Probing Electrochemical Mg-Ion Activity in MgCr2-xVxO4 Spinel Oxides was written by Kwon, Bob Jin;Lau, Ka-Cheong;Park, Haesun;Wu, Yimin A.;Hawthorne, Krista L.;Li, Haifeng;Kim, Soojeong;Bolotin, Igor L.;Fister, Timothy T.;Zapol, Peter;Klie, Robert F.;Cabana, Jordi;Liao, Chen;Lapidus, Saul H.;Key, Baris;Vaughey, John T.. And the article was included in Chemistry of Materials in 2020.Quality Control of 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane This article mentions the following:
Mg migration in oxide spinels is impeded by strong affinity between divalent Mg and O, suggesting a necessity of exploring new chem. of solid lattices for functional Mg-ion electrode materials. Cationic mobility with a suitable activation energy in Cr spinels is evidenced by theor. and exptl. results, while redox potentials of V are appropriate to operate with currently limited candidates of nonaqueous electrolytes. By controlling the structure, composition, and complexity, a largely solid-solution MgCrVO4 spinel was synthesized, which, unlike nanocomposites, can bring together the advantages of each transition metal in the lattice. The spinel was successfully synthesized by a simple solid-state reaction with minor inactive Cr- or V-rich components, which was confirmed via 25Mg MASNMR and high-resolution x-ray diffraction analyses. A thermally and anodically stable Mg(TPFA)2/triglyme electrolyte was used for high-temperature electrochem. and lowering kinetic barriers at and across interfaces so as to observe intercalation behavior of Mg in the designed lattice. Multimodal characterization confirmed an apparent bulk demagnesiation from MgCrVO4 with partial reversibility by probing evolution of the local and long-range structure as well as V and Cr electronic states within the lattice. Characterization experiments also provided a direct evidence for (de)intercalation reactions that occurred without any major competitive conversion reactions or insertion of protons into the lattice, except for the formation of a surface rock salt phase upon charge. These findings in Mg-ion activity expand opportunities to design Mg spinel oxide materials while highlighting the need to identify the origins of reversibility challenges due to, but not limited to, phase stability, particularly for the charged states, barriers at the interface, electrolyte stabilities, and desolvation phenomena, collectively hindering practical use as cathode materials. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2Quality Control of 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane).
2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane (cas: 112-49-2) belongs to ethers. Of all the functional groups, ethers are the least reactive ones. Ether bonds are quite stable towards bases, oxidizing agents and reducing agents. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.Quality Control of 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane
Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem