Microwave-assisted lignin liquefaction in hydrazine and ethylene glycol: Reaction pathways via response surface methodology was written by Nde, Divine B.;Barekati-Goudarzi, Mohamad;Muley, Pranjali D.;Khachatryan, Lavrent;Boldor, Dorin. And the article was included in Sustainable Materials and Technologies in 2021.Synthetic Route of C9H12O3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:
Microwave assisted liquefaction (MAL) of alkali lignin in ethylene glycol (EG) in the presence of hydrazine was carried out using response surface methodol. Dielec. properties of mixtures of lignin/EG at different hydrazine concentrations were determined to enhance the understanding of the MAL process. MAL parameters were hydrazine concentration (1-3%), temperature (100-180 °C), time (5-45 min) with the maximum microwave heating power limited to 750 W. Lignin/EG ratio was fixed at 1 g:10 mL. Dielec. properties were significantly influenced by hydrazine concentration and temperature Major products from the liquefaction process (as % of peak areas) were grouped into guaiacol and derivatives (17-42%), Nitrogen compounds (0-27%), and Hydroxylated products (8-22%), and their yields were modelled with polynomial equations. Product yields were significantly influenced by process parameters. Optimum parameters for maximizing yields of guaiacol and nitrogen containing compounds were 0.5%, 180 °C, 25 min and 2.5%, 130, 25 min for hydrazine concentration, temperature, and time, resp. Low hydrazine concentration increases guaiacol yield at higher temperatures, indicating that at high temperatures hydrazine behaves as a hydrogen donor for lignin liquefaction. The yield of nitrogen containing compounds increases at relatively low temperatures and high concentration of hydrazine. Apart from playing the resp. roles of liquefaction solvent and hydrogen donor, EG and hydrazine also take part in the reaction thereby significantly modifying the composition of reaction products. A mechanistic reaction mechanism was proposed to explain the formation of the liquefaction products. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Synthetic Route of C9H12O3).
4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Synthetic Route of C9H12O3
Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem