Month: January 2023

New fluorescent sensors based on 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinoline skeleton was written by Mac, Marek;Uchacz, Tomasz;Wrobel, Tomasz;Danel, Andrzej;Kulig, Ewa. And the article was included in Journal of Fluorescence in 2010.Synthetic Route of C10H21NO4 This article mentions the following:

Two novel fluorescing yellow dyes, 1,3,4-triphenyl-6-(1,4,7,10-tetraoxa-13-aza-cyclopentadec-13-ylmethyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinoline and 2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)-(1,3,4-triphenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinolin-6-ylmethyl)-amino]ethanol have been synthesized and investigated by the means of steady state and time-resolved fluorescence techniques. These compounds act as sensors for the fluorescence detection of small inorganic cations (lithium, sodium, barium, magnesium, and calcium) in solvents of different polarities (THF and acetonitrile). The mechanism, which allows application of these compounds as sensors, is an electron transfer from the electro-donative part of mol. to the acceptor part (fluorophore), which is retarded upon complexation of the electro-donative part by the inorganic cations. We found that the crown ether-containing compound is very sensitive to the addition of any investigated ions but the amino alc.-containing dye exhibits better selectivity to the addition of divalent cations. Two kinds of complexes were found in the investigated systems. In addition, the dyes may be used as fluorescence indicators in solvents of lower polarity like THF. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Synthetic Route of C10H21NO4).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Synthetic Route of C10H21NO4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

A new diversity oriented and metal-free approach to highly functionalized 3H-pyrimidin-4-ones was written by Riva, Renata;Banfi, Luca;Basso, Andrea;Zito, Paola. And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2011.Recommanded Product: 1877-75-4 This article mentions the following:

A new synthesis of functionalized 3H-pyrimidin-4-ones is presented. The strategy is based on the synthetic elaboration of readily available α-substituted β-ketoesters that, upon transformation into the corresponding acyl enamines, have been cyclized to give 6H-1,3-oxazin-6-ones. These reactive intermediates have been in turn cleanly converted into highly functionalized pyrimidinones, by treatment with an appropriate primary amine. The whole sequence does not need the use of any metal mediator or catalyst. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4Recommanded Product: 1877-75-4).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Recommanded Product: 1877-75-4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Second generation 4-(4-methyl-1H-indol-5-ylamino)-2-phenylthieno[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carbonitrile PKCθ inhibitors was written by Wu, Biqi;Boschelli, Diane H.;Lee, Julie;Yang, Xiaoke;Chaudhary, Divya. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2009.SDS of cas: 480424-49-5 This article mentions the following:

Thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carbonitrile 16 with a 4-methyl-5-indolylamine at C-4 and a 5-methoxy-2-(dimethylamino)-methylphenyl group at C-2 had an IC₅₀ value of 16 nM for the inhibition of PKCθ. While moderate inhibition of PKCδ was also observed (IC₅₀ = 130 nM), 16 had IC₅₀ values of greater than 5 μM against Lyn and other members of the Src kinase family. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Formyl-2-methoxyphenylboronic acid (cas: 480424-49-5SDS of cas: 480424-49-5).

3-Formyl-2-methoxyphenylboronic acid (cas: 480424-49-5) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.SDS of cas: 480424-49-5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Thermal Properties of Macrocyclic Polyethers: Implications for the Design of Crown Ether-Based Ionic Liquids was written by Pawlak, Alan J.;Dietz, Mark L.. And the article was included in Separation Science and Technology (Philadelphia, PA, United States) in 2014.Application In Synthesis of 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane This article mentions the following:

The most commonly studied classes of ionic liquids (ILs) comprise relatively large and asym. heterocyclic cations (e.g., diakylimidazolium or N-alkylpyridinium) in combination with any of a wide variety of inorganic (e.g., BF₄^–, Cl^–) or organic (e.g., bis[(trifluoromethyl-sulfonyl)imide], Tf₂N^–) anions. Recently it has been shown that ILs can also be formed by complexation reactions of metal cations (e.g., Li⁺, as its Tf₂N^– salt) with various neutral ligands (e.g., cyclohexano-15-crown-5 or alkylamines). Because the upper limit of the useful temperature range of any IL is governed by its thermal stability, and because the thermal stability of a neutral ligand (i.e., its propensity to either volatilize or decompose) is of obvious importance in determining that of an IL prepared from it, a systematic examination of the thermal properties of a series of macrocyclic polyethers of potential utility in the synthesis of new ILs has been undertaken. The results showed that the temperature corresponding to the onset of mass loss upon heating (i.e., evaporation and/or decomposition) varied with the ring size, substitution, nature of the donor atoms, and stereochem. of the macrocycle, but is most strongly influenced by the mol. weight and aromatic content of the compound In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Application In Synthesis of 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Application In Synthesis of 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Copper-Mediated Sequential Cyanation of Aryl C-B and Arene C-H Bonds Using Ammonium Iodide and DMF was written by Kim, Jinho;Choi, Jiho;Shin, Kwangmin;Chang, Sukbok. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2012.Quality Control of 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane This article mentions the following:

The cyanation of aromatic boronic acids, boronate esters, and borate salts was developed under copper-mediated oxidative conditions using ammonium iodide and DMF as the source of nitrogen and carbon atom of the cyano unit, resp. The procedure was successfully extended to the cyanation of electron-rich benzenes, and regioselective introduction of a cyano group at the arene C-H bonds was also achieved. The observation that the reaction proceeds via a two-step process, initial iodination and then cyanation, led us to propose that ammonium iodide plays a dual role to provide iodide and nitrogen atom of the cyano moiety. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4Quality Control of 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane).

2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 365564-07-4) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Quality Control of 2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Reusable homogeneous metal- and additive-free photocatalyst for high-performance aerobic oxidation of alcohols to carboxylic acids was written by Cui, Jing-Wang;Ma, Shuai;Rao, Cai-Hui;Jia, Meng-Ze;Yao, Xin-Rong;Zhang, Jie. And the article was included in Applied Catalysis, B: Environmental in 2022.Recommanded Product: (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

How to realize the recycling of homogeneous catalysts has been a great challenge for chemists. In this background, a new pyridinium compound was synthesized and applied in selective photocatalytic oxidation This photocatalytic system is advantageous in accelerating the transformation of alcs. into acids by two consecutive routes, including (1) photocatalytic oxidation of alcs. to aldehydes; (2) photocatalytic oxidation and autoxidation of aldehydes to acids. By activating mol. oxygen into ·O^-2 and ¹O₂, the system displays advantages of high efficiency and simplicity, as well as environment-friendly nature without metals or additives. Attractively, this compound as a homogeneous catalyst can be reused by direct filtration of products profiting from its high performance and stability. The present work develops a new approach to achieve an efficient and recyclable aerobic oxidation of alcs. into acids by using pyridinium-based photocatalysts and provides a valuable insight into the separation and recycling of homogeneous catalysts for economic compatibility and industrial application. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Recommanded Product: (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Recommanded Product: (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis of Polysubstituted 3-Methylisoquinolines through the π-Electron Cyclization/Elimination of 1-Azatrienes derived from 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine was written by Vargas, Didier F.;Larghi, Enrique L.;Kaufman, Teodoro S.. And the article was included in European Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2018.Safety of 3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde This article mentions the following:

A convenient one pot microwave-assisted π-electron cyclization/aromatization approach for the synthesis of 3-methylisoquinolines I [R¹ = H, Me; R² = R³ = R⁴ = H, OMe; R⁵ = H, Me, Bn, etc.] was reported. The starting 1-azatriene derivatives were prepared in situ by reaction of 2-propenylbenzaldehydes with 1,1-dimethylhydrazine, which exhibited superior performance when compared with other hydrazine derivatives Minor amounts of the related 3,4-dihydro isoquinolines II were formed concomitantly with the isoquinolines, and a mechanism for their generation was proposed. In general, the transformation proceeded in moderate to good yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 57179-35-8Safety of 3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde).

3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 57179-35-8) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Safety of 3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Musk strawberries: the flavour of a formerly famous fruit reassessed was written by Pet’ka, Jan;Leitner, Erich;Parameswaran, Baskaran. And the article was included in Flavour and Fragrance Journal in 2012.Synthetic Route of C11H16O3 This article mentions the following:

Fruits of wildly growing and naturally ripened musk strawberries (Fragaria moschata) from two highland sites were studied during two seasons. The fruits were characterized on site by two flavourists and a full profile of the volatile compounds was extracted immediately after collection using solid phase extraction and analyzed by gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatog.-olfactometry (GC-O). The aroma of whole fruits was characterized with dynamic headspace coupled to GC-MS. Single fruits evaluated on site were characterized by green, spicy, seedy and sweet exotic notes, while the fruit bunches showed a complex tropical smell. More than 100 distinctive volatile compounds were detected by GC-MS. Some of them are reported for the first time in the Fragaria species, most notably the abundant coniferyl alc. GC-O revealed that mesifuran, eugenol, Me butyrate, furaneol and 3-mercaptohexyl acetate were the key components of the highland musk strawberry flavor. A comparison of the volatile pattern with the much more known woodland strawberry (F. vesca) from a nearby location contrasted the differences in the volatile composition of the musk strawberry. Repeated anal. of fruits harvested 2 years after the first vintage confirmed these data. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3Synthetic Route of C11H16O3).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Synthetic Route of C11H16O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Oxidative degradation of wood. V. Identification of noncarboxylic aromatic products of alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation was written by Naveau, H. P.;Wu, Y. T.;Brink, D. L.;Merriman, M. M.;Bicho, J. G.. And the article was included in Tappi in 1972.Formula: C11H16O3 This article mentions the following:

Several compds, with reduced side chains, e.g. methylated vanillyl alc., dihydroconiferyl alc., and 5-hydroxymethylvanillin, were isolated by sequential methylation and extraction of the products from the alk. PhNO2 oxidation of white fir wood meal. Alk. hydrolysis of lignin structures, such as guaiacylglycerol β-aryl ether and others, probably gave intermediates which formed the above products. Alk. degradation occurred simultaneously with PhNO2 oxidation The sequential methylation gave carboxy-free and carboxy-containing fractions; further separation into compounds containing, or free of, the aldehyde function simplified gas chromatog. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3Formula: C11H16O3).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Formula: C11H16O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Different sensitivities of Selenastrum capricornutum and toxic strain Microcystis aeruginosa to exudates from two potamogeton species was written by Zhang, Sheng-hua;Sun, Pei-shi;Ge, Fang-jie;Wu, Zhen-bin. And the article was included in Polish Journal of Environmental Studies in 2011.Product Details of 20324-33-8 This article mentions the following:

The sensitivities of Selenastrum capricornutum and the toxic strain Microcystis aeruginosa to exudates from Potamogeton maackianus and P. malaianus were compared using exudation experiment, and the potential allelochems. released by these two pondweeds into surrounding water were also analyzed. The growth of S. capricornutum and M. aeruginosa was inhibited by the exudates from the two macrophytes. Compared to the control, the cell densities of S. capricornutum decreased by 42.7% and 61.9% in 2.5 and 5 g·L^-1 FW P. maackianus treatments, and the cell densities of S. capricornutum also decreased by 65.8% and 73.5% in the two biomass d. treatments of P. malaianus after three days of treatments. After 3 days’ incubation in 2.5 and 5 g FW·L^-1 P. maackianus exudates, the M. aeruginosa cell densities were higher in control than in treatment. As for P. malaianus treatments, the cell densities of M. aeruginosa were reduced by 16.5 and 65.8% of the control in 2.5 and 5 g·L^-1 FW marophytes at the end of incubation period, resp. The allelochems. exuded from the macrophytes, which inhibited both S. capricornutum and M. aeruginosa, belonged to lipophilic and moderately lipophilic compounds according to the bioassay results of exudate fractionations. By multiple comparison statistics, the results showed that P. maackianus had stronger inhibitory effects on M. aeruginosa, while S. capricornutum was more sensitive to the allelochems. of P. malaianus. The different sensitivities of the two algae were probably caused by three alc. compounds (1-methoxy-2-methyl-2-Propanol, 2-methyl-2-Hexanol, and 4-ethyl-2,6-dimethyl-4-Heptanol) through the GC-MS anal. of the most active exudate fractions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol (cas: 20324-33-8Product Details of 20324-33-8).

1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol (cas: 20324-33-8) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Product Details of 20324-33-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem