Ethers-buliding-blocks

Concentration polarization and metal dendrite initiation in isolated electrolyte microchannels was written by Lee, Youngju;Ma, Bingyuan;Bai, Peng. And the article was included in Energy & Environmental Science in 2020.Name: 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane This article mentions the following:

Lithium metal penetrations through the liquid-electrolyte-wetted porous separator and solid electrolytes are a major safety concern of next-generation rechargeable metal batteries. Penetrations were frequently discovered to occur through only a few isolated channels, as revealed by “black spots” on both sides of the separator or electrolyte, which manifest a highly localized ionic flux or c.d. Predictions of the penetration time have been difficult due to the hidden and unclear dynamics in these penetration channels. Here, using glass capillary cells, we investigate for the first time the unexpectedly sensitive influence of channel geometry on the concentration polarization and dendrite initiation processes. The characteristic time for the complete depletion of salt concentration at the surface of the advancing electrode, i.e. Sand’s time, exhibits a nonlinear dependence on the curvature of the channel walls along the axial direction. While a pos. deviated Sand’s time scaling exponent can be used to infer a converging penetration area through the electrolyte, a neg. deviated scaling exponent suggests that diffusion limitations can be avoided in expanding channels, such that the fast-advancing tip-growing dendrites will not be initiated. The safety design of rechargeable metal batteries will benefit from considering the true local current densities and the conduction structures. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Name: 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Name: 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Effect of Solvent Polarity on Enthalpies of Solvation of Ethylene Oxide Oligomers was written by Barannikov, Vladimir P.;Guseinov, Sabir S.. And the article was included in Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data in 2020.Application of 112-49-2 This article mentions the following:

The enthalpies of dissolution, Δ_solH_m^{âˆ?/sup>, and solvation, Δ_solvH_mâˆ?/sup>, of ether oligomers CH₃O(CH₂CH₂O)_nCH₃ (n = 1-4) in Et acetate, pyridine, N,N-dimethylformamide, and acetonitrile have been determined from calorimetric measurements at 298.15 K. The values of group contributions of repeated ether units and monoether fragment have been compared on the basis of the additive method. The contributions of ether group to Δ_solvH_mâˆ?/sup> for oligomeric and monomeric mols. coincide within their uncertainties for solutions in highly polar solvents, in contrast to non-polar, moderately polar, and H-bonding solvents. The dependence of ether group contributions to Δ_solvH_mâˆ?/sup> on the electron pair acceptance index of solvents E_TN has been considered. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Application of 112-49-2).}

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Application of 112-49-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Influence of a crown ether on the spectral properties of triarylmethane dyes in aqueous and micellar environments was written by Gilani, A. Ghanadzadeh;Shekarsaraee, S.;Moghadam, M.. And the article was included in Physical Chemistry Research in 2013.Reference of 66943-05-3 This article mentions the following:

This study demonstrates the spectral data for 2 triarylmethane dyes, malachite green and crystal violet, at room temperature Effects of micellar environment and crown ether addition on the spectral behavior of these dyes are studied using absorption spectroscopic method. The dye-anionic surfactant interactions in micellar media are investigated. The chosen surfactants with different alkyl chain length are SOS, STS, SHS, and SDS. Effect of a crown-ether (i.e. aza-15-crown-5) addition on the absorption spectra and decolorization of the dyes is also studied at room temperature Moreover, effect of crown ether addition on the micellar properties of the media is studied and compared. Spectroscopic anal. shows that the dye decolorization can be accelerated in presence of the crown ether. Conversely, the decolorization process can be inhibited in the micellar media. The nature of decolorization process is interpreted in terms of direct and indirect mechanisms of crown-ether and the dye interactions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3Reference of 66943-05-3).

1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane (cas: 66943-05-3) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Reference of 66943-05-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Flower-Like Au@CeO₂ Core-Shell Nanospheres as Efficient Photocatalyst for Multicomponent Reaction of Alcohols and Amidines was written by Tang, Lin;Huang, Fei;Xu, Dongping;Zhang, Xinming;Wang, Zhenghua;Zhang, Wu. And the article was included in Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2022.Quality Control of (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

Flower-like core-shell nanospheres (Au@CeO₂) were prepared and used as photocatalyst to synthesize 2,4,6-trisubstituted pyrimidines through the three-component reaction of primary alcs., secondary alcs. and benzamidine hydrochlorides with low catalyst loading. A synergistic effect of ceria and gold on the photocatalytic transformation was found, which strongly enhanced the yield of pyrimidines from 58% on Au NPs (6 mg, 3 mol%) up to 97% on Au@CeO₂ (6 mg, 0.4 mol%). The catalyst has also been successfully applied to photocatalytic multicomponent reaction for the synthesis of triazine. The Au@CeO₂ catalyst shows high photocatalytic activity, good recyclability and wide applicability to diverse substrates. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Quality Control of (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Quality Control of (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Hydroxytetraphenylenes as Chiral Ligands: Application to Asymmetric Darzens Reaction of Diazoacetamide with Aldehydes was written by Chai, Guo-Li;Han, Jian-Wei;Wong, Henry N. C.. And the article was included in Synthesis in 2017.Application of 56619-93-3 This article mentions the following:

Hydroxytetraphenylenes with rigid conformations are potential candidates for employment as chiral ligands in asym. synthesis. Highly diastereo- and enantioselective Darzens reactions between aldehydes and diazo-N,N-dimethylacetamide are catalyzed by a chiral titanium complex formed in situ from Ti(OⁱPr)₄ and chiral 1,16-dihydroxytetraphenylene, giving cis-glycidic amides in moderate to high yields with excellent enantiomeric purities (40-99% yield, up to 99% ee). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)pivalamide (cas: 56619-93-3Application of 56619-93-3).

N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)pivalamide (cas: 56619-93-3) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Application of 56619-93-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

The effect of polyoxypropylene chain length in nonionic surfactants on their adsorption at the aqueous solution-air interface was written by Sokolowski, A.;Chlebicki, J.. And the article was included in Tenside Detergents in 1982.Reference of 20324-33-8 This article mentions the following:

Surface tension isotherms were determined for alkyl monoethers C_nH_2n+1(OCH₂CH(CH₃))_zOH (n = 1-4; z = 1-7) at the aqueous solution- air interface by the maximum bubble pressure method at 293.2 K. A quant. correlation was found between adsorption free energy and monoether structure for surface tension decrease of â‰?0 × 10^-3 Nm^-1. Interaction of both alkyl and polyoxypropylene chains is statistically significant and affects the adsorption free energy. The CH₂ and P:O group contributions to the free energy of adsorption were calculated for various values of surface tension decrease. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol (cas: 20324-33-8Reference of 20324-33-8).

1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol (cas: 20324-33-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Reference of 20324-33-8

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

4,5-O-Substituted phenanthrenes from cyclophanes. The total synthesis of cannithrene II was written by Ben, Ines;Castedo, Luis;Saa, Jose M.;Seijas, Julio A.;Suau, Rafael;Tojo, Gabriel. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 1985.Formula: C8H8O3 This article mentions the following:

A new procedure for the synthesis of phenathrenes I (R = OMe, R¹ = R² = H, R³ = H, OMe; R = R¹ = H, R² = R³ = H, OMe; R = R² = R³ = H, R¹ = Me) is based on the regioselective cyclization of the conformationally rigid cis-stilbene moiety of a cyclophane II. II were obtained by the intramol. reductive carbonyl coupling of dicarbonyl compounds III by active Ti. This new approach was successfully applied to obtain cannithrene II (IV). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 57179-35-8Formula: C8H8O3).

3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 57179-35-8) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly autoxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides. If concentrated or heated, these peroxides may explode. To prevent such explosions, ethers should be obtained in small quantities, kept in tightly sealed containers, and used promptly.Formula: C8H8O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

A structurally simple L-proline derivative promotes the asymmetric allylation of aldehydes with tribromoallyltin was written by Liu, Ling-yan;Sun, Jing;Liu, Nan;Chang, Wei-xing;Li, Jing. And the article was included in Tetrahedron: Asymmetry in 2007.Electric Literature of C8H8O3 This article mentions the following:

An asym. allylation of aldehydes with the allyltin tribromide was achieved using the L-proline derivative as a chiral promoter in dichloromethane in the presence of a Lewis base. Various optically active homoallylic alcs. were obtained in high yields with moderate enantioselectivities of up to 62% ee. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 57179-35-8Electric Literature of C8H8O3).

3-Hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 57179-35-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Electric Literature of C8H8O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Aminophenols as efficient ligands for copper-catalyzed Ullmann-type synthesis of diaryl ethers was written by Qian, Cunwei;Qin, Liang;Zong, Qianshou;Wu, Lin;Fang, Dong. And the article was included in Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society in 2013.Quality Control of 1-(4-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)phenyl)ethanone This article mentions the following:

An efficient copper-aminophenol (I) catalyzed synthesis of diaryl ethers R¹OR² (R¹ = 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-ClC₆H₄; R² = 4-MeOC₆H₄, Ph; etc.) via Ullmann coupling of phenols/naphthols and aryl bromides/iodides was reported. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)phenyl)ethanone (cas: 54916-28-8Quality Control of 1-(4-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)phenyl)ethanone).

1-(4-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)phenyl)ethanone (cas: 54916-28-8) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for extractions and for a wide variety of chemical reactions. It is also used as a volatile starting fluid for diesel engines and gasoline engines in cold weather. Dimethyl ether is used as a spray propellant and refrigerant. Methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive that boosts the octane number and reduces the amount of nitrogen-oxide pollutants in the exhaust. The ethers of ethylene glycol are used as solvents and plasticizers.Quality Control of 1-(4-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)phenyl)ethanone

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis of 1,2-Disubstituted Benzimidazoles via Acceptorless Dehydrogenative Coupling Using Ru(II)-Arene Catalysts Containing Ferrocene Thiosemicarbazone was written by Ravindran N E, Aswathi;Sindhuja, Dharmalingam;Bhuvanesh, Nattamai;Karvembu, Ramasamy. And the article was included in European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry in 2022.Recommanded Product: 105-13-5 This article mentions the following:

The catalytic activity of Ru(II)-arene complexes containing ferrocene thiosemicarbazone (Fc-TSC) ligands was investigated toward the selective synthesis of 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles I [R = n-Pr, Ph, 4-MeOC₆H₄, etc.; X = H, 6-Cl, 5-Me, 6-Me] via acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling of diamines with primary alcs. A series of Ru(II)-p-cymene complexes II [R¹ = H, Me, Ph, cyclohexyl] containing Fc-TSC ligands III were synthesized and characterized. From single crystal X-ray crystallog. studies, the mol. structures of III [R¹ = cyclohexyl] and II [R¹ = Ph] were confirmed. The influence of electronic effect of ligands on the catalytic activity of their complexes was studied. The activity of good performer i. e. II [R¹ = Ph] was compared with that of its benzene counterpart IV. The catalysis was extended to aromatic, aliphatic and heterocyclic substituted primary alcs., and phenylenediamines with electron-donating or -withdrawing substituents. Overall, synthesis of 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles I was accomplished with good to moderate yields, with hydrogen and water as only byproducts. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Recommanded Product: 105-13-5).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Recommanded Product: 105-13-5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem