Month: February 2023

2-Chloro-1-(chloromethyl)ethyl methoxymethyl ether as a reagent for acetonylation of alcohols and phenol was written by Gu, Xue Ping;Ikeda, Isao;Komada, Satoru;Masuyama, Araki;Okahara, Mitsuo. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 1986.Safety of 2-(2-(2-((Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

Treatment of ROH [R = decyl, cyclohexyl, Ph, Me₃C, Me(CH₂)₉OCH₂(CH₂OCH₂)₃CH₂OH, etc.] with ClCH₂CH(CH₂Cl)OCH₂OMe (I), Bu₄N⁺ HSO₄^–, and a base (e.g., NaOH) gave ROCH₂C(:CH₂)OCH₂OMe, which were treated with aqueous H₂SO₄ to give 42-83% ROCH₂COMe. Similar treatment of HOCH₂(CH₂OCH₂)₂CH₂OH with I, but without Bu₄N⁺ HSO₄^–, gave 61% MeCOCH₂OCH₂(CH₂OCH₂)₂CH₂OCH₂COMe. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-(2-((Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 60221-37-6Safety of 2-(2-(2-((Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethan-1-ol).

2-(2-(2-((Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 60221-37-6) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Safety of 2-(2-(2-((Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)ethan-1-ol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Structural basis for gating mechanisms of a eukaryotic P-glycoprotein homolog was written by Kodan, Atsushi;Yamaguchi, Tomohiro;Nakatsu, Toru;Sakiyama, Keita;Hipolito, Christopher J.;Fujioka, Akane;Hirokane, Ryo;Ikeguchi, Keiji;Watanabe, Bunta;Hiratake, Jun;Kimura, Yasuhisa;Suga, Hiroaki;Ueda, Kazumitsu;Kato, Hiroaki. And the article was included in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America in 2014.Related Products of 3929-47-3 This article mentions the following:

P-glycoprotein is an ATP-binding cassette multidrug transporter that actively transports chem. diverse substrates across the lipid bilayer. The precise mol. mechanism underlying transport is not fully understood. Here, the authors present crystal structures of a eukaryotic P-glycoprotein homolog, CmABCB1 with ATPase activity from Cyanidioschyzon merolae, in 2 forms: unbound at 2.6-Å resolution and bound to a unique allosteric peptide inhibitor at 2.4-Å resolution The inhibitor clamped the transmembrane helixes from the outside, fixing the CmABCB1 structure in an inward-open conformation similar to the unbound structure, confirming that an outward-opening motion is required for the ATP hydrolysis cycle. These structures, along with site-directed mutagenesis and transporter activity measurements, revealed the detailed architecture of the transporter, including a gate that opens to extracellular side and 2 gates that open to intramembranous region and the cytosolic side. The authors propose that the motion of the nucleotide-binding domain drives those gating apparatuses via 2 short intracellular helixes, IH1 and IH2, and 2 transmembrane helixes, TM2 and TM5. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3Related Products of 3929-47-3).

3-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)propan-1-ol (cas: 3929-47-3) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides.Related Products of 3929-47-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Disilanes as oxygen scavengers and surrogates of hydrosilanes suitable for selective reduction of nitroarenes, phosphine oxides and other valuable substrates was written by Gevorgyan, Ashot;Mkrtchyan, Satenik;Grigoryan, Tatevik;Iaroshenko, Viktor O.. And the article was included in Organic Chemistry Frontiers in 2017.Computed Properties of C8H9NO3 This article mentions the following:

In this report, the reaction of nitroarenes RNO₂ (R = Pr, cyclohexyl, 2-methylphenyl, pyridin-3-yl, etc.) with hexamethyldisilane under various conditions affords a different range of compounds with excellent selectivity. In particular, the reaction of nitroarenes with hexamethyldisilane using a CsF/TBAB/toluene system provides suitable azo compounds, while in the presence of a CsF/TBAB/[Pd]/EtOH system this hexamethyldisilane acts as a novel surrogate of gaseous trimethylsilane, thus, reducing nitroarenes to corresponding anilines RNH₂. The synthetic value of the developed methodol. was further extended by the reduction of a wide range of substrates including N-oxides such as 2-methyl-quinoline-1-oxide, isoquinoline-2-oxide, 2,6-dimethylpyridine-1-oxide, 2-phenylpyridine-1-oxide, sulfoxides such as methanesulfinylbenzene, (benzenesulfinyl)benzene, 1-methanesulfinyl-4-methylbenzene, [(phenylmethane)sulfinylmethyl]benzene, phosphine oxides such as [[(diphenylphosphoroso)methyl](phenyl)phosphoryl]benzene, [[3-(diphenylphosphoroso)propyl](phenyl)phosphoryl]benzene, (diphenylphosphoryl)benzene, etc. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8Computed Properties of C8H9NO3).

3-Methyl-4-nitroanisole (cas: 5367-32-8) belongs to ethers. Ethers are good solvents partly because they are not very reactive. Most ethers can be cleaved, however, by hydrobromic acid (HBr) to give alkyl bromides or by hydroiodic acid (HI) to give alkyl iodides. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Computed Properties of C8H9NO3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Synthesis of Platinum-Containing Conjugated Polymers Having QuinoxP* and Bipyridine Ligands. Chirality Transfer from the Phosphine Ligand to the Polymer Backbone was written by Marumoto, Manabu;Sotani, Taichi;Miyagi, Yu;Yajima, Tatsuo;Sano, Natsuhiro;Sanda, Fumio. And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2020.Recommanded Product: 111-77-3 This article mentions the following:

Platinum (Pt)-containing novel conjugated polymers, poly(1-2a)-poly(1-2d) having bipyridine ligands were synthesized by the Sonogashira-Hagihara coupling polymerization of [Pt(4,4′-dibromo-2,2′-bipyridine)((R,R)-2,3-bis(tert-butylmethylphosphino)quinoxaline)(trifluoromethanesulfonate)₂] (1) coordinated with 4,4′-dibromo-2,2′-bipyridine/(R,R)-2,3-bis(tert-butylmethylphosphino)quinoxaline [(R,R)-QuinoxP*] and 1,4-diethynylbenzene (2a), 1,4-diethynyl-2,5-bis(heptyloxy)benzene (2b), 1,4-diethynyl-2,5-bis(2-ethylhexyloxy)benzene (2c), and 1,4-diethynyl-2,5-bis(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)benzene (2d). Poly(1-2d) exhibited CD signals derived from (R,R)-QuinoxP* and the conjugated main chain around 290 and 440 nm in DMF, resp. The simulated CD spectroscopic pattern of a low mol. model compound, M1-Pt, agreed well with the observed spectra. The TEM images of poly(1-2d) in the solid state exhibited dispersed patterns with sizes around 10 nm. Concentrated solutions of polymer 1-2d in DMF and CHCl₃ partly exhibited patterns assignable to the formation of lyotropic liquid crystals. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Recommanded Product: 111-77-3).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Recommanded Product: 111-77-3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Volatile profiles of toxigenic and non-toxigenic Aspergillus flavus using SPME for solid phase extraction was written by de Lucca, Anthony J.;Boue, Stephen M.;Carter-Wientjes, Carol H.;Bland, John M.;Bhatnagar, Deepak;Cleveland, Thomas E.. And the article was included in Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine in 2010.Safety of 1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol This article mentions the following:

Toxigenic and atoxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus were grown on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and wetted (23% moisture) sterile, cracked corn for 14 and 21 days, resp. Volatile compounds produced by A. flavus, as well as those present in the PDA controls and sterile cracked maize, were collected using solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME) and identified by gas chromatog./mass spectrometry. Results show that growth substrate had a major impact on the number and type of volatiles detected. Growth on sterile cracked maize produced many more volatiles than did potato dextrose agar. There were also differences observed in the type of volatiles produced between toxigenic and non-toxigenic isolates, as well as between isolates of the same toxigenic grouping. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol (cas: 20324-33-8Safety of 1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol).

1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol (cas: 20324-33-8) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Safety of 1-((1-((1-Methoxypropan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)propan-2-ol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Bimetallic CoMoO₄@C nanorod catalyzes one-pot synthesis of benzimidazoles from benzyl alcohol and o-phenylendiamine without alkali was written by Xiong, Yucong;Wang, Kaizhi;Ma, Lei;Zhu, Jiukang;Miao, Yujia;Gong, Li;Mu, Xiao;Wan, Jiang;Li, Rong. And the article was included in Applied Organometallic Chemistry in 2022.Safety of (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

Benzimidazoles possess a series of applications for industrial chem. and biomedicine. However, the complicated synthetic steps and harsh reaction conditions limit its further development. Herein, authors reported an efficient, environmentally friendly, and stable bimetallic CoMoO4@C catalyst, which used low-cost cobalt and molybdenum as the basic raw material. In base-free conditions, it has been proved that the yield could achieve to 99.9% for the synthesis of benzimidazoles with liberating water as the sole byproduct, and the catalyst remains stable and efficient even after five successive cycle tests. Addnl., experiments and characterizations confirm the good oxidation activity of the catalyst benefits from the numerous oxygen vacancies provided by the high concentration of low-valent cobalt (Co²⁺) and the doping of carbon improves the intermol. transport of electrons. Furthermore, this strategy could potentially be applied in the industrial production of benzimidazoles. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5Safety of (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol).

(4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (cas: 105-13-5) belongs to ethers. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive. The unique properties of ethers (i.e., that they are strongly polar, with nonbonding electron pairs but no hydroxyl group) enhance the formation and use of many reagents. For example, Grignard reagents cannot form unless an ether is present to share its lone pair of electrons with the magnesium atom. Complexation of the magnesium atom stabilizes the Grignard reagent and helps to keep it in solution.Safety of (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Preparation and properties of waterborne epoxy acrylate emulsion was written by Peng, Jun;Zhang, Xi-wen;Du, Zhu-kang;Ren, Bi-ye. And the article was included in Xiandai Tuliao Yu Tuzhuang in 2021.Quality Control of 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol This article mentions the following:

A water-based epoxy acrylate emulsifier was synthesized. The feeding ratio of n (mole of epoxy group): n (mole of carboxyl group)=1.0:1.1 should be used to obtain a good emulsifier. The structure was characterized by NMR and the reactivity of the emulsifier was proved. When the added amount is 40% during emulsification, a stable emulsion can be obtained, and the amount of emulsifier used is small. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3Quality Control of 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol).

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol (cas: 111-77-3) belongs to ethers. The oxygen atom in ethers are more electronegative than carbon, thus the hydrogens which are alpha to the ethers are more acidic than the simple hydrocarbons. Ethers can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules (alcohols, amines, etc.) that have O―H or N―H bonds. The ability to form hydrogen bonds with other compounds makes ethers particularly good solvents for a wide variety of organic compounds and a surprisingly large number of inorganic compounds.Quality Control of 2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Coenzyme Q₀ Enhances Ultraviolet B-Induced Apoptosis in Human Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast (MCF-7) Cancer Cells was written by Wang, Hui-Min;Yang, Hsin-Ling;Thiyagarajan, Varadharajan;Huang, Tzu-Hsiang;Huang, Pei-Jane;Chen, Ssu-Ching;Liu, Jer-Yuh;Hsu, Li-Sung;Chang, Hsueh-Wei;Hseu, You-Cheng. And the article was included in Integrative Cancer Therapies in 2017.Related Products of 605-94-7 This article mentions the following:

Coenzyme Q₀ (CoQ₀; 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone), a major active constituent of Antrodia camphorata, has been shown to inhibit human triple-neg. breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cells through induction of apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest. Ecol. studies have suggested a possible association between UV B (UVB) radiation and reduction in the risk of breast cancer. However, the underlying mechanism of the combination of CoQ₀ and UVB in human estrogen receptor-pos. breast cancer (MCF-7) remains unclear. In this study, the possible effect of CoQ₀ on inducing apoptosis in MCF-7 cells under exposure to low-dose UVB (0.05 J/cm²) has been investigated. CoQ₀ treatment (0-35μM, for 24-72 h) inhibits moderately the growth of breast cancer MCF-7 cells, and the cell viability was significantly decreased when the cells were pretreated with UVB irradiation It was noted that there was a remarkable accumulation of subploid cells, the so-called sub-G1 peak, in CoQ₀-treated cells by using flow cytometric anal., which suggests that the viability reduction observed after treatment may result from apoptosis induction in MCF-7 cells. CoQ₀ caused an elevation of reactive oxygen species, as indicated by dichlorofluorescein fluorescence, and UVB pretreatment significantly increased CoQ₀-induced reactive oxygen species generation in MCF-7 cells. In addition, cells were exposed to CoQ₀, and the induction of DNA damage was evaluated by single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). CoQ₀-induced DNA damage was remarkably enhanced by UVB pretreatment. Furthermore, CoQ₀ induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, which was associated with PARP degradation, Bcl-2/Bax dysregulation, and p53 expression as shown by western blot. Collectively, these findings suggest that CoQ₀ might be an important supplemental agent for treating patients with breast cancer. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7Related Products of 605-94-7).

2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (cas: 605-94-7) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. But on the other hand, ethers undergo cleavage by reaction with acids. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Related Products of 605-94-7

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Effects of zwitterionic molecules on ionic association in ethylene oxide-based electrolytes was written by Nguyen, Manh Tien;Shao, Qing. And the article was included in Fluid Phase Equilibria in 2020.Reference of 112-49-2 This article mentions the following:

This work investigates the effect of zwitterionic mols. on ionic association in ethylene oxide (EO)-based electrolytes using mol. dynamics simulations. Zwitterionic mols. can associate with cations and anions because they possess both pos. and neg. charged groups. This unique feature can be leveraged to develop electrolytes with high ionic conductivity if we understand how zwitterionic mols. influence ionic associations We investigate the ionic associations in the electrolytes composed of oligo(ethylene oxide) (EO) (EO_x, x = 2, 3, 4, and 5), LiTFSI and zwitterionic mols. containing cationic imidazole group and anionic sulfonate group using mol. dynamics simulations. The analyzed properties include the radial distribution functions between Li⁺, [TFSI]^–, EO_x and zwitterionic mols., the structures and dynamics of Li⁺-[TFSI]^–, Li⁺– EO_x and Li⁺-zwitterion associations, and the diffusion coefficients of Li⁺, [TFSI]^–, EO_x and zwitterionic mols. The simulation results show two distinct effects of zwitterionic mols. on ionic associations in the electrolytes. First, they could release Li⁺ from the trapping effect of EO_x chains and accelerate Li⁺ transport. Second, they can associate with Li⁺ themselves and slow down the Li⁺ transport. The competition between these two effects relates to the length of the EO_x chains. Our simulations suggest that zwitterionic mols. could help manipulate the ionic conductivity of polyethylene oxide electrolytes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Reference of 112-49-2).

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.Reference of 112-49-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem