Ethers-buliding-blocks

Olefin saturation and acid reduction of 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid and derivatives by Phanerochaete chrysosporium was written by Enoki, Akio;Yajima, Yasuo;Gold, Michael H.. And the article was included in Phytochemistry (Elsevier) in 1981.Name: 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

The white rot fungus P. chrysosporium metabolized 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid in shaking and N-sufficient cultures. Metabolites identified included 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propionic acid, dimethoxycinnamyl alc. and 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-propanol. Significantly smaller amounts of veratryl and vanillyl alc. were also present. The abundance of the propionic acid and the propanol as metabolic products indicated that olefin saturation and acid reduction are important reactions catalyzed under these conditions. Metabolites identified from the metabolism of 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-propionic acid included the above 1-propanol as well as veratryl and vanillyl alc.; the identification of these benzyl alc. derivatives as metabolites suggests that α,β-bond cleavage of this substrate was preceded by alkane hydroxylation at the α-position. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3Name: 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Name: 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Periphery-modified crown ethers. Synthesis of bis-5,8-dimethoxy-1,4-methanonaphthalene-fused crown ethers was written by Chou, Teh-Chang;Chen, Shing-Yi;Chen, Yie-Hsung. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2003.Computed Properties of C11H22O5 This article mentions the following:

The easily accessible and multi-functionalized 5,8-dimethoxy-6,7-dihydroxy methyl-1,4-dihydro-1,4-methanonaphthalene (I) has been utilized as the basic building material to synthesize the sym. bis-methanonaphthalene-fused crown ethers (BMN-16-crown-4, BMN-22-crown-6, BMN-28-crown-8, and BMN-34-crown-10), that are constructed based on the connection between the α,β-bis-benzylic carbon atoms of diol I and oligoethylene glycols via two synthetic routes keyed upon the method of Williamson ether synthesis. These compounds are constructed based on the connection between the α,β,-bis-benzylic carbon atoms of diol and oligoethylene glycols via two synthetic routes keyed upon the method of Williamson ether synthesis. Crystal structures of one of the products (in syn- and anti-forms) are also reported. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-(2-((Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 60221-37-6Computed Properties of C11H22O5).

2-(2-(2-((Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 60221-37-6) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Computed Properties of C11H22O5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Enhancement in the Mechanical Stretchability of PEDOT:PSS Films by Compounds of Multiple Hydroxyl Groups for Their Application as Transparent Stretchable Conductors was written by He, Hao;Zhang, Lei;Yue, Shizhong;Yu, Suzhu;Wei, Jun;Ouyang, Jianyong. And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2021.Product Details of 112-49-2 This article mentions the following:

It is of significance to develop stretchable conductors for flexible electronics. Although intrinsically conducting polymers like poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) can exhibit high conductivity, they have limited mech. stretchability because of the rigid conjugated backbone and strong interchain interaction. Here, we report the significant enhancement in the mech. stretchability of PEDOT:PSS films by adding a compound of two or more hydroxyl groups like glycerol, malic acid, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, or triethylene glycol. The elongation at break can be enhanced from <10% of pristine PEDOT:PSS films to >50%. The enhancement in the mech. stretchability is less significant when other compounds with only one hydroxyl or no hydroxyl group are used. The effect of the compounds with multiple hydroxyl groups on the stretchability of PEDOT:PSS is related to the Hansen solubility parameter (HSP) δ_h. A compound with a higher δ_h value can give rise to a more significant plasticization of PEDOT:PSS. The mechanism is attributed to the destruction of hydrogen bonds among the chains of poly(styrenesulfonic acid) (PSSH) by the compounds of multiple hydroxyl groups. This effectively lowers the interchain interaction among the PSSH and thus increases the mech. stretchability of PEDOT:PSS. Simultaneously, these compounds can induce secondary doping to saliently enhance the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS films. The highly stretchable and highly conductive PEDOT:PSS films can be used as transparent stretchable conductors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Product Details of 112-49-2).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Product Details of 112-49-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Elemental fluorine Part 12. Fluorination of 1,4-disubstituted aromatic compounds was written by Chambers, R. D.;Hutchinson, J.;Sparrowhawk, M. E.;Sandford, G.;Moilliet, J. S.;Thomson, J.. And the article was included in Journal of Fluorine Chemistry in 2000.Reference of 104197-14-0 This article mentions the following:

Direct fluorination of 1,4-disubstituted benzenes in acid reaction media at convenient temperature leads, in many cases, to selectively fluorinated aromatic products in preparatively useful conversions and yields. Thus, treatment of 4-O₂NC₆H₄OH with F₂ in formic acid at 10° gave 70% 2-fluoro-4-nitrophenol and 8% 2,6-difluoro-4-nitrophenol with 75% conversion. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Bromo-2,6-difluoroanisole (cas: 104197-14-0Reference of 104197-14-0).

4-Bromo-2,6-difluoroanisole (cas: 104197-14-0) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Reference of 104197-14-0

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Monofluoro Analogs of Eugenol Methyl Ether as Novel Attractants for the Oriental Fruit Fly was written by Khrimian, Achot P.;DeMilo, Albert B.;Waters, Rolland M.;Liquido, Nicanor J.;Nicholson, Jesse M.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 1994.COA of Formula: C11H16O3 This article mentions the following:

Monofluoro analogs of eugenol Me ether as potential attractants for the Oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis, Hendel) were synthesized using selective fluorination reactions: electrophilic hydro- and iodofluorination, fluorodehydroxylation with (diethylamido)sulfur trifluoride (DAST), and Wittig fluoroolefination through the stabilized ylides. Unusual reduction of the double bond was detected in a reaction of Me eugenol with pyridinium poly(hydrogen fluoride). Bis[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)alkyl] carbonates were identified as the novel nucleophilic substitution products of the intermediate generated from the reaction of 3,4-dimethoxybenzenealkanols with DAST. Reductive desulfonylation of (Z)-3,4-(MeO)₂C₆H₃CH₂CH:CFSO₂Ph with sodium amalgam afforded 3,4-(MeO)₂C₆H₃CH₂CH:CHF (E/Z = 85:15) which was highly attractive to the Oriental fruit fly. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3COA of Formula: C11H16O3).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.COA of Formula: C11H16O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis of Phenoxathiins and Phenothiazines by Aryne Reactions with Thiosulfonates was written by Kanemoto, Kazuya;Sakata, Yuki;Hosoya, Takamitsu;Yoshida, Suguru. And the article was included in Chemistry Letters in 2020.Recommanded Product: 112-49-2 This article mentions the following:

Novel synthetic methods for phenoxathiins e.g., I and phenothiazines II (R = H, OMe, morpholin-4-yl, etc.) by aryne reactions e.g., 2-(trimethylsilyl)phenyl triflate are disclosed. Here, it was found that phenoxathiins e.g., I were efficiently prepared by the reaction between aryne intermediates and S-(2-hydroxyaryl) 4-toluenethiosulfonates R¹-2-OHC₆H₃STs (R¹ = H, 5-Me, 4-OMe). A synthetic method for phenothiazines II was also developed by the reaction of arynes with S-(2-aminophenyl)-4-toluenethiosulfonate. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Recommanded Product: 112-49-2).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Electron-deficient reagents are also stabilized by ethers. For example, borane (BH3) is a useful reagent for making alcohols. Pure borane exists as its dimer, diborane (B2H6), a toxic gas that is inconvenient and hazardous to use. Borane forms stable complexes with ethers, however, and it is often supplied and used as its liquid complex with tetrahydrofuran (THF).Recommanded Product: 112-49-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Study on hydrothermal liquefaction of antibiotic residues for bio-oil in ethanol-water system was written by Yang, Jian;Hong, Chen;Li, Zaixing;Xing, Yi;Zhao, Xiumei. And the article was included in Waste Management (Oxford, United Kingdom) in 2021.Safety of 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol This article mentions the following:

In this study, antibiotic residue was converted into bio-oil by hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) in subcritical or supercritical ethanol/water system. The bio-oil yield increased firstly as the ethanol/water ratio < 1:1, reaction temperature < 280°C, residence time < 150 min, and thereafter decreased. However, the bio-oil yield continuously decreased with a plunge at 15% as the solid/liquid ratio increased. The change tendency of O/C, H/C and N/C of bio-oil indicated different reaction mechanism of HTL. The addition of ethanol significantly promoted the esterification reaction, leading to increase of aliphatics content of bio-oil, especially branched long-chain aliphatics. Comprehensively considering the bio-oil yield, production cost, higher heating value (HHV) and chem. composition, the optimal process parameters of HTL were obtained as follows: ethanol/water ratio of 1:1, reaction temperature of 280°C, residence time of 150 min, and solid/liquid ratio of 15%, under which the bio-oil yield was 33.29 wt%, HHV was 33.47 MJ/kg, and the main compositions of bio-oil were esters (>48%). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Safety of 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Safety of 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Selective Phase Transfer Reagents (OxP-crowns) for Chromogenic Detection of Nitrates Especially Ammonium Nitrate was written by Chahal, Mandeep K.;Payne, Daniel T.;Labuta, Jan;Karr, Paul A.;D′Souza, Francis;Ariga, Katsuhiko;Hill, Jonathan P.. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2020.Related Products of 66943-05-3 This article mentions the following:

Nitrogen and phosphorus-containing ions such as ammonium, nitrates and phosphates are anthropogenic pollutants while ammonium nitrate may be diverted for nefarious purposes in improvised explosive devices. Crown ether-oxoporphyrinogen conjugates (OxP-crowns) are used to selectively detect nitrates, especially their ion pairs with K⁺ and NH₄⁺, based on ion pair complexation of OxP-crowns under phase transfer conditions. The presence of phosphate and carbonate lead to deprotonation of OxP-crowns. OxP-1N18C6 is capable of extracting ion pairs with nitrate from aqueous phase leading to a selective chromogenic response. Deprotonation of the OxP moiety leads to [OxP^–]-1N18C6[K⁺] and is promoted by crown ether selective cation binding coupled with hydration of basic oxoanions, which are constrained to remain in the aqueous phase. This work illustrates the utility of mol. design to exploit partitioning and ion hydration effects establishing the selectivity of the chromogenic response. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Related Products of 66943-05-3).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Related Products of 66943-05-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

A New Route to E-Stilbenes through the Transition-Metal-Free KOtBu/DMF-Promoted Direct Coupling of Alcohols with Phenyl Acetonitriles was written by Liu, Xiaoping;Sotiropoulos, Jean-Marc;Taillefer, Marc. And the article was included in European Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2022.Related Products of 105-13-5 This article mentions the following:

An alternative route to synthesize alkenes, based only on the KOtBu/DMF promoted activation and direct coupling of alcs. with Ph acetonitriles, was reported. A variation allowing, through a Csp³-Csp³ bond formation, the selective synthesis of N-Heteroarenes was also described. A mechanism for the olefination pathway proceeding via an original activation of alcs. under alkyl formates was provided. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Related Products of 105-13-5).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Related Products of 105-13-5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Expedient Synthesis of 3-Alkoxymethyl- and 3-Aminomethyl-Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines was written by Beutner, Gregory L.;Kuethe, Jeffrey T.;Kim, Mary M.;Yasuda, Nobuyoshi. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2009.Safety of 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid This article mentions the following:

An effective strategy has been developed for the preparation of 3-alkoxymethyl-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines, i.e. I, compounds that are currently not readily accessible by existing synthetic methods. Further manipulation of these compounds allows for access to 3-alkoxymethyl-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines with a variety of substitution patterns as well as 3-aminomethyl-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4Safety of 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid).

2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (cas: 1877-75-4) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Safety of 2-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem