Yu, Ping;Zhang, Yan-li;Yang, Xue;Pan, Li-jing;Dai, Zhi-yao;Xue, Min-zhao;Liu, Yan-gang;Wang, Wei published 《Synthesis and characterization of asymmetric bismaleimide oligomers with improved processability and thermal/mechanical properties》 in 2019. The article was appeared in 《Polymer Engineering & Science》. They have made some progress in their research.Application In Synthesis of 3-(4-Aminophenoxy)aniline The article mentions the following:
Novel asym. bismaleimide (BMI) oligomers with different mol. weights and dianhydrides were designed and synthesized by 3,4′-oxydianiline (3,4′-ODA), 2,3,3′,4′-oxydiphthalic dianhydride (a-ODPA), and 2,3,3′,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-BPDA). The chem. structures of BMI oligomers were confirmed by fourier transform IR spectrometry and gel permeation chromatog. X-ray diffraction exhibited broad peaks, suggesting amorphous structures. Heat flow curves of oligomers measured by differential scanning calorimeter displayed wide processing window due to low glass transition temperatures (Tg). BMI oligomers exhibited high solubility in common organic solvents. Particularly, the OD-BMI-1 oligomer exhibited excellent solubility of more than 50 wt% in DMAc solvent. Tg value and min. complex viscosity of OD-BMI-1 oligomer were only 121 °C and 8.1 Pa · s, resp. The cured BMI resins possess high thermal and thermal-oxidative stability. The Tg and the temperature of 5% weight loss in nitrogen were above 256 and 449 °C, resp., and the residual weight percentages at 800 °C were all >49%. Moreover, films made of BMI resins exhibited excellent mech. properties flexibility, as confirmed by photograph and DMA results of films. The elongation at break of the prepared films was found to be high (almost >9.6%). And 3-(4-Aminophenoxy)aniline (cas: 2657-87-6) was used in the research process.
3-(4-Aminophenoxy)aniline is one of ethers-buliding-blocks. Ethers feature bent C–O–C linkages. In dimethyl ether, the bond angle is 111° and C–O distances are 141 pm. The barrier to rotation about the C–O bonds is low. Application In Synthesis of 3-(4-Aminophenoxy)aniline The bonding of oxygen in ethers, alcohols, and water is similar. In the language of valence bond theory, the hybridization at oxygen is sp3.
Reference:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem