Production and characterization of bio-oil and biochar from ablative pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass residues was written by Khuenkaeo, Nattawut;Tippayawong, Nakorn. And the article was included in Chemical Engineering Communications in 2020.Reference of 2380-78-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:
Agricultural residues are one of the large untapped sources of bio-energy in Thailand, with over 30 million tons available per yr. They may be utilized to generate renewable liquid and solid fuels. In this work, pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass residues (corncobs, coconut shells, and bamboo residue) was carried out in an ablative pyrolysis reactor with rotating blades. Influences of inert carrier gas flows (5-15 L/min) and rotating frequency (4-8 Hz) at a fixed hot plate temperature of 500 °C on generating bio-oil were investigated. Characterization of bio-oil as well as biochar products was performed. Maximum bio-oil yield was found to be about 50% weight/weight for coconut shell at 5 L/min of flowrate and 8 Hz of the rotating frequency, and 45% weight/weight for bamboo residues at the same condition. For corncob, the highest bio-oil yield was 72% weight/weight at 5 L/min of flowrate and 6 Hz of the rotating frequency. Solid char yields were around 23-28% weight/weight The heating values of the liquid oil and solid char were about 20-25 and 23-30 MJ/kg, resp. Rotating blade ablative reactor was able to generate high yields of bio-oil for agricultural residues. The main compounds of the bio-oil obtained were phenolics, including furfuran, organic acids, aldehydes, alcs., ethers, and ketones. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1Reference of 2380-78-1).
4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenethanol (cas: 2380-78-1) belongs to ethers. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Reference of 2380-78-1
Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem