Tag: 200-300

In 2022,Gao, Mengnan; Lan, Jiaqi; Fu, Yongzhu; Guo, Wei published an article in ChemSusChem. The title of the article was 《Biomass-Derived Lenthionine Enhanced by Radical Receptor for Rechargeable Lithium Battery》.Electric Literature of C12H10S2 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Organic compounds with tunable structures and high capacities are promising electrode materials for batteries. Cyclic organosulfide (i. e., lenthionine), as a natural material that can provide excellent ratio of effective atoms (S) and non-efficient atoms (C, H, and others), has a high theor. specific capacity of 853.6 mAh g-1. However, the multiphase transformation causes rapid capacity decay and hysteresis of charge/discharge voltage plateaus. To overcome these issues, a receptor, Ph disulfide (PDS), was introduced to truncate subsequent transformations directly from the source and change the reaction path, inhibit the capacity decay, and improve the cycling stability. After 500 cycles, the capacity retention was 81.1% with PDS, which was in sharp contrast to that (35.6%) of the control cell. This study helps to understand the electrochem. mechanism of biomass-derived lenthionine used as a high-capacity cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries, also offering a strategy to overcome its inherent issues. In addition to this study using 1,2-Diphenyldisulfane, there are many other studies that have used 1,2-Diphenyldisulfane(cas: 882-33-7Electric Literature of C12H10S2) was used in this study.

1,2-Diphenyldisulfane(cas: 882-33-7) belongs to ethers.Electric Literature of C12H10S2Although ethers resist hydrolysis, they are cleaved by hydrobromic acid and hydroiodic acid. Hydrogen chloride cleaves ethers only slowly.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

《Rationally Designed Polymer Conjugate for Tumor-Specific Amplification of Oxidative Stress and Boosting Antitumor Immunity》 was published in Nano Letters in 2020. These research results belong to Ma, Sheng; Song, Wantong; Xu, Yudi; Si, Xinghui; Lv, Shixian; Zhang, Yu; Tang, Zhaohui; Chen, Xuesi. Electric Literature of C10H20O5 The article mentions the following:

The crosstalk between tumor and stroma cells is a central scenario in the tumor microenvironment (TME). While the predominant effect of tumor cells on immune cells is establishing an immunosuppressive context, tumor cell death at certain conditions will boost antitumor immunity. Herein, we report a rationally designed tumor specific enhanced oxidative stress polymer conjugate (TSEOP) for boosting antitumor immunity. The TSEOP is prepared by Passerini reaction between cinnamaldehyde (CA), 4-formylbenzeneboronic acid pinacol ester, and 5-isocyanopent-1-yne, followed by azide-alkyne click reaction with poly(L-glutamic acid)-graft-poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether (PLG-g-mPEG). Under tumor stimuli condition, CA and quinone methide (QM) are quickly generated, which cooperatively induce strong oxidative stress, immunogenic tumor cell death (ICD), and activation of antigen presenting cells. In vivo studies show that the TSEOP treatment boosts tumor-specific antitumor immunity and eradicates both murine colorectal and breast tumors. This study should be inspirational for designing polymers as immunotherapeutics in cancer therapy. In the experiment, the researchers used 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane(cas: 33100-27-5Electric Literature of C10H20O5)

1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane(cas: 33100-27-5) is a member of crown ether Ligands. Crown-ethers are macrocyclic polyethers capable of forming host-guest complexes, especially with inorganic and organic cations. Crown-ethers can incorporate protonated primary amine compounds by formation of ion-dipole bonds with the oxygen atoms of the chiral selector. Crown-ethers have been widely used for the separation of several pharmaceuticals both in aqueous and non-aqueous media. Electric Literature of C10H20O5

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Reference of 1,2-DiphenyldisulfaneIn 2020 ,《Sulphur-doped activated carbon as a metal-free catalyst for acetylene hydrochlorination》 was published in RSC Advances. The article was written by Qi, Xueyan; Chen, Weifeng; Zhang, Jinli. The article contains the following contents:

A series of sulfur-doped spherical activated carbon (SAC) catalysts were prepared with Ph disulfide (C12H10S2) as a sulfur source for acetylene hydrochlorination. The S-doped catalyst exhibits preferable catalytic performance compared to that of the blank carrier with the reaction conditions of GHSV of 90 h-1 and at 180°C. The catalysts were characterized by N2 adsorption/desorption (BET), elemental anal. (EA), thermogravimetric anal. (TG), temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), Raman spectrum (Raman) and XPS. The results indicate that the presence of sulfur species is favorable to promote the ability of reactant adsorption and inhibit carbon deposition. In addition, the electronic and chem. properties of catalysts were investigated by d. functional theory (DFT) simulation. It is illustrated that the introduction of sulfur species can not only change the spin d. and charge d. but also create more active sites on a carrier. The single sulfur doped carbon material catalysts were designed for the first time and the desirable results make it a green catalyst for the industrial application of acetylene hydrochlorination. In the experiment, the researchers used 1,2-Diphenyldisulfane(cas: 882-33-7Reference of 1,2-Diphenyldisulfane)

1,2-Diphenyldisulfane(cas: 882-33-7) belongs to ethers.The C-O bonds that comprise simple ethers are strong. They are unreactive toward all but the strongest bases. Although generally of low chemical reactivity, they are more reactive than alkanes. Reference of 1,2-Diphenyldisulfane

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Wu, Zhuo; Jiang, Hang; Zhang, Yanghui published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Pd-catalyzed cross-electrophile Coupling/C-H alkylation reaction enabled by a mediator generated via C(sp3)-H activation》, and you may find the article in Chemical Science.Application of 529-28-2 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Pd-catalyzed cascade cross-electrophile coupling and C-H alkylation reaction of 2-iodo-alkoxylarenes with alkyl chlorides were reported. Methoxy and benzyloxy groups, which were ubiquitous functional groups and common protecting groups, were utilized as crucial mediators via primary or secondary C(sp3)-H activation. The reaction provided an innovative and convenient access for the synthesis of alkylated phenol derivatives, which were widely found in bioactive compounds and organic functional materials.1-Iodo-2-methoxybenzene(cas: 529-28-2Application of 529-28-2) was used in this study.

1-Iodo-2-methoxybenzene(cas: 529-28-2) participates in palladium catalyzed enantioselective Heck arylation of 2,3-dihydrofuran in the presence of chiral ionic liquids containing L-prolinate and L-lactate anions and non-chiral quaternary ammonium cations.Application of 529-28-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Li, Yafei; Dang, Yan; Li, Dawei; Pan, Huifen; Zhang, Liang; Wang, Li; Cao, Zhu; Li, Yahong published their research in Organometallics in 2021. The article was titled 《Zinc Complexes with an Ethylene-Bridged Bis(β-diketiminate) Ligand: Syntheses, Structures, and Applications as Catalysts in the Borylation of Aryl Iodides》.Synthetic Route of C7H7IO The article contains the following contents:

A dinucleating bis(β-diketiminate) ligand with a flexible bridge has been employed to synthesize zinc complexes. The ligand, abbreviated H2L (H2L = N-(4-((2-((4-((2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imino)pent-2-en-2-yl)amino)ethyl)imino)pent-2-en-2-yl)-2,6-diisopropylaniline), was deprotonated with ZnEt2 to afford [LZn2Et2] (1). Reactions of 1 with 2 equiv of BnOH and nBuOH, resp., gave access to [LZn2(OBn)2]·C6H14 (2·C6H14) and [LZn2(OnBu)2] (3). Treatment of 1 with 2 equiv of I2 in THF produced [LZn2I2(THF)2]·2THF (4·2THF). X-ray single-crystal diffraction analyses revealed that they are all heteroleptic bimetallic compounds with two metal centers being chelated by one ligand set. The structurally similar compounds 1 and 4·2THF possess approx. C2 symmetry, with two β-diketiminate units being arrayed in head-to-tail antiparallel mode. Thus, the mol. structures of 1 and 4·2THF exhibit a seesaw-like topol. The structures of 2·C6H14 and 3 are almost identical, in which two zinc atoms are shared by two ZnN2C3 six-membered rings, two Zn2ON2C2 seven-membered rings, and one Zn2O2 four-membered ring. Therefore, the metal cores of 2·C6H14 and 3 display a crownlike topol. All complexes are catalytically active for the borylation of aryl iodides with B2Pin2 (B2Pin2 = 4,4,4′,4′,5,5,5′,5′-octamethyl-2,2′-bis(1,3,2-dioxaborolane)). Complex 1 shows higher activity in comparison to 2, 3, and 4·2THF. The borylation reactions catalyzed by 1 could proceed under mild conditions and can be applied to a series of substrates with high functional group generality. This methodol. thus represents a novel use of β-diketiminate zinc complexes for C-I borylation. In addition to this study using 1-Iodo-2-methoxybenzene, there are many other studies that have used 1-Iodo-2-methoxybenzene(cas: 529-28-2Synthetic Route of C7H7IO) was used in this study.

1-Iodo-2-methoxybenzene(cas: 529-28-2) participates in palladium catalyzed enantioselective Heck arylation of 2,3-dihydrofuran in the presence of chiral ionic liquids containing L-prolinate and L-lactate anions and non-chiral quaternary ammonium cations.Synthetic Route of C7H7IO

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

The author of 《Copper-Catalyzed Diastereoselective 1,2-Difunctionalization of Oxabenzonorbornadienes Leading to β-Thiocyanato Thioethers》 were Lin, Qifu; Yang, Wen; Yao, Yongqi; Chen, Shuqi; Tan, Yun; Chen, Donghan; Yang, Dingqiao. And the article was published in Organic Letters in 2019. Recommanded Product: 1-Iodo-2-methoxybenzene The author mentioned the following in the article:

A novel copper-catalyzed complete diastereoselective 1,2-difunctionalization of oxabicyclic alkenes has been developed. Two C-S bonds were constructed simultaneously on the oxabenzonorbornadienes leading to β-thiocyanato thioethers through the three-component (oxabicyclic alkenes, aryl iodides, and potassium thiocyanate), one-pot reaction. Various functional groups attached to the substrates were tolerated in this protocol to afford the corresponding β-thiocyanato thioether products in moderate yields. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 1-Iodo-2-methoxybenzene(cas: 529-28-2Recommanded Product: 1-Iodo-2-methoxybenzene)

1-Iodo-2-methoxybenzene(cas: 529-28-2) participates in palladium catalyzed enantioselective Heck arylation of 2,3-dihydrofuran in the presence of chiral ionic liquids containing L-prolinate and L-lactate anions and non-chiral quaternary ammonium cations.Recommanded Product: 1-Iodo-2-methoxybenzene

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

In 2019,Molecules included an article by Barre, Anais; Azzouz, Rabah; Gembus, Vincent; Papamicael, Cyril; Levacher, Vincent. Category: ethers-buliding-blocks. The article was titled 《Design, synthesis, and in-vitro biological activities of a bio-oxidizable prodrug to deliver both ChEs and DYRK1A inhibitors for AD therapy》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Despite their side effects, cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitors remain the only approved drugs to treat Alzheimer’s disease patients, along with the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist memantine. In the last few years, the dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) has also been studied as a promising target for the development of new drugs for this pathol. In this context and based on previous characterization of bio-oxidizable prodrugs of potent acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, a strategy involving the synthesis of a bio-oxidizable prodrug of both ChE and DYRK1A inhibitors was reported. To this end, a known potent inhibitor of DYRK1A, namely INDY was identified. The designed prodrug of both ChE and DYRK1A inhibitors was successfully synthesized, connecting both inhibitors by a carbonate link. This prodrug and its corresponding drug were then evaluated as ChEs and DYRK1A inhibitors. Remarkably, in-vitro results were in accordance with the starting hypothesis, showed a relative inactivity of the prodrug against DYRK1A and ChEs and a potent inhibition of ChEs by the oxidized form. Mol. docking and kinetic studies of ChE inhibition by the active compound were also discussed in this report. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6Category: ethers-buliding-blocks)

tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6) belongs to ethers.Although ethers resist hydrolysis, they are cleaved by hydrobromic acid and hydroiodic acid. Hydrogen chloride cleaves ethers only slowly. Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

In 2019,Tetrahedron included an article by Gergely, Mate; Kollar, Laszlo. Category: ethers-buliding-blocks. The article was titled 《Synthesis of benzamide-benzothiazole conjugates via palladium-catalyzed aminocarbonylation (hydrazinocarbonylation)》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The palladium-catalyzed aminocarbonylation of iodoarenes was investigated using 2-amino- and 2-hydrazinobenzothiazole as N-nucleophile. The reaction proved to be highly chemoselective in all cases: carboxamides and the corresponding carbohydrazides obtained by the acylation at the nitrogen adjacent to the C-2 of the benzothiazole moiety, were obtained exclusively and isolated in moderate to high yields. Systematic investigation of the reaction conditions revealed that the reaction requires relatively high temperature (higher than 70°). The effect of the carbon monoxide pressure is different in the synthesis of the two types of products: while the carboxamide formation is favored, the carbohydrazide formation is lowered by the increasing CO pressure. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found 1-Iodo-2-methoxybenzene(cas: 529-28-2Category: ethers-buliding-blocks)

1-Iodo-2-methoxybenzene(cas: 529-28-2) is a useful synthetic intermediate. It can be used in the synthesis of piperidinyl diaminopyrimidines as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors with antitumor activity and polysubstituted benzofuran derivatives as novel inhibitors of parasitic growth.Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

In 2013,Li, Xiaoxiao; Hou, Jianjun; Wang, Chao; Liu, Xinjie; He, Hongyan; Xu, Ping; Yang, Zhenjun; Chen, Zili; Wu, Yun; Zhang, Lihe published 《Synthesis and biological evaluation of RGD-conjugated MEK1/2 kinase inhibitors for integrin-targeted cancer therapy》.Molecules published the findings.Reference of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Two novel series of RGD-MEKI conjugates derived from a MEK1/2 kinase inhibitor – PD0325901 – have been developed for integrin receptor mediated anticancer therapy. The first series, alkoxylamine analog RGD-MEKI conjugates showed anti-proliferation activity in melanoma A375 cells by the same mechanism as that of PD0325901. PEGylation increased the IC50 value of (I) [P = dimer-c(RGD)] three-fold in the A375 assay, and the multi-cRGD peptide cargo significantly improved the receptor specific anti-proliferation activity of I (P = RGD-PEG4) in integrin-overexpressing U87 cells. In the second series, RGD-PD0325901 (II) [P = c(RGDyK)] exhibited significantly increased antitumor properties compared to the alkoxylamine analogs by both inhibition of the ERK pathway activity and DNA replication of the cancer cells. Furthermore, II displayed more potent anti-proliferation activity in the U87 assay than PD0325901 in a dose-dependent manner. All these data demonstrate that RGD-MEKI conjugates with an ester bond linkage enhanced anticancer efficacy with improved targeting capability toward integrin-overexpressing tumor cells. The experimental process involved the reaction of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6Reference of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate)

tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate(cas: 139115-91-6) belongs to ethers.Ethers do have nonbonding electron pairs on their oxygen atoms, and they can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Reference of tert-Butyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)carbamate

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Application In Synthesis of 2-Hydroxy-2-(4-propoxyphenyl)acetic acidOn October 31, 2021 ,《Enantioseparation of mandelic acid and substituted derivatives by high-performance liquid chromatography with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin as chiral mobile additive and evaluation of inclusion complexes by molecular dynamics》 appeared in Chirality. The author of the article were Shi, Jie-Hua; Lin, Zhen-Yi; Kou, Song-Bo; Wang, Bao-Li; Jiang, Shao-Liang. The article conveys some information:

The enantioseparation and resolution mechanism of mandelic acid (MA), 4-methoxymandelic acid (MMA), and 4-propoxymandelic acid (PMA) were investigated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatog. (HPLC) with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) as a chiral mobile-phase additive and mol. dynamics simulation. The suitable chromatog. conditions for the enantioseparation of MA, MMA, and PMA were obtained. Under the selected chromatog. conditions, these enantiomers could achieve baseline separation The results of thermodn. parameter anal. revealed that the main driven forces for the enantioseparation of MA, MMA, and PMA could be van der Waals forces and hydrogen-bonding interactions and the chromatog. retention of these chiral compounds was an enthalpy-driven process. The results of the mol. simulation revealed that their chiral resolution mechanism on HP-β-CD was responsible for the formation of inclusion complexes of enantiomers with HP-β-CD with different conformations and binding energies. And the binding energy of HP-β-CD with (S)-isomer was larger than that with (R)-isomer, which is consistent with the exptl. results of the first elution of (S)-isomer. Addnl., it is also confirmed that the interaction energies included the van der Waals energy (ΔEvdw), electrostatic energy (ΔEelec), polar solvation energy, and SASA energy (ΔEsasa), and the separation factor (α) was closely connected with the disparity in the binding energies of optical isomers and HP-β-CD complexes. Meanwhile, from mol. dynamics simulation, it can be found that the Δ(ΔEbinding), (Δ(ΔEbinding) = ΔEbinding,R – ΔEbinding,S) value was in order of MA-HP-β-CD complex > MMA-HP-β-CD complex > PMA-HP-β-CD complex, which was consistent with the order of Δ(ΔG) values obtained from van′t Hoff plot. This indicated that the mol. dynamics simulation has predictive function for chiral resolution2-Hydroxy-2-(4-propoxyphenyl)acetic acid(cas: 79694-16-9Application In Synthesis of 2-Hydroxy-2-(4-propoxyphenyl)acetic acid) was used in this study.

2-Hydroxy-2-(4-propoxyphenyl)acetic acid(cas: 79694-16-9) belongs to ethers.Application In Synthesis of 2-Hydroxy-2-(4-propoxyphenyl)acetic acidAlthough ethers resist hydrolysis, they are cleaved by hydrobromic acid and hydroiodic acid. Hydrogen chloride cleaves ethers only slowly.

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem