Category: ethers-buliding-blocks

Mechanism Study on Depolymerization of the α-O-4 Linkage Lignin Model Compound in Supercritical Ethanol System was written by Jiang, Weikun;Wu, Shubin. And the article was included in Waste and Biomass Valorization in 2019.Computed Properties of C13H12O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The aim of this study was to explore the conversion mechanism of α-O-4 linkage lignin dimer model compound (monobenzone) in supercritical ethanol. The decomposition processes of monobenzone were investigated at different reaction time (0-12 h), conversion temperature (250-310 °) and initial concentrations (0.01-0.03 g/mL). The reaction mechanism and pathways were proposed based on the distribution of products, the bond dissociation energies and the free radical theory. The results showed almost complete degradation was achieved in supercritical ethanol system. A higher temperature, a longer reaction time and a higher initial concentration significantly promoted the formation of solid residue due to the condensation reactions of the degradation intermediates/products. Based on the formation mechanism of products, the conversion products were classified into three types: (1) its own fragmentation compounds, (2) condensation compounds of its intermediates and (3) the second fragmentation compounds of its intermediates. A depolymerization reaction mechanism of monobenzone that primarily involved homolytic cleavage of the C_α-O linkage was proposed. In addition, the bibenzyl were an important and unstable intermediate product, it can continue to produce many different radical species that can participate in a variety of reaction mechanisms, resulting in complex reaction pathways and products distribution, even forming higher-mol. weight solid residue. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2Computed Properties of C13H12O2).

4-Benzyloxyphenol (cas: 103-16-2) belongs to ethers. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Computed Properties of C13H12O2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Catalytic depolymerization of alkaline lignin to value-added phenolic-based compounds over Ni/CeO₂-ZrO₂ catalyst synthesized with a one-step chemical reduction of Ni species using NaBH₄ as the reducing agent was written by Totong, Sansanee;Daorattanachai, Pornlada;Laosiripojana, Navadol;Idem, Raphael. And the article was included in Fuel Processing Technology in 2020.Recommanded Product: 2380-78-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Alk. lignin obtained from paper manufacturing is a potential feedstock for upgrading to produce value-added chems. This study demonstrates the efficiencies of synthesized Ni supported CeO₂-ZrO₂ catalysts to convert this low-cost alk. lignin into value-added phenolic-based chems. for further com. applications. Lignin depolymerization was performed under mild reaction conditions, namely, reaction temperature of 200-300°C, and reaction time of 1-5 h. Three different catalyst preparation methods (simple wet-impregnation, wet-impregnation assisted reduction in H₂ atmosphere and one-step chem. reduction) were investigated and used to evaluate possible correlations between the active Ni phase and catalytic performance in lignin depolymerization The active Ni phase was successfully formed by one-step chem. reduction method which showed a significant improvement on product yield, especially lignin oil. The best result obtained in lignin depolymerization was by using 10%Ni/CeO₂-ZrO₂-red catalyst which resulted in producing a high yield of lignin oil (46.8%) from lignin feedstock under mild condition of 250°C. The major phenolic compounds in lignin oil were: guaiacol, methyl-guaiacol, ethyl-guaiacol, vanillin, acetovanillone, and homovanillic acid. Furthermore, the reaction temperature affected the product yield and product distribution resulting in higher diversity of phenolic compounds in lignin oil. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Recommanded Product: 2380-78-1).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Recommanded Product: 2380-78-1

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Quantitative analysis of aqueous phases of bio-oils resulting from pyrolysis of different biomasses by two-dimensional comprehensive liquid chromatography was written by Lazzari, Eliane;Arena, Katia;Caramao, Elina B.;Herrero, Miguel. And the article was included in Journal of Chromatography A in 2019.Application of 2380-78-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Agrifood byproducts are perfect candidates to be further processed under the concept of circular economy, in order to produce their valorization. Although significant amounts of food-related wastes that are discarded are produced worldwide, these might still be rich in valuable compounds A strategy to further valorize agrifood-related byproducts is based on pyrolysis processes. The result of this process is a liquid product termed bio-oil which is composed of an organic phase and an aqueous phase. This bio-oil is rich on a variety of components and its anal. implies several challenges. In this work, quant. online comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatog. (LC × LC) is proposed for the first time to characterize several aqueous phases of different bio-oils. Rice husk, peanut shell, spent coffee grounds, peach core and Eucalyptus sawdust biomasses were analyzed. The developed quant. LC × LC method presented very good linearity, precision, reproducibility, recovery and LODs and LOQs as low as 0.05 μg mL^-1 and 0.16 μg mL^-1, resp. As much as 28 components were simultaneously separated and quantified in those samples. Our results found that the composition of these bio-oils was different but strongly related to the agrifood byproduct submitted to pyrolysis. The developed methodol. is foreseen as a valuable tool for the quant. study of other bio-oils, considering the great complexity and high dimensionality of these samples. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Application of 2380-78-1).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Application of 2380-78-1

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Chemical composition, antioxidative and antimicrobial activities of turmeric spent oleoresin was written by Joshi, Priyanka;Joshi, Sushil;Semwal, Deepak Kumar;Bisht, Akansha;Sharma, Swapnil;Dwivedi, Jaya. And the article was included in Industrial Crops and Products in 2021.Application of 33171-05-0 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Disposal of the turmeric waste commonly known as turmeric spent oleoresin (TSO) left after separation of curcuminoids has been considered as serious concern and has attracted scientific community at large for its sustainable utilization. The fractionation of TSO was achieved using column chromatog. and the fractions thus obtained were characterized using HPLC and LCMS-qToF techniques. The isolated fractions and turmeric were examined for their antioxidant activity employing standard procedures such as DPPH scavenging assay, ABTS scavenging assay, FRAP assay and Phosphomolybdate assays. Antimicrobial potential of TSO and isolates was performed against different microbial strains using the broth dilution method. Chem. characterization of TSO revealed the presence of ferulic acid, myristicin, furanodience, cyclocurcumin, 6-methoxy-2-[2-(3methoxyphenyl) ethyl] chromone, dihydrocurcumin, bisabolocurcumin ether, terpecurcumin Q, curcumin, cyclobisdesmethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin. The highest antimicrobial activity was recorded for Fraction 1 (F1) (Inhibitory zone diameter (IZD) = 25.33 ± 0.33 mm), Fraction 6 (F6) (IZD = 23.67 ± 0.33 mm), Fraction 7 (F7) (IZD = 22.67 ± 0.33 mm), Fraction 9 (F9) (IZD = 24.00 ± 00 mm) and Fraction 11 (F11) (IZD = 22.33 ± 0.67 mm) against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Candida albicans (C. albicans), and Salmonella abony (S. abony) resp. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0Application of 33171-05-0).

Bisdemethoxycurcumin (cas: 33171-05-0) belongs to ethers. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Application of 33171-05-0

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Green Extraction of Cork Bioactive Compounds Using Natural Deep Eutectic Mixtures was written by Freitas, David S.;Rocha, Diana;Castro, Tarsila G.;Noro, Jennifer;Castro, Vania I. B.;Teixeira, Marta A.;Reis, Rui L.;Cavaco-Paulo, Artur;Silva, Carla. And the article was included in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 2380-78-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Quercus suber cork generates bioactive components, such as phenolic acids, terpenoids, and tannins, with excellent biol. properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiaging activities. Aiming to design environmentally benign processes to eliminate, or reduce, the use of toxic chems., we propose the green extraction of bioactives from cork using natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES). Several deep eutectic mixtures were developed, through the mixture of natural compounds, namely, lactic acid, glycerol, ethylene glycol, sodium citrate, and sodium lactate, chosen according to their origin, toxicity, biocompatibility, polarity, and pH. The results revealed higher extraction yields when using NADES instead of harsh solvents like dioxane, with the extraction process governed by several phys.-chem. parameters, including pH, polarity, viscosity, and d., and also by the method of extraction Acidic NADES composed of lactic acid and glycerol, or sodium citrate, extracted a greater amount of aromatic compounds, terpenoids, and fatty acids and their derivatives More basic eutectic mixtures, composed of sodium lactate and a polyol (ethylene glycol or glycerol), extracted predominantly low mol. weight polar compounds The extracts range encompassed by the developed NADES, together with the associated nontoxicity, low price, and ease of preparation, establish these solvents as a green approach to extract high added-value compounds from cork. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1HPLC of Formula: 2380-78-1).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.HPLC of Formula: 2380-78-1

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Protective effect of olive oil polyphenol phase II sulfate conjugates on erythrocyte oxidative-induced hemolysis was written by Fernandes, Sara;Ribeiro, Catarina;Paiva-Martins, Fatima;Catarino, Cristina;Santos-Silva, Alice. And the article was included in Food & Function in 2020.Formula: C9H12O3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The consumption of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) has been associated with a lower incidence of cardiovascular diseases partly due to its polyphenol content. The metabolites hydroxytyrosol sulfate and hydroxytyrosol acetate sulfate were shown to be the most concentrated polyphenol metabolites found in plasma after EVOO consumption. Therefore, the capacity of hydroxytyrosol, hydroxytyrosol acetate, homovanillyl alc., homovanillyl alc. acetate and tyrosol sulfate metabolites, to protect red blood cells (RBCs) from oxidative injury induced by the radical initiator 2,2′-azo-bis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) was evaluated. In the presence of AAPH, all non-sulfated compounds and the hydroxytyrosol and hydroxytyrosol acetate monosulfate metabolites showed a significant protective activity against RBCs induced oxidative hemolysis. Moreover, even at 5μM, the protection was highly significant for hydroxytyrosol acetate, hydroxytyrosol and hydroxytyrosol acetate 3′ and 4′ monosulfates. The morphol. changes of RBC and the nature of their Hb were in accordance with the hemolysis assay. Results showed that a free phenolic hydroxyl group is needed for the antioxidant protection given by compounds Hydroxytyrosol metabolites present as phase II sulfate conjugates are actually able to protect RBC from oxidative injury by a non-transcriptional mechanism and are likely to contribute for the anti-atherosclerosis properties of regular EVOO consumption. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Formula: C9H12O3).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Formula: C9H12O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Effects of pressure on lignocellulosic biomass fast pyrolysis in nitrogen and carbon dioxide was written by Cerciello, F.;Apicella, B.;Russo, C.;Cortese, L.;Senneca, O.. And the article was included in Fuel in 2021.Formula: C9H12O3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The present study investigates the influence of pressure on the products of fast pyrolysis of a lignocellulosic biomass (Walnut Shells). Experiments were carried out using a special heated strip reactor (HSR) at temperature of 1573 and 2073 K, pressure up to 8 bar and heating rate of 104 K/s. Two atmospheres have been investigated: N₂ and CO₂. Increasing the pressure of heat treatment, the combustion pattern and the average combustion reactivity of the chars change remarkably. Multiple components with different combustion reactivity have been found in the char samples. Upon heat treatment in N₂ the most reactive components are depleted more easily than upon heat treatment in CO₂. Consequently, thermodeactivation is more severe in N₂ than in CO₂. Raman anal. of the chars shows that graphitic order develops only upon heat treatment at 2073 K at the pressure of 2 bar, but not upon heat treatment at 1573 K, not even at the higher pressure investigated (4 and 8 bar). The loss of reactivity induced by pressure is therefore ascribed to changes in the internal distribution of char components. The evolution of the solid components is accompanied by changes in the distribution of aliphatics/methoxy aromatic compounds in the produced tar. The interplay of temperature, pressure, and CO₂ affects both mineral matter and the carbon matrix resulting into a rather complex behavior. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Formula: C9H12O3).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Formula: C9H12O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Enological properties of red wine produced from native Kosetevek grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivated in Eastern Anatolia was written by Arpa Zemzemoglu, Tuba Eda;Darici, Merve;Cabaroglu, Turgut. And the article was included in European Food Research and Technology in 2021.Formula: C9H12O3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The aim of this study was to determine the potential of red wine production from the Kosetevek grape variety (Vitis Vinifera L.) cultivated in Elazig province of Turkey and to define the characteristics of Kosetevek wines. To determine the grapes for wine production quality, the general composition, phenolic compounds, aroma compounds and sensory anal. of the wines were carried out. Aroma compounds were performed by solid-phase extraction (SPE) and then analyzed by gas chromatog. (GC) along with gas chromatog./mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Results showed that the red wines obtained from Kosetevek grapes consisted of 50 aroma compounds for 2014 vintages and 49 aroma compounds for 2015 vintages. Esters were the main components contributing to the Kosetevek wine aroma along with Et hydrogen succinate and ethyl-4-hydroxy butanoate. The amount of total phenolic compounds, total anthocyanin, and the tannin in Kosetevek wines were found to be between 3705.45 and 3015.63 mg/L, 554.25-502.35 mg/L, and 4.5-3.95 g/L at 2014-2015 vintages, resp. As to sensory evaluation, Kosetevek wines were characterized as a deep purple color, middle to high body, and rich in red fruit (cherries, plums), and dried fruit odors. This study has provided enol. properties and aroma characterization of Kosetevek wines. The results of the study showed that Kosetevek wines could be considered as an alternative to other wines obtained from native grape varieties of the region. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Formula: C9H12O3).

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Formula: C9H12O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Pd-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions Promoted by Biaryl Phosphorinane Ligands was written by Laffoon, Joshua D.;Chan, Vincent S.;Fickes, Michael G.;Kotecki, Brian;Ickes, Andrew R.;Henle, Jeremy;Napolitano, Jose G.;Franczyk, Thaddeus S.;Dunn, Travis B.;Barnes, David M.;Haight, Anthony R.;Henry, Rodger F.;Shekhar, Shashank. And the article was included in ACS Catalysis in 2019.Recommanded Product: 562085-85-2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The authors report the use of biaryl phosphorinanes as ligands for Pd catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. A modular synthesis was developed that employs a double conjugate addition of primary biaryl phosphines into 1,1,5,5-tetraalkyl penta-1,4-diene-3-ones. Notably, this synthesis does not require the use of Cu, a known contaminant in structurally related biaryl phosphine ligands. Using the synthetic strategy described above, the authors synthesized a library of biaryl phosphorinanes, varying their substitution about P and the steric and electronic nature of the biaryl motif. The authors then benchmarked their performance as ligands in Pd-catalyzed cross coupling reactions such as aryl sulfonamidation, aryl alkoxylation, and aryl amination in the presence of soluble organic bases. In each reaction studied, many ligands outperformed biaryl phosphines known to promote the given transformation. Detailed substrate scopes were determined using high throughput screening technol. Several biaryl phosphorinanes and their corresponding Pd(II) oxidative-addition complexes were extensively characterized using NMR spectroscopy and x-ray crystallog. General observations support that biaryl phosphorinanes promote reductive elimination and form robust catalysts with Pd. In many cases the use of these biaryl phosphorinanes may be advantageous over the use of biaryl phosphines with respect to lower catalyst loadings, shorter reaction times, and robustness. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as N-(4-Methoxyphenyl)pyridin-3-amine (cas: 562085-85-2Recommanded Product: 562085-85-2).

N-(4-Methoxyphenyl)pyridin-3-amine (cas: 562085-85-2) belongs to ethers. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Recommanded Product: 562085-85-2

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem

Columnar Liquid-Crystalline Metallomacrocycles was written by Kawano, Shin-ichiro;Ishida, Yukari;Tanaka, Kentaro. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2015.Computed Properties of C10H22O3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The authors report synthesis of novel macrocyclic mols. and their metal complexes as well as their thermotropic columnar liquid-crystalline behavior. The macrocyclic ligands were prepared size-selectively based on dynamic covalent chem. X-ray study of a model macrocycle with short alkyl chains revealed that they were discrete and highly sym., with an inner vacant cavity of 9 Å diameter enclosed by a 56π planar ring composed of four bis(salicylidene)-o-phenylenediamine (salphen) moieties alternating with four carbazoles. Ni²⁺ and Cu²⁺ ions were incorporated into the four salphen ligands and formed square-planar metal complexes inside the macrocycles. From the structural and thermal analyses via x-ray diffraction measurements, DSC, and polarized optical-microscopic observations, the macrocyclic ligand and its metal complexes self-assembled into columnar liquid-crystalline phases depending on the temperature and displayed a highly fluid character over a wide range of temperatures The peripheral alkyl chains were influential in controlling the temperature range and flowability of the liquid-crystalline phases, and the range of the liquid-crystalline temperature of the metallo-macrocycles was significantly higher than those of the metal-free macrocycles. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, these are the first examples of thermotropic columnar liquid crystals of macrocyclic metal complexes with a large hollow area. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4Computed Properties of C10H22O3).

2-(2-(Hexyloxy)ethoxy)ethanol (cas: 112-59-4) belongs to ethers. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Computed Properties of C10H22O3

Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem