Month: February 2023

Synthesis and antibacterial activity of 6-O-(heteroaryl-isoxazolyl)propynyl 2-fluoro ketolides was written by Sugimoto, Tomohiro;Shimazaki, Yoichi;Manaka, Akira;Tanikawa, Tetsuya;Suzuki, Keiko;Nanaumi, Kayoko;Kaneda, Yoshie;Yamasaki, Yukiko;Sugiyama, Hiroyuki. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2012.Related Products of 1132-95-2 This article mentions the following:

Macrolide antibiotics are widely prescribed for the treatment of respiratory tract infections; however, the increasing prevalence of macrolide-resistant pathogens is a public health concern. Therefore, the development of new macrolide derivatives with activities against resistant pathogens is urgently needed. A series of novel 6-O-(heteroaryl-isoxazolyl)propynyl 2-fluoro ketolides has been synthesized from erythromycin A. These compounds have shown very promising in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities against key respiratory pathogens including erythromycin-susceptible/resistant strains. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,1-Diisopropoxycyclohexane (cas: 1132-95-2Related Products of 1132-95-2).

1,1-Diisopropoxycyclohexane (cas: 1132-95-2) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Related Products of 1132-95-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

meso-(4-(N,N-Dialkylamino)phenyl)-Substituted Subporphyrins: Remarkably Perturbed Absorption Spectra and Enhanced Fluorescence by Intramolecular Charge Transfer Interactions was written by Inokuma, Yasuhide;Easwaramoorthi, Shanmugam;Yoon, Zin Seok;Kim, Dongho;Osuka, Atsuhiro. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2008.Reference of 66943-05-3 This article mentions the following:

B Meso-(4-(N,N-dibenzylamino)phenyl)-substituted subporphyrins were synthesized by Buchwald-Hartwig amination protocol. Substitution of the amino group at the 4-position of the meso-Ph substituent resulted in a remarkable red shift in the absorption spectra and drastic enhancement of fluorescence intensity probably as a consequence of intramol. CT interaction. These characteristics were used to construct a cation-sensing system by appending a 1-aza-15-crown-5 unit to subporphyrin that displays large spectral changes upon cation binding. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Reference of 66943-05-3).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Reference of 66943-05-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis, crystal structure and biological evaluation of some novel 1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazoles and 1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazines was written by Khan, Imtiaz;Zaib, Sumera;Ibrar, Aliya;Rama, Nasim Hasan;Simpson, Jim;Iqbal, Jamshed. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2014.SDS of cas: 1877-75-4 This article mentions the following:

Nitrogen-containing heterocycles are of particular interest and significant importance for the discovery of potent bioactive agents in pharmaceutical industry. The present study reports the synthesis of a library of new conjugated heterocycles including I [R¹ = 4-FC₆H₄OCH₂, 2-furyl, 3-furyl, etc.] and II [R² = 3-ClC₆H₄, 4-biphenyl, 1-naphthyl, etc.] by cyclocondensation reaction of 4-amino-5-(pyridin-4-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol with various substituted aromatic acids and phenacyl bromides, resp. The structures of newly synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental anal., IR, ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy and in case of I [R¹ = 2-furyl] by x-ray crystallog. anal. Newly synthesized triazolothiadiazoles and thiadiazines were screened for acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterases and alk. phosphatase inhibition. Almost all of the compounds showed good to excellent activities against acetylcholinesterase more than the reference drugs. Compound I [R¹ = 4-MeOC₆H₄OCH₂] exhibited IC₅₀ value 0.77±0.08 μM against acetylcholinesterase and I [R¹ = 2-F-4-Cl-C₆H₃] showed IC₅₀ 9.57±1.42 μM against butyrylcholinesterase. Among all the tested compounds, I [R¹ = 2-F-4-Cl-C₆H₃] also proved as excellent inhibitor of alk. phosphatase with IC₅₀ 0.92±0.03 μM. These heteroaromatic hybrid structures were also tested for their anticancer activity against lung carcinoma (H157) and kidney fibroblast (BHK-21) cell lines and leishmanias. Variable cell growth inhibitory activities were obtained and many compounds exhibit potent %inhibition. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4SDS of cas: 1877-75-4).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.SDS of cas: 1877-75-4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Oxadiazinones as chiral auxiliaries: increased diastereoselectivities in the glycolate aldol reaction of oxadiazinones was written by Vaughn, Jeremy F.;Hitchcock, Shawn R.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron: Asymmetry in 2004.Application of 1877-75-4 This article mentions the following:

Glycolate aldol reactions were conducted using a (1R,2S)-norephedrine based N₄-isopropyloxadiazinone as a chiral template to afford aldol adducts. The yields ranged from 57% to 99% while the diastereoselectivities ranged from 94:6 to 99:1. One adduct was hydrolyzed to afford an oxadiazinone auxiliary and β-hydroxy acid, which was converted to the known Me (2S,3R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-phenylpropionate with 95% ee as determined by chiral HPLC. Studies directed toward the synthesis if HIV protease inhibitors nelfinavir and saquinavir are underway. One of the chiral auxiliaries thus prepared was (-)-(5S,6R)-tetrahydro-3-[(4-methoxyphenoxy)acetyl]-5-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-6-phenyl-2H-1,3,4-oxadiazin-2-one (I). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4Application of 1877-75-4).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Application of 1877-75-4

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Identification, isolation and characterization of potential degradation product in idebenone drug substance was written by Ramulu, K.;Rao, B. M.;Rao, N. Someswara. And the article was included in Rasayan Journal of Chemistry in 2013.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

In the stress degradation studies of Idebenone, one major unknown base degradation impurity was identified by LC-MS. This impurity was isolated using preparative high performance liquid chromatog. Based on the spectral data (¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, DEPT, MS, HR-MS and IR), this degradation impurity is characterized as 2-hydroxy-5-(10-hydroxydecyl)-3-methoxy-6-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione. The details of stress studies, identification, isolation, characterization, formation and mechanism of this impurity is discussed and presented in detail. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7Category: ethers-buliding-blocks).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis of Platinum-Containing Conjugated Polymers Having QuinoxP* and Bipyridine Ligands. Chirality Transfer from the Phosphine Ligand to the Polymer Backbone was written by Marumoto, Manabu;Sotani, Taichi;Miyagi, Yu;Yajima, Tatsuo;Sano, Natsuhiro;Sanda, Fumio. And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2020.Recommanded Product: 111-77-3 This article mentions the following:

Platinum (Pt)-containing novel conjugated polymers, poly(1-2a)-poly(1-2d) having bipyridine ligands were synthesized by the Sonogashira-Hagihara coupling polymerization of [Pt(4,4′-dibromo-2,2′-bipyridine)((R,R)-2,3-bis(tert-butylmethylphosphino)quinoxaline)(trifluoromethanesulfonate)₂] (1) coordinated with 4,4′-dibromo-2,2′-bipyridine/(R,R)-2,3-bis(tert-butylmethylphosphino)quinoxaline [(R,R)-QuinoxP*] and 1,4-diethynylbenzene (2a), 1,4-diethynyl-2,5-bis(heptyloxy)benzene (2b), 1,4-diethynyl-2,5-bis(2-ethylhexyloxy)benzene (2c), and 1,4-diethynyl-2,5-bis(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)benzene (2d). Poly(1-2d) exhibited CD signals derived from (R,R)-QuinoxP* and the conjugated main chain around 290 and 440 nm in DMF, resp. The simulated CD spectroscopic pattern of a low mol. model compound, M1-Pt, agreed well with the observed spectra. The TEM images of poly(1-2d) in the solid state exhibited dispersed patterns with sizes around 10 nm. Concentrated solutions of polymer 1-2d in DMF and CHCl₃ partly exhibited patterns assignable to the formation of lyotropic liquid crystals. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Recommanded Product: 111-77-3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Recommanded Product: 111-77-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Volatile profiles of toxigenic and non-toxigenic Aspergillus flavus using SPME for solid phase extraction was written by de Lucca, Anthony J.;Boue, Stephen M.;Carter-Wientjes, Carol H.;Bland, John M.;Bhatnagar, Deepak;Cleveland, Thomas E.. And the article was included in Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine in 2010.Safety of 1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol This article mentions the following:

Toxigenic and atoxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus were grown on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and wetted (23% moisture) sterile, cracked corn for 14 and 21 days, resp. Volatile compounds produced by A. flavus, as well as those present in the PDA controls and sterile cracked maize, were collected using solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME) and identified by gas chromatog./mass spectrometry. Results show that growth substrate had a major impact on the number and type of volatiles detected. Growth on sterile cracked maize produced many more volatiles than did potato dextrose agar. There were also differences observed in the type of volatiles produced between toxigenic and non-toxigenic isolates, as well as between isolates of the same toxigenic grouping. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol (cas: 20324-33-8Safety of 1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol).

1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol (cas: 20324-33-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Safety of 1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Bimetallic CoMoO₄@C nanorod catalyzes one-pot synthesis of benzimidazoles from benzyl alcohol and o-phenylendiamine without alkali was written by Xiong, Yucong;Wang, Kaizhi;Ma, Lei;Zhu, Jiukang;Miao, Yujia;Gong, Li;Mu, Xiao;Wan, Jiang;Li, Rong. And the article was included in Applied Organometallic Chemistry in 2022.Safety of (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

Benzimidazoles possess a series of applications for industrial chem. and biomedicine. However, the complicated synthetic steps and harsh reaction conditions limit its further development. Herein, authors reported an efficient, environmentally friendly, and stable bimetallic CoMoO4@C catalyst, which used low-cost cobalt and molybdenum as the basic raw material. In base-free conditions, it has been proved that the yield could achieve to 99.9% for the synthesis of benzimidazoles with liberating water as the sole byproduct, and the catalyst remains stable and efficient even after five successive cycle tests. Addnl., experiments and characterizations confirm the good oxidation activity of the catalyst benefits from the numerous oxygen vacancies provided by the high concentration of low-valent cobalt (Co²⁺) and the doping of carbon improves the intermol. transport of electrons. Furthermore, this strategy could potentially be applied in the industrial production of benzimidazoles. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Safety of (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Safety of (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Preparation and properties of waterborne epoxy acrylate emulsion was written by Peng, Jun;Zhang, Xi-wen;Du, Zhu-kang;Ren, Bi-ye. And the article was included in Xiandai Tuliao Yu Tuzhuang in 2021.Quality Control of 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol This article mentions the following:

A water-based epoxy acrylate emulsifier was synthesized. The feeding ratio of n (mole of epoxy group): n (mole of carboxyl group)=1.0:1.1 should be used to obtain a good emulsifier. The structure was characterized by NMR and the reactivity of the emulsifier was proved. When the added amount is 40% during emulsification, a stable emulsion can be obtained, and the amount of emulsifier used is small. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Quality Control of 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Quality Control of 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Coenzyme Q₀ Enhances Ultraviolet B-Induced Apoptosis in Human Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast (MCF-7) Cancer Cells was written by Wang, Hui-Min;Yang, Hsin-Ling;Thiyagarajan, Varadharajan;Huang, Tzu-Hsiang;Huang, Pei-Jane;Chen, Ssu-Ching;Liu, Jer-Yuh;Hsu, Li-Sung;Chang, Hsueh-Wei;Hseu, You-Cheng. And the article was included in Integrative Cancer Therapies in 2017.Related Products of 605-94-7 This article mentions the following:

Coenzyme Q₀ (CoQ₀; 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone), a major active constituent of Antrodia camphorata, has been shown to inhibit human triple-neg. breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cells through induction of apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest. Ecol. studies have suggested a possible association between UV B (UVB) radiation and reduction in the risk of breast cancer. However, the underlying mechanism of the combination of CoQ₀ and UVB in human estrogen receptor-pos. breast cancer (MCF-7) remains unclear. In this study, the possible effect of CoQ₀ on inducing apoptosis in MCF-7 cells under exposure to low-dose UVB (0.05 J/cm²) has been investigated. CoQ₀ treatment (0-35μM, for 24-72 h) inhibits moderately the growth of breast cancer MCF-7 cells, and the cell viability was significantly decreased when the cells were pretreated with UVB irradiation It was noted that there was a remarkable accumulation of subploid cells, the so-called sub-G1 peak, in CoQ₀-treated cells by using flow cytometric anal., which suggests that the viability reduction observed after treatment may result from apoptosis induction in MCF-7 cells. CoQ₀ caused an elevation of reactive oxygen species, as indicated by dichlorofluorescein fluorescence, and UVB pretreatment significantly increased CoQ₀-induced reactive oxygen species generation in MCF-7 cells. In addition, cells were exposed to CoQ₀, and the induction of DNA damage was evaluated by single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). CoQ₀-induced DNA damage was remarkably enhanced by UVB pretreatment. Furthermore, CoQ₀ induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, which was associated with PARP degradation, Bcl-2/Bax dysregulation, and p53 expression as shown by western blot. Collectively, these findings suggest that CoQ₀ might be an important supplemental agent for treating patients with breast cancer. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7Related Products of 605-94-7).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Related Products of 605-94-7

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem