Month: January 2023

Enantioselective iridium-catalyzed carbonyl isoprenylation via alcohol-mediated hydrogen transfer was written by Xiang, Ming;Luo, Guoshun;Wang, Yuankai;Krische, Michael J.. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2019.COA of Formula: C7H9NO2 This article mentions the following:

Highly enantioselective iridium catalyzed carbonyl (2-vinyl)allylation or “isoprenylation” was developed for the synthesis of methylenealkenols I [R = cyclopropyl, 2-FC₆H₄, 2-thienyl, etc.] via hydrogen auto-transfer or 2-propanol-mediated reductive coupling of primary alcs. or aldehydes, resp. with tert-butyl-2-methylenebut-3-enyl carbonate. Using this method, asym. total syntheses of the terpenoid natural products, (+)-ipsenol and (+)-ipsdienol were also achieved. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (6-Methoxypyridin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 63071-12-5COA of Formula: C7H9NO2).

(6-Methoxypyridin-2-yl)methanol (cas: 63071-12-5) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.COA of Formula: C7H9NO2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Studies on mixed trialkyltin derivatives. VII. Studies of [(phenyldimethylsilyl)methyl]dicyclohexyltin carboxylates was written by Xie, Qing-lan;Sha, Yin-lin;Yang, Zhi-qiang. And the article was included in Chemical Research in Chinese Universities in 1995.Reference of 1877-75-4 This article mentions the following:

Seventeen derivatives of mixed trialkyltin carboxylates (PhMe₂SiCH₂)Cy₂SnO₂CR were synthesized from ((PhMe₂SiCH₂)Cy₂Sn)₂O and RCO₂H. The results of IR, NMR (¹H, ¹³C, ¹¹⁹Sn) and MS showed that this kind of compounds is four-coordinated and that there are two good linear relations between the δ ¹¹⁹Sn and Hammett constants of para-substituent of the corresponding aryloxyacetates and arylcarboxylates. These compounds have a good acaricidal activity in the preliminary bioassay tests. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4Reference of 1877-75-4).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Reference of 1877-75-4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Bifunctional Cinchona Alkaloid Thiourea Catalyzed Highly Efficient, Enantioselective Aza-Henry Reaction of Cyclic Trifluoromethyl Ketimines: Synthesis of Anti-HIV Drug DPC 083 was written by Xie, Hexin;Zhang, Yinan;Zhang, Shilei;Chen, Xiaobei;Wang, Wei. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2011.Reference of 56619-93-3 This article mentions the following:

A novel highly efficient bifunctional cinchona alkaloid thiourea catalyzed enantioselective aza-Henry reaction of trifluoromethylquinazolinones with nitromethanes is reported. The reaction provides enantioenriched trifluoromethyl nitromethyl dihydroquinazolinones in good yields and enantioselectivities. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)pivalamide (cas: 56619-93-3Reference of 56619-93-3).

N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)pivalamide (cas: 56619-93-3) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Reference of 56619-93-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Photochemical Cleavage and Release of Para-Substituted Phenols from α-Keto Amides was written by Ma, Chicheng;Chen, Yugang;Steinmetz, Mark G.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2006.Product Details of 1877-75-4 This article mentions the following:

In aqueous media α-keto amides 4-YC₆H₄OCH₂COCON(R)CH(R’)CH₃ (5a, R = Et, R’ = H; 5b, R = ⁱPr, R’ = Me) with para-substituted phenolic substituents (Y = CN, CF₃, H) undergo photocleavage and release of 4-YC₆H₄OH with formation of 5-methyleneoxazolidin-4-ones 7a,b. For both 5a,b quantum yields range from 0.2 to 0.3. The proposed mechanism involves transfer of hydrogen from an N-alkyl group to the keto oxygen to produce zwitterionic intermediates 8a–c that eliminate the para-substituted phenolate leaving groups. The resultant iminium ions H₂C:C(OH)CON⁺(R):C(R’)CH₃ 9a,b cyclize intramolecularly to give 7a,b. The quantum yields for photoelimination decrease in CH₃CN, CH₂Cl₂, or C₆H₆ due to competing cyclization of 8a,b to give oxazolidin-4-one products which retain the leaving group 4-YC₆H₄O^– (Y = H, CN). A greater tendency to undergo cyclization in nonaqueous media is observed for the N,N-di-Et amides 5a than the N,N-diisopropyl amides 5b. With para electron releasing groups Y = CH₃ and OCH₃ quantum yields for photoelimination significantly decrease and 1,3-photorearrangement of the phenolic group is observed The 1,3-rearrangement involves excited state ArO-C bond homolysis to give para-substituted phenoxyl radicals, which can be observed directly in laser flash photolysis experiments In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4Product Details of 1877-75-4).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Product Details of 1877-75-4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

GC/MS, HPLC and FAB mass spectrometric analysis of organic micropollutants in Barcelona’s water supply was written by Rivera, Josep;Ventura Josep;Caixach, Josep;De Torres, Mariona;Figueras, Albert. And the article was included in International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry in 1987.Application In Synthesis of 1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol This article mentions the following:

Water samples from the Llobregat River entering 2 water work plants, Barcelona tap water, and waste dumping samples taken along the river course were analyzed for trace organic contaminants by different procedures, liquid-liquid extraction, adsorption on granular activated C followed by gas chromatog./mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Ether-insoluble organic fractions were analyzed and fractionated by HPLC with diode-array detection, followed by fast-atom bombardment (FAB) and fast-atom bombardment-collision induced dissociation-MIKES characterization. The results, after 2 yrs of monitoring, proved that surfactants, plasticizers, ethylene glycol derivatives, phosphates, hydrocarbons, and other miscellaneous compounds are considered chronic pollutants of the Llobregat River. Some of the compounds identified by GC/MS and FAB mass spectrometry have not been previously reported to occur in water. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol (cas: 20324-33-8Application In Synthesis of 1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol).

1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol (cas: 20324-33-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Application In Synthesis of 1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Enantioselective Copper-Catalyzed Formal [2+1] and [4+1] Annulations of Diynes with Ketones via Carbonyl Ylides was written by Qi, Lin-Jun;Li, Cui-Ting;Huang, Zheng-Qi;Jiang, Jia-Tian;Zhu, Xin-Qi;Lu, Xin;Ye, Long-Wu. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2022.Application In Synthesis of 4-Iodo-1-methoxy-2-methylbenzene This article mentions the following:

Carbonyl ylides have proven to be powerful synthons for the efficient construction of various valuable O-heterocycles, and the formation of carbonyl ylides by the reaction of metal carbenes with carbonyls has attracted increasing attention over the past decades. However, a catalyst-controlled highly enantioselective reaction of carbonyl ylides from metal carbenes is extremely challenging. Herein, a novel copper-catalyzed asym. formal [2+1] and [4+1] annulations of diynes with ketones via carbonyl ylides is reported. Importantly, this protocol not only represents the first example of successful asym. epoxidation via carbonyl ylides, but also constitutes the first reaction of vinyl cations with carbonyl compounds This method leads to the divergent, practical and atom-economical synthesis of a range of chiral oxiranes and dihydrofurans in moderate to excellent yields with generally excellent enantioselectivities and diastereoselectivities via remote-stereocontrol strategy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Iodo-1-methoxy-2-methylbenzene (cas: 75581-11-2Application In Synthesis of 4-Iodo-1-methoxy-2-methylbenzene).

4-Iodo-1-methoxy-2-methylbenzene (cas: 75581-11-2) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Application In Synthesis of 4-Iodo-1-methoxy-2-methylbenzene

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Metal-Free Oxidative para Cross-Coupling of Phenols was written by Morimoto, Koji;Sakamoto, Kazuma;Ohnishi, Yusuke;Miyamoto, Takeshi;Ito, Motoki;Dohi, Toshifumi;Kita, Yasuyuki. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2013.Application In Synthesis of 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane This article mentions the following:

A broadly applicable oxidative cross-coupling reaction of phenols (at the para position) with various arenes is described to obtain biaryls, e.g., I. This versatile hypervalent-iodine(III)-induced oxidative coupling operates under mild reaction conditions without the use of expensive catalysts, and tolerates a diverse range of the arene coupling partners. As the phenol rapidly interacts with the iodine reagent, homo-coupling of the starting materials and over-oxidation of the coupling products are avoided. The reaction has the addnl. benefit of being free of metal catalysts and not requiring prefunctionalization of the starting materials. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4Application In Synthesis of 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane).

2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Application In Synthesis of 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

All-Solid-State Vertical Three-Terminal N-Type Organic Synaptic Devices for Neuromorphic Computing was written by Xie, Zhichao;Zhuge, Chenyu;Zhao, Yanfei;Xiao, Wei;Fu, Yujun;Yang, Dongliang;Zhang, Shunpeng;Li, Yingtao;Wang, Qi;Wang, Yazhou;Yue, Wan;McCulloch, Iain;He, Deyan. And the article was included in Advanced Functional Materials in 2022.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Artificial synaptic devices are the basic composition units for neuromorphic computing processors that realize massive parallel computing. However, the n-type organic transistors have failed to achieve good performance as an artificial synaptic device for neuromorphic computing until now. Here, a vertical three-terminal n-type organic artificial synapse (TNOAS) using a lithium ion-based organic dielec. and the n-type donor-acceptor (D-A) conjugated polymer-naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic-diimide-thiophene-vinyl-thiophene (NDI-gTVT) as the channel is proposed. The TNOAS achieves nonvolatile conductance modulation with high c.d. operation (�0 KA cm^-2) at low voltage and mimics the basic functions of biol. synapses, such as long-term synaptic plasticity and paired-pulse facilitation. The min. energy consumption of a response event triggered by a single action potential is 6.16 pJ, which can be comparable with p-type counterparts. Moreover, simulation using handwritten digital datasets exhibit a high recognition accuracy of 94%. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Covalently decorated crown ethers on magnetic graphene oxides as bi-functional adsorbents with tailorable ion recognition properties for selective metal ion capture in water was written by Nisola, Grace M.;Parohinog, Khino J.;Cho, Min Kyung;Burnea, Francis Kirby B.;Lee, Jin Yong;Seo, Jeong Gil;Lee, Seong-Poong;Chung, Wook-Jin. And the article was included in Chemical Engineering Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands) in 2020.Recommanded Product: 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane This article mentions the following:

Metal ions (Mⁿ⁺) in water are considered as environmental pollutants, as industrial impurities or as potential secondary sources for valuable metals. Increasing generation of complex feed streams has raised the need for more specialized adsorbents that could preferentially capture the target Mⁿ⁺. While graphene oxide (GO) is an effective adsorbent, its indiscriminate sequestration neg. affects its selectivity. To meet the growing demand for more Mⁿ⁺-selective materials, GO adsorbents with dual features of ion recognition and magnetic responsiveness were developed. The bi-functional GOs were fabricated by in-situ nucleation of Fe₃O₄ nanoclusters on GO oxygenous groups and by direct grafting of ethynylbenzene linkers on its backbone, which served as tethering sites for the macrocyclic crown ether (CEs) ligands with tunable Mⁿ⁺ affinities (i.e. CE@Fe₃O₄-rGO). As proof-of-concept, 12CE4@Fe₃O₄-rGO was proven highly selective for Li⁺ capture, achieving α = 367-14,513 against Na⁺, K⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺ in seawater. Its Langmuir-type Li⁺ adsorption achieved nearly âˆ?00% 12CE4 utilization (1.03 mmol g^-1 CE loading). Its pseudo-second uptake rate demonstrated its rapid Li⁺ capture. 12CE4@Fe₃O₄-rGO is water-dispersible, magnetically retrievable, and recyclable with consistent Li⁺ uptake performance. By replacing the CEs with aza15CE5, aza18CE6 and dibenzo-24CE8, three more types of CE@Fe₃O₄-rGOs (1.24-1.71 mmol CE g^-1) were successfully synthesized with varying affinities towards heavy metals, radionuclides and alkali metal ions. These findings highlight the versatility of the proposed technique in producing a wide selection of CE@Fe₃O₄-rGOs which can be used for selective Mⁿ⁺ capture in various application for water decontamination, salts removal, and resource recovery. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Recommanded Product: 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Recommanded Product: 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of 1,1-disubstituted 1,3-dihydrobenzo[c]furans from prochiral triynes and internal alkynes was written by Ye, Fei;Haddad, Mansour;Ratovelomanana-Vidal, Virginie;Michelet, Veronique. And the article was included in Catalysis Communications in 2018.Recommanded Product: 16356-02-8 This article mentions the following:

The cationic rhodium/BINAP system was found to be an efficient catalytic system for the [2+2+2] cycloaddition of prochiral triynes with internal alkynes. The optimization of the catalytic system allowed the construction of 1,1-disubstituted 1,3-dihydrobenzo[c]furans I [R¹ = Me, n-Pr, t-Bu, Ph; R² = n-Bu, Ph; R³ = Me, SiMe₃; R⁴ = CH₂OMe, CH₂OAc, CH₂OC(O)t-Bu, CH₂CO₂Me, CH₂OC(O)Ph] containing a quaternary carbon stereogenic centers in fair yields and moderate enantiomeric excesses. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8Recommanded Product: 16356-02-8).

1,4-Dimethoxy-2-butyne (cas: 16356-02-8) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Recommanded Product: 16356-02-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem