin and grape glycosidic aroma precursors was written by Haure, Maxime;Chi Nguyen, Thi Kim;Cendres, Aurelie;Perino, Sandrine;Wache, Yves;Licandro, Helene. And the article was included in LWT–Food Science and Technology in 2022.Computed Properties of C9H12O3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Most of the glycosidic aroma precursors in grape consist of diglycosides such as rutinoside. Yeast glycosidases have been extensively studied but their activity is limited to monoglucosidic precursors. Yet, there is no study about application of glycosidases active on rutinoside in grape. In this study, we screened Bacillus isolates for their glycosidase activities on rutin and grape aroma precursors. One Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and one Bacillus licheniformis strains produced extracellular glycosidases, active on both rutin and para-nitrophenol-α-L-rhamnoside. The specific rutinosidic activities were 6.2 and 4.1 pkat/mg resp., and supernatants were active on Muscat grape glycosidic aroma precursors. Both strains were able to release monoterpenoids and benzenoids. The most released monoterpenoid in grape pomace was neric acid, with 378μg/kg and the most released benzenoid was 2-phenylethanol, with 189μg/kg for B. licheniformis. These glycosidases are interesting tools to target rutinosidic glycosides in grape and can be applied as a new way for valorising grape pomace. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Computed Properties of C9H12O3).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Computed Properties of C9H12O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

ReO_x/AC-Catalyzed Cleavage of C-O Bonds in Lignin Model Compounds and Alkaline Lignins was written by Zhang, Bo;Qi, Zaojuan;Li, Xinxin;Ji, Jianwei;Luo, Wenhao;Li, Changzhi;Wang, Aiqin;Zhang, Tao. And the article was included in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering in 2019.Related Products of 103-16-2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

An effective method for the cleavage of the C-O bonds in lignin α-O-4 dimers and various alk. lignins including the lignin from pulp industry was developed over a heterogeneous ReO_x/AC catalyst. High yield of aromatic monomers (up to 98.0%) from α-O-4 model compounds and up to 80.1% lignin oil with 24.5% yield of monomers from realistic lignin were obtained under optimized conditions. Alk. poplar lignin provided syringylpropane and 4-propenylsyringol with the highest yield of 6.6% and 7.4%, resp. The active sites of ReO_x/AC could be assigned to Re^IV-VI according to XPS and EXAFS characterization. The lignin structures of different botanical species (hardwood, softwood and herbaceous crop) were compared and the activity of ReO_x/AC on these lignins was studied in detail. GPC and 2D HSQC NMR anal. of isolated lignin and lignin oil showed that hardwood lignin was more liable to be deconstructed than softwood and grass lignins due to the less amounts of β-5 linkages, lower mol. weight and richer syringyl (S) units in hardwood lignin. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2Related Products of 103-16-2).

4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2) belongs to ethers. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Related Products of 103-16-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem